*args是非关键字参数,用于元组,**kwargs是关键字参数,用于字典。
<type 'tuple'>
('song', 'python', 'c++', 'ping')
song
python
c++
ping
<type 'tuple'>
('song', 'python', 'c++', 'ping')
song
python
c++
ping
<type 'tuple'>
('song', 'python', 'c++', 'ping')
song
python
c++
ping
<type 'dict'>
{'age': 26, 'name': 'song', 'sex': 'man'}
[('age', 26), ('name', 'song'), ('sex', 'man')]
('age', 26)
('name', 'song')
('sex', 'man')
<type 'dict'>
{'age': 26, 'name': 'song', 'sex': 'man'}
[('age', 26), ('name', 'song'), ('sex', 'man')]
('age', 26)
('name', 'song')
('sex', 'man')
arg = 1
args = (2, 3)
kwargs = {}
------------------
arg = 1
args = ()
kwargs = {'a': 1, 'c': 3, 'b': 2}
------------------
arg = 1
args = (2, 3, 4)
kwargs = {'a': 1, 'c': 3, 'b': 2}
------------------
arg = 1
args = ('a', 1, None)
kwargs = {'a': 1, 'c': 3, 'b': '2'}
------------------
1》*args
def show(*args):
print type(args)
print args
for name in args:
print name
show('song','python','c++','ping')#python将这些参数包装成一个元组,传给args
l=['song','python','c++','ping']
show(*l)
show(*('song','python','c++','ping'))
结果:
<type 'tuple'>
('song', 'python', 'c++', 'ping')
song
python
c++
ping
<type 'tuple'>
('song', 'python', 'c++', 'ping')
song
python
c++
ping
<type 'tuple'>
('song', 'python', 'c++', 'ping')
song
python
c++
ping
2》**kwargs
def show(**kwargs):
print type(kwargs)
print kwargs
print kwargs.items()
for item in kwargs.items():
print item
show(name='song',age=26,sex='man')#python将这些参数包装成一个字典,传给kwargs
d={'name':'song','age':26,'sex':'man'}
show(**d)
结果:
<type 'dict'>
{'age': 26, 'name': 'song', 'sex': 'man'}
[('age', 26), ('name', 'song'), ('sex', 'man')]
('age', 26)
('name', 'song')
('sex', 'man')
<type 'dict'>
{'age': 26, 'name': 'song', 'sex': 'man'}
[('age', 26), ('name', 'song'), ('sex', 'man')]
('age', 26)
('name', 'song')
('sex', 'man')
3》*args和**kwargs混合使用
def foo(arg,*args, **kwargs):
print 'arg = ',arg
print 'args = ', args
print 'kwargs = ', kwargs
print '------------------'
if __name__ == '__main__':
foo(1,2,3)
foo(1,a=1,b=2,c=3)
foo(1,2,3,4, a=1,b=2,c=3)
foo(1,'a', 1, None, a=1, b='2', c=3)
结果:
arg = 1
args = (2, 3)
kwargs = {}
------------------
arg = 1
args = ()
kwargs = {'a': 1, 'c': 3, 'b': 2}
------------------
arg = 1
args = (2, 3, 4)
kwargs = {'a': 1, 'c': 3, 'b': 2}
------------------
arg = 1
args = ('a', 1, None)
kwargs = {'a': 1, 'c': 3, 'b': '2'}
------------------
(完)