OSPF基础配置练习
练习要求
R1-R3为区域0,R3-R4为区域1;其中R3的环回也在区域0。创建区域
R1,R2也各有一个环回 。 环回接口
R1-R3中R3为DR设备,没有DBR。 优先级
R4的环回地址已固定,其他所有网段使用192.168.1.0/24进行合理分配。 VLSM
R4的环回不能宣告。缺省
全网可达,保障更新安全手工认证,避免环路,减少路由条目汇总。
OSPF练习拓扑结构图
创建R1/R2/R3/R4的环回接口
R1
[a1]interface LoopBack 1
[a1-LoopBack1]
R2
[a2]interface LoopBack 1
[a2-LoopBack1]
R3
[a3]interface LoopBack 1
[a3-LoopBack1]
R4
[a4]interface LoopBack 1
[a4-LoopBack1]
分析网段
1.R1/R2/R3处在同一网段下,R3/R4的骨干了链路也需要一个网段,即链路需要两个网段
2.R1/R2/R3的环回接口需要3个网段
3.共需要5个网段
划分网段
192.168.1.0/24 分两个区域
192.168.1.00 00000/25 —— 192.168.1.0/25 —— 区域1
192.168.1.0 00 00000/27 ——192.168.1.0/27 —— 骨干链路
192.168.1.0 01 00000/27 —— 192.168.1.32/27 —— R1环回
192.168.1.0 10 00000/27 —— 192.168.1.64/27 —— R2环回
192.168.1.0 11 00000/27 —— 192.168.1.96/27 —— R3环回
192.168.1.1 0000000/25 —— 192.168.1.128/25 —— 区域二
配置IP
R1
[r1]interface LoopBack 1
[r1-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.33 27
[r1-LoopBack1]qu
[r1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.1 27
Oct 18 2023 15:29:59-08:00 r1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
R2
[r2]interface LoopBack 1
[r2-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.65 27
[r2-LoopBack1]qu
[r2]interface g0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.2 27
Oct 18 2023 15:31:08-08:00 r2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
R3
[r3]interface LoopBack 1
[r3-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.97 27
[r3-LoopBack1]qu
[r3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.3 27
Oct 18 2023 15:32:11-08:00 r3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]qu
[r3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.129 25
Oct 18 2023 15:32:33-08:00 r3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
R4
[r4]interface LoopBack 1
[r4-LoopBack1]ip address 4.4.4.1 24
[r4-LoopBack1]qu
[r4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.130 25
Oct 18 2023 15:34:18-08:00 r4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
配置OSPF
启动OSPF并手工配置RID
R1
[a1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
R2
[a2]OSPF 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
R3
[a3]OSPF 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
R4
[a4]OSPF 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
创建区域
R1
[a1-ospf-1]area 0
[a1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]
R2
[a2-ospf-1]area 0
[a2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]
R3
[a3-ospf-1]area 0
[a3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]
[a3-ospf-1]area 1
[a3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]
R4
[a4-ospf-1]area 1
[a4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]
宣告
R3
[a3-ospf-1]area 0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.3 0.0.0.0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.97 0.0.0.0
[a3-ospf-1]area 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 192.168.1.129 0.0.0.0
R1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
R2
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
R4
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 192.168.1.130 0.0.0.0
配置优先级
R1
[r1]INT GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0
R2
[r2]INT G 0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0
R4
[r4]int g 0/0/0
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0
查看R3是否成为DR且没有BDR
[r3]display ospf peer
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 3.3.3.3
Neighbors
Area 0.0.0.0 interface 192.168.1.3(GigabitEthernet0/0/0)'s neighbors
Router ID: 1.1.1.1 Address: 192.168.1.1
State: Full Mode:Nbr is Slave Priority: 0
DR: 192.168.1.3 BDR: None MTU: 0
Dead timer due in 39 sec
Retrans timer interval: 5
Neighbor is up for 00:02:36
Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]
Router ID: 2.2.2.2 Address: 192.168.1.2
State: Full Mode:Nbr is Slave Priority: 0
DR: 192.168.1.3 BDR: None MTU: 0
Dead timer due in 32 sec
Retrans timer interval: 5
Neighbor is up for 00:01:31
Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]
Neighbors
Area 0.0.0.1 interface 192.168.1.129(GigabitEthernet0/0/1)'s neighbors
Router ID: 4.4.4.4 Address: 192.168.1.130
State: Full Mode:Nbr is Master Priority: 0
DR: 192.168.1.129 BDR: None MTU: 0
Dead timer due in 38 sec
Retrans timer interval: 5
Neighbor is up for 00:00:45
Authentication Sequence: [ 0 ]
缺省
R4配置
[r4-ospf-1]default-route-advertise always
查看是否配置成功
<r1>PING 4.4.4.1
PING 4.4.4.1: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 4.4.4.1: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=40 ms
Reply from 4.4.4.1: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=50 ms
Reply from 4.4.4.1: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=60 ms
Reply from 4.4.4.1: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=60 ms
Reply from 4.4.4.1: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=254 time=60 ms
--- 4.4.4.1 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 40/54/60 ms
<r2>ping 4.4.4.1
PING 4.4.4.1: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 4.4.4.1: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=50 ms
Reply from 4.4.4.1: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=40 ms
Reply from 4.4.4.1: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=40 ms
Reply from 4.4.4.1: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=60 ms
Reply from 4.4.4.1: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=254 time=40 ms
--- 4.4.4.1 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 40/46/60 ms
[r3]ping 4.4.4.1
PING 4.4.4.1: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 4.4.4.1: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=20 ms
Reply from 4.4.4.1: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=20 ms
Reply from 4.4.4.1: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=20 ms
Reply from 4.4.4.1: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=20 ms
Reply from 4.4.4.1: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=20 ms
--- 4.4.4.1 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 20/20/20 ms
配置手工认证
R1
[r1]int g 0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf authentication-mode simple cipher 123456
R2
[r2]int g 0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf authentication-mode simple cipher 123456
R3
[r3]int g 0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf authentication-mode simple cipher 123456
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]qu
[r3]int g 0/0/1
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf authentication-mode simple cipher 123456
R4
[r4]int g 0/0/0
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf authentication-mode simple cipher 123456
手工汇总
配置汇总
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]abr-summary 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.128
配置空接口
[r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 25 NULL 0