Linux Makefile的一些用法

一、介绍
本文用实例介绍Makefile的一些使用规则和用法

二、一些用法

1. 宏定义使用

A:宏定义
-D DEBUG
-D DEBUG=[value]

CFLAGS=

hello world
1 + 9 = 10

CFLAGS=-D DEBUG

hello world
1 + 9 = 10
Debug is defined
Debug is defined as true

CFLAGS=-D DEBUG=1
hello world
1 + 9 = 10
Debug is defined
Debug is defined as true

CFLAGS=-D DEBUG=0
hello world
1 + 9 = 10
Debug is defined

2. ifeq的使用

 ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH), arm)
        LOCAL_SRC_FILES := ...
    else ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH), x86)
        LOCAL_SRC_FILES := ...
    else ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH), mips)
        LOCAL_SRC_FILES := ...
    else 
        LOCAL_SRC_FILES := ...
    endif
    

E:链接参数

-L.：指定库搜索路径
-l ：指定链接库名称
-I：指定头文件搜索路径

F:编译优先级

三、 编译：

通过make命令进行编译

编译前目录：
.
.
|-- Makefile
|-- lib
|   |-- include
|   |   `-- math_method.h
|   `-- src
|       `-- math_method.c
`-- main.c

编译后目录：
.
|-- Makefile
|-- a.out
|-- lib
|   |-- include
|   |   `-- math_method.h
|   `-- src
|       `-- math_method.c
|-- libmath_method.a
|-- libmath_method.so
|-- main.c
`-- math_method.o

四、源码：

LIB_A_SUPPORT=y
LIB_SO_SUPPORT=y

CC=gcc

ifeq ($(LIB_A_SUPPORT), y)
LIBRARY=-L. -Wl,-dn -lmath_method -Wl,-dy -lgcc_s
endif

ifeq ($(LIB_SO_SUPPORT), y)
LIBRARY=-L. -Wl,-dy -lmath_method -Wl,-dy -lgcc_s
endif

INCLUDE=-I./lib/include

CFLAGS=

TARGET=a.out

ifeq ($(LIB_SO_SUPPORT), y)

DEPEND_TARGET += libmath_method.so

endif

ifeq ($(LIB_A_SUPPORT), y)

DEPEND_TARGET += libmath_method.a

endif

LIB_SRCS=$(wildcard ./lib/src/*.c)
LIB_NDIR_SRCS=$(notdir $(LIB_SRCS))
LIB_OBJ=$(patsubst %.c, %.o, $(LIB_NDIR_SRCS))

$(TARGET): $(DEPEND_TARGET)
        gcc -o $@ main.c $(LIBRARY) $(INCLUDE) $(CFLAGS)

$(LIB_OBJ): $(LIB_SRCS)
        echo $(LIB_SRCS)  "f"$(LIB_OBJ)
        $(CC) -fPIC -c $(LIB_SRCS)

ifeq ($(LIB_A_SUPPORT), y)
libmath_method.a: $(LIB_OBJ)
        ar cr $@ $^
        ranlib $@

endif

ifeq ($(LIB_SO_SUPPORT), y)
libmath_method.so: $(LIB_OBJ)
        $(CC) -shared -o $@ $^

endif

.PHONY:
clean:
        -rm -rf *.o *.a *.so
        -rm $(TARGET)

main.c：
#include <stdio.h>

#include "math_method.h"

int main(int arc, char *argv[])
{
    printf("hello world\n");

    printf("%d + %d = %d\n", 1, 9, math_add(1, 9));

#ifdef DEBUG

    printf("Debug is defined\n");

#endif

#if DEBUG

    printf("Debug is defined as true\n");

#endif

    return 0;
}

math_method.c:
#include <stdio.h>

int math_add(int a, int b)
{
    return a + b;
}

int math_sub(int a, int b)
{
    return a - b;
}

math_method.h:
#ifndef __MATH_METHOD_H__
#define __MATH_METHOD_H__

int math_add(int a, int b);

int math_sub(int a, int b);

#endif