gulp学习感受

前段时间写了一点点的webpack学习见解，其实也是很简单的说了对webpack的理解。平时的项目中用的最多的自动化构建工具就是webpack，但是很早之前也听过gulp，就是没在项目中使用过，所以最近没事的时候，就学习了一下gulp的使用（想再以后的工作中装一波）

我个人的理解gulp是短小精悍，可以用很少的代码完成整个项目的自动化构建。

话不多说。现在就来看看使用gulp是如何构建项目的吧。

一、初始化项目、安装gulp

yarn init -y
yarn add gulp

二、创建gulpfile.js文件

首先是在项目根路径下创建这个文件，因为这是gulp运行时候的入口文件（可以在node_modules/gulp-cli/bin/index.js里面看到）

三、在入口文件里引入需要的方法

const { src,dest,parallel,series,watch } = require('gulp')

const del = require('del')
const browserSync = require('browser-sync')
const loadPlugin = require('gulp-load-plugins')

四、可以写一些方法

// 方法一
const plugins = loadPlugin()

const bs = browserSync.create()

// 方法二
// const sass = require('gulp-sass')
// const babel = require('gulp-babel')
// const swig = require('gulp-swig')
// const imagemin = require('gulp-imagemin')

const data = {
  menus: [
    {
      name: 'Home',
      icon: 'aperture',
      link: 'index.html'
    },
    {
      name: 'Features',
      link: 'features.html'
    },
    {
      name: 'About',
      link: 'about.html'
    },
    {
      name: 'Contact',
      link: '#',
      children: [
        {
          name: 'Twitter',
          link: 'https://twitter.com/w_zce'
        },
        {
          name: 'About',
          link: 'https://weibo.com/zceme'
        },
        {
          name: 'divider'
        },
        {
          name: 'About',
          link: 'https://github.com/zce'
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  pkg: require('./package.json'),
  date: new Date()
}

const clean = () => {
  return del(['dist','temp'])
}

const style = () => {
  return src('src/assets/styles/*.scss',{base:'src'})
  .pipe(plugins.sass({outputStyle:'expanded'})) // outputStyle:'expanded' 可以把css最后结尾的花括号放在空格处
  .pipe(dest('temp'))
  .pipe(bs.reload({stream:true}))
}

const script = () => {
  return src('src/assets/scripts/*.js',{base:'src'})
  .pipe(plugins.babel({presets:['@babel/preset-env']}))
  .pipe(dest('temp'))
  .pipe(bs.reload({stream:true}))
}

const page = () => {
  return src('src/*.html',{base:'src'})
  .pipe(plugins.swig({ data, defaults: { cache: false } })) // 防止模板缓存导致页面不能及时更新
  .pipe(dest('temp'))
  .pipe(bs.reload({stream:true}))
}

const image = () => {
  return src('src/assets/images/**',{base:'src'})
  .pipe(plugins.imagemin())
  .pipe(dest('dist'))
}

const font = () => {
  return src('src/assets/fonts/**',{base:'src'})
  .pipe(plugins.imagemin())
  .pipe(dest('dist'))
}


const extra = () => {
  return src('public/**',{base:'public'})
  .pipe(dest('dist'))
} 

const serve = () => {
  watch('src/assets/styles/*.scss',style)
  watch('src/assets/scripts/*.js',script)
  watch('src/*.html',page)
  // watch('src/assets/images/**',image)
  // watch('src/assets/fonts/**',font)
  // watch('public/**',extra)
  watch([
    'src/assets/images/**',
    'src/assets/fonts/**',
    'public/**'
  ],bs.reload)

  bs.init({
    notify:false,
    // port:9528,
    // files:'dist/**',
    server:{
      baseDir:['temp','src','public'],
      routes:{
        '/node_modules':'node_modules'
      }
    }
  })
}


const useref = () => {
  return src('temp/*.html',{base:'temp'})
  .pipe(plugins.useref({searchPath:['temp','.']}))
  // html css js压缩代码
  .pipe(plugins.if(/\.js$/,plugins.uglify()))
  .pipe(plugins.if(/\.css$/,plugins.cleanCss()))
  .pipe(plugins.if(/\.html$/,plugins.htmlmin({ 
    collapseWhitespace:true,
    minifyCSS:true,
    minifyJS:true 
  })))
  .pipe(dest('dist'))
}


const compile = parallel(style,script,page)

// 上线之前执行的任务
const build = series(
  clean,
  parallel(
    series(compile,useref),
    image,
    font,
    extra
  )
)

const dev = series(compile,serve)

module.exports = {
  build,
  dev,
  clean
}