MyBatis学习笔记：Mybatis简介

参考书籍

《深入浅出MyBatis技术原理与实战》，ISBN：978-7-121-29594-2

传统的JDBC编程

流程

1.加载数据库驱动
2.通过DriverManager获取数据库连接Connection
3.操作Connection打开Statement/PreparedStatement
4.通过Statement执行SQL
5.使用ResultSet读取数据
6.释放相关资源

缺点

1.工作量大，需要手动加载驱动、建立连接、执行SQL、处理结果、释放连接，重复代码多；
2.SQL通过字符串拼接的形式硬编码在代码中，不方便也不安全；

Example

建表语句：

CREATE TABLE `user` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` varchar(50) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

maven：

    <dependencies>
        <!-- Contains Protobuf -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.25</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.1</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

Example：

import java.sql.*;

public class PureJDBC {

    public static void main(String[] args){
        Connection connection = null;
        try {
            //Load jdbc driver
            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
            final String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis";
            final String username = "root";
            final String password = "root";
            //Get Connection
            connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url,username,password);
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        PreparedStatement statement = null;
        ResultSet resultSet = null;
        try {
            //Create statement
            statement = connection.prepareStatement("select * from user where id = ?");
            statement.setLong(1,1L);
            //Query result
            resultSet = statement.executeQuery();
            if(resultSet.next()){
                final long id = resultSet.getLong("id");
                final String name = resultSet.getString("name");
                System.out.println(id + "," + name);
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            //Release resource
            if(resultSet != null){
                try {
                    resultSet.close();
                } catch (SQLException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if(statement != null){
                try {
                    statement.close();
                } catch (SQLException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if(connection != null){
                try {
                    connection.close();
                } catch (SQLException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

ORM模型

由于原生JDBC存在如上缺点，因此提出了对象关系映射（Object Relational Mapping），简称ORM。在Java中，ORM模型将数据库表和Java对象进行映射。
常用的ORM模型有：Hibernate、JOOQ、SpringData以及本文介绍之Mybatis。
S

Mybatis

起源

Mybatis的前身是Apache的开源项目：ibatis，2010年该项目由apache sofeware foundation迁移到google code，并改名为Mybatis。并于2013年迁移到github，目前Mybatis由github维护。

ORM模型

Example

mybatis_config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="root"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="user.xml"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

user.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
<mapper namespace="mybatis.UserMapper">
    <select id="getUser" parameterType="long" resultType="mybatis.User">
        select id , name from user where id = #{id}
    </select>
</mapper>

User.java

package mybatis;

public class User {
    private long id;
    private String name;

    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

UserMapper.java

package mybatis;

public interface UserMapper {
    public User getUser(final long id);
}

Example：

private static  SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = null;

    private SqlSessionFactory getSqlSessionFactory() {
        if (null == sqlSessionFactory) {
            final String resource = "mybatis_config.xml";
            try {
                Reader reader = Resources.getResourceAsReader(resource);
                return new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(reader);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot build SqlSessionFactory", e);
            }
        } else {
            return sqlSessionFactory;
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        final SqlSession sqlSession = new HelloWorldMyBatis().getSqlSessionFactory().openSession();
        final UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        final User user = mapper.getUser(1L);
        //User{id=1, name='Jerry'}
        System.out.println(user);
        sqlSession.close();
    }