ABAP字符串操作 截取字符长度 取位数

ABAP对字符串的操作方法与其他语言的操作有较大差别，以下是较常用的对字符串操作的方法：

1. 字符串的连接：CONCATENATE

DATA: t1 TYPE c LENGTH 10 VALUE 'We',
t2 TYPE c LENGTH 10 VALUE 'have',
t3 TYPE c LENGTH 10 VALUE 'all',
t4 TYPE c LENGTH 10 VALUE 'the',
t5 TYPE c LENGTH 10 VALUE 'time',
t6 TYPE c LENGTH 10 VALUE 'in',
t7 TYPE c LENGTH 10 VALUE 'the',
t8 TYPE c LENGTH 10 VALUE 'world',
result TYPE string.

CONCATENATE t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7 t8 INTO result. "直接连接
CONCATENATE t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7 t8 INTO result SEPARATED BY space. "用空格将每个字符串连接

2. 拆分字符串: SPLIT

DATA: str1 TYPE string,
str2 TYPE string,
str3 TYPE string,
itab TYPE TABLE OF string,
text TYPE string.

text = `What a drag it is getting old`.
SPLIT text AT space INTO: str1 str2 str3,
TABLE itab.

3. 去除多余的空格：CONDENSE

DATA: BEGIN OF sentence,
word1 TYPE c LENGTH 30 VALUE 'She',
word2 TYPE c LENGTH 30 VALUE 'feeds',
word3 TYPE c LENGTH 30 VALUE 'you',
word4 TYPE c LENGTH 30 VALUE 'tea',
word5 TYPE c LENGTH 30 VALUE 'and',
word6 TYPE c LENGTH 30 VALUE 'oranges',
END OF sentence,
text TYPE string.

text = sentence.
CONDENSE text.“在每个连接串中间会有一个空格
CONDENSE text No-GAPS. "在后面加入NO-GAPS后，所有空格都会去除。

4.字符串转换:TRANSLATE

DATA text TYPE string.
text = `Careful with that Axe, Eugene`.
TRANSLATE text TO UPPER CASE. "转大写
TRANSLATE text TO LOWER CASE. "转小写

DATA text TYPE string.
text = `Barbcbdbarb`.
TRANSLATE text USING 'ABBAabba'.　“A与B换转 a与b换转

5.取字符串长度：STRLEN

data text type c length 20.
data: ilen type i.
text = `Barbcbdbarb`.
ilen = strlen( text ). "字符串实际长度(11)
describe field text length ilen in byte mode.　"字符串定义时的字节长度，一个长度等2个字节(40)
describe field text length ilen in character mode. "字符串定义的长度(20)

6.截取子字符串

data: text type c length 10.
data: ilen type i.
data: subtext type c length 5.
text = 'ABCDEFGHIJ'.
subtext = text+0(5). "取左边5个字符('ABCDE')
subtext = text+3(5). "从第四个字符串起取5个字符('DEFGH)
text+0(1) = 'Z'. "将第一个字符变为'Z'
注意：+两边不能有空格。