项目结构:springmvc-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.kuang.controller"/>
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!--视图解析器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="internalResourceViewResolver">
<!--前缀-->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<!--后缀-->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!--BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping : bean-->
</beans>
ControllerDemo02
@Controller
//代表这个类会被Spring接管,被这个注解的类,中的所有方法,如果返回值是String,
//并且有具体可以跳转的页面,那么就会被视图解析器解析
public class ControllerDemo02 {
@RequestMapping("t2")
public String test(Model model){
model.addAttribute("msg","ControllerDemo02");
return "test";
}
@RequestMapping("t3")
public String test2(Model model){
model.addAttribute("msg","ControllerDemo02");
return "test";
}
}
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/c3")
public class ControllerDemo03 {
@RequestMapping("/t1")
public String test1(Model model){
model.addAttribute("msg","ControllerDemo03");
return "test";
}
}
这个test.jsp是在WEB-INF下面的jsp文件下面body里面写${msg}
//原来的:http://localhost:8080/add?a=1&b=2
@Controller
public class RestFulController {
//原来的:http://localhost:8080/add?a=1&b=2
//RestFul: http://localhost:8080/add/a/b
@RequestMapping("/add")
public String test1(int a,int b, Model model){
int res=a+b;
model.addAttribute("msg","结果为"+res);
return "test";
}
}
//RestFul: http://localhost:8080/add/a/b
@Controller
public class RestFulController {
//原来的:http://localhost:8080/add?a=1&b=2
//RestFul: http://localhost:8080/add/a/b
@RequestMapping("/add/{a}/{b}")
public String test1(@PathVariable int a, @PathVariable int b, Model model){
int res=a+b;
model.addAttribute("msg","结果为"+res);
return "test";
}
}
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/add/1/3" method="post">
<input type="submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>
http://localhost:8080/a.jsp
提交
// //RestFul:简洁、高效、 安全
我们把视图解析器注释掉:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.kuang.controller"/>
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!--视图解析器-->
<!-- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="internalResourceViewResolver">
<!–前缀–>
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<!–后缀–>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!–BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping : bean–>
<bean name="/hello" class="com.kuang.controller.ControllerDemo01"/>-->
</beans>
@Controller
public class ModuleTest {
@RequestMapping("/m1/t1")
public String test1(Model model){
model.addAttribute("msg","ModuleTest");
//转发
return "forward:/WEB-INF/jsp/test.jsp";
}
// public String test1(Model model){
// model.addAttribute("msg","ModuleTest");
// return "redirect:/index.jsp";
// }
}
@Controller
public class ModuleTest {
@RequestMapping("/m1/t1")
public String test1(){
//转发
return "redirect:/index.jsp";
}
}
@GetMapping("/t2")
public String test2(User user){
System.out.println(user);
return "test";
}
前端传递的参数和对象的名称一致
User(id=1, name=李白, age=18)
前端传递的参数和对象的名称不一致
User(id=1, name=null, age=18)
解决乱码问题1
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/e/t1" method="get">
<input type="text" name="name">
<input type="submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>
注意,此方法用post方式提交请求不行,只能用get
@Controller
public class EncodingController {
@GetMapping ("/e/t1")
public String test1(String name, Model model, HttpServletRequest request) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
System.out.println(name);
model.addAttribute("msg" ,name);
return "test";
}
}
过滤器实现:
public class EncodingFilter implements Filter {
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
}
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
chain.doFilter(request,response);
}
@Override
public void destroy() {
}
}
方式二:
用springmvc 写好的
在web.xml配置文件中配置
<filter>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
网上大神写的通用的方法,包括post请求方式也可以
GenericEncodingFilter
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequestWrapper;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* 解决get和post请求 全部乱码的过滤器
*/
public class GenericEncodingFilter implements Filter {
@Override
public void destroy() {
}
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
//处理response的字符编码
HttpServletResponse myResponse=(HttpServletResponse) response;
myResponse.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
// 转型为与协议相关对象
HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest = (HttpServletRequest) request;
// 对request包装增强
HttpServletRequest myrequest = new MyRequest(httpServletRequest);
chain.doFilter(myrequest, response);
}
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
}
}
//自定义request对象,HttpServletRequest的包装类
class MyRequest extends HttpServletRequestWrapper {
private HttpServletRequest request;
//是否编码的标记
private boolean hasEncode;
//定义一个可以传入HttpServletRequest对象的构造函数,以便对其进行装饰
public MyRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
super(request);// super必须写
this.request = request;
}
// 对需要增强方法 进行覆盖
@Override
public Map getParameterMap() {
// 先获得请求方式
String method = request.getMethod();
if (method.equalsIgnoreCase("post")) {
// post请求
try {
// 处理post乱码
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
return request.getParameterMap();
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} else if (method.equalsIgnoreCase("get")) {
// get请求
Map<String, String[]> parameterMap = request.getParameterMap();
if (!hasEncode) { // 确保get手动编码逻辑只运行一次
for (String parameterName : parameterMap.keySet()) {
String[] values = parameterMap.get(parameterName);
if (values != null) {
for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {
try {
// 处理get乱码
values[i] = new String(values[i]
.getBytes("ISO-8859-1"), "utf-8");
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
hasEncode = true;
}
return parameterMap;
}
return super.getParameterMap();
}
//取一个值
@Override
public String getParameter(String name) {
Map<String, String[]> parameterMap = getParameterMap();
String[] values = parameterMap.get(name);
if (values == null) {
return null;
}
return values[0]; // 取回参数的第一个值
}
//取所有值
@Override
public String[] getParameterValues(String name) {
Map<String, String[]> parameterMap = getParameterMap();
String[] values = parameterMap.get(name);
return values;
}
}
在web.xml中配置
<filter>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<filter-class>com.kuang.fileter.GenericEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
提交方式post和get有什么区别?
(1)post是向服务器传送数据;get是从服务器上获取数据。
(2)在客户端,get是把参数数据队列加到提交表单的ACTION属性所指的URL中,值和表单内各个字段一一对应,在URL中可以看到。
post是通过HTTP post机制,将表单内各个字段与其内容放置在HTML HEADER内一起传送到ACTION属性所指的URL地址。用户看不到这个过程。
(3)对于get方式,服务器端用Request.QueryString获取变量的值,对于post方式,服务器端用Request.Form获取提交的数据。
例如:get 提交Request.QueryString[“aa”].ToString();
post 提交用 Request.Form[“aa”].ToString();
(4)get可以传送的数据量则非常小,只能有1024字节,不能大于2KB。post传送的数据量较大,一般被默认为不受限制。但理论上,IIS4中最大量为80KB,IIS5中为100KB。
(5)安全性问题。正如在(1)中提到,使用 get 的时候,参数会显示在浏览器地址栏上,而 post 不会。
建议:
1、get方式的安全性较post方式要差些,但是执行效率却比post方法好。
如果这些数据是中文数据而且是非敏感数据,那么使用 get;如果用户输入的数据不是中文字符而且包含敏感数据,包含机密信息的话,建议用post数据提交方式为好;
2、在做数据查询时,建议用get方式;而在做数据添加、修改或删除时,建议用post方式;
总结:(简答)
(1)get的参数会显示在浏览器地址栏中,而post的参数不会显示在浏览器地址栏中;
(2)使用post提交的页面在点击【刷新】按钮的时候浏览器一般会提示“是否重新提交”,而get则不会;
(3)用get的页面可以被搜索引擎抓取,而用post的则不可以;
(4)用post可以提交的数据量非常大,而用get可以提交的数据量则非常小(2k),受限于网页地址的长度。
(5)用post可以进行文件的提交,而用get则不可以。