Centos安装KVM

szdx1043

于 2024-06-13 10:10:33 发布

阅读量586

点赞数 21

分类专栏：虚拟化文章标签： centos linux 运维

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/szdx1043/article/details/139646592

版权

虚拟化专栏收录该内容

4 篇文章 0 订阅

订阅专栏

纯净的Centos安装KVM主要有以下几部分

【前提条件】

查看系统是否支持CPU虚拟化，网卡虚拟化

通过以下命令查看设备是否支持虚拟CPU，包含该关键词即表示支持
cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep vmx （基于Inter处理器）
cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep svm （基于AMD处理器）
lsmod | grep kvm
BIOS里需要开启VT-x/VT-d选项和SR-IOV
Processor Settings > Virtualization Technology，并将 Virtualization Technology 设置更改为 Enabled
System Setting > Integrated devices 并将 “SR-IOV Global Enable” 设置更改为 “Enabled”
BIOS还需要进入各个网卡下，开启SR-IOV模式
（不同服务器开启方式不尽相同，可以百度确认）

一、网络配置部分

通过ip 相关命令配置管理接口地址
ip addr add 10.182.145.225/24 dev ens192
添加默认路由
ip route add 0.0.0.0/0 via 10.182.145.1

3.添加DNS server，可以通过配置网卡配置文件来永久保存，网卡配置文件路径
cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts

[root@localhost network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-ens192
TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=static
BRIDGE=br0
DEFROUTE=yes
#IPADDR=0.0.0.0
#GATEWAY=10.182.145.1
#DNS1=10.88.7.10
#IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
#IPV6INIT=yes
#IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
#IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
#IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
#IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=ens192
UUID=861ae1f6-2015-4435-bef7-ffec118cb2a7
DEVICE=ens192
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=no

如果担心重启配置会丢失，可以将上述命令添加到 cd /etc/rc.local 末尾，作为开启启动命令
网络重启命令 service network restart/start/stop

二、远程管理部分

配置SSH远程，先安装SSH server
yum install -y openssl openssh-server
systemctl start sshd

安装gnome桌面
yum install gnome-classic-session gnome-terminal nautilus-open-terminal control-center liberation-mono-fonts –y

[root@localhost system]# cat /lib/systemd/system/graphical.target
# This file is part of systemd.
#
# systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.

[Unit]
Description=Graphical Interface
Documentation=man:systemd.special(7)
Requires=multi-user.target
Wants=display-manager.service
Conflicts=rescue.service rescue.target
After=multi-user.target rescue.service rescue.target display-manager.service
AllowIsolate=yes

[root@localhost system]#cd /etc/systemd/system
[root@localhost system]#ln -sf /lib/systemd/system/graphical.target /etc/systemd/system/default.target

[root@localhost system]#startx

VNC远程,参考笔记《VNC远程配置》

三、安装KVM

yum -y install qemu-kvm bridge-utils uml-utilities libvirt-bin virtinst virt-manager virt-viewer virt-install libvirtd libvirt

四、SR-IOV网卡划分

查看万兆网卡 lspci | grep Ethernet
[root@pxe44a84225805f VFW]# lspci | grep Ethernet
01:00.0 Ethernet controller: Broadcom Limited NetXtreme BCM5720 Gigabit Ethernet PCIe
01:00.1 Ethernet controller: Broadcom Limited NetXtreme BCM5720 Gigabit Ethernet PCIe
02:00.0 Ethernet controller: Broadcom Limited NetXtreme BCM5720 Gigabit Ethernet PCIe
02:00.1 Ethernet controller: Broadcom Limited NetXtreme BCM5720 Gigabit Ethernet PCIe
05:00.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82599ES 10-Gigabit SFI/SFP+ Network Connection (rev 01)
05:00.1 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82599ES 10-Gigabit SFI/SFP+ Network Connection (rev 01)
06:00.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82599ES 10-Gigabit SFI/SFP+ Network Connection (rev 01)
06:00.1 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82599ES 10-Gigabit SFI/SFP+ Network Connection (rev 01)
用pci小工具划分SR-IOV网卡。将工具放到任意目录下，根据help说明进行划分
[root@pxe44a84225805f VFW]# ./pci -h
Usage: pci [options]
-b pci_addr: bind a pci device back to default driver
-u interface: unbind a interface
-q interface: get the pci address and driver of a interface
-d driver -v vf_count: enable sriov for with <vf_count> of VFs
```
[root@localhost VFW]# ./pci -q p2p1                         //获取driver
Interface: p2p1
PCI address: 0000:60:00.0
Driver: ixgbe
PF: 0000:60:00.0
VFS:

[root@localhost VFW]# ./pci -d ixgbe -v 8                         //将单个网卡拆分为8个虚拟vf
Changing driver params...
0000:5e:00.0
0000:5e:00.1
0000:60:00.0
0000:60:00.1
```
也可以通过命令划分SR-IOV
echo ‘6’ > /sys/class/net/p1p1/device/sriov_numvfs
其中6是划分虚拟网卡数量，p1p1是对应万兆接口名字