Hadoop2.6.5安装部署及环境变量配置

系统环境：

四台虚拟机

192.168.1.167 vm4.com
192.168.1.31 vm3.com
192.168.1.62 vm2.com
192.168.1.39 vm1.com

系统版本

[root@vm1 ~]# cat /etc/centos-release
CentOS Linux release 7.0.1406 (Core)

部署前准备

vm1 可以免密登陆其他三台机器

四台机器互相解析

[root@vm1 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
192.168.1.167   vm4.com
192.168.1.31    vm3.com
192.168.1.62    vm2.com
192.168.1.39    vm1.com

防火墙关闭状态

systemctl stop firewalld.service
systemctl disable firewalld.service

新建hadoop用户

useradd -u 5000 hadoop
设置密码
echo "hadoop"|passwd --stdin hadoop

JDK环境部署（四台机器都需要）：

在官网下载 jdk-8u151-linux-x64.tar.gz

tar zxvf /root/jdk-8u151-linux-x64.tar.gz
mv /root/jdk1.8.0_151 /usr/local/jdk1.8

配置环境变量

vim /etc/profile.d/java.sh
####
JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8
JAVA_BIN=/usr/local/jdk1.8/bin
JRE_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8/jre
PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/jdk1.8/bin:/usr/local/jdk1.8/jre/bin
CLASSPATH=/usr/local/jdk1.8/jre/lib:/usr/local/jdk1.8/lib:/usr/local/jdk1.8/jre/lib/charsets.jar
####
#source生效
source /etc/profile.d/java.sh

测试

[root@vm1 /]# java -version
java version "1.8.0_151"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_151-b12)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.151-b12, mixed mode)

JDK环境部署ok

Hadoop环境部署：

1.下载安装hadoop

hadoop官网：http://hadoop.apache.org

wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/hadoop/common/hadoop-2.6.5/hadoop-2.6.5.tar.gz
tar zxvf hadoop-2.6.5.tar.gz
cd hadoop-2.6.5
vim etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh
修改这一行：
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8
然后测试
[root@vm2 hadoop]# ./bin/hadoop version
Hadoop 2.6.5
Subversion https://github.com/apache/hadoop.git -r e8c9fe0b4c252caf2ebf1464220599650f119997
Compiled by sjlee on 2016-10-02T23:43Z
Compiled with protoc 2.5.0
From source with checksum f05c9fa095a395faa9db9f7ba5d754
This command was run using /usr/local/hadoop/share/hadoop/common/hadoop-common-2.6.5.jar

2.集群分布式环境配置

hadoop环境变量配置
vim ~/.bashrc
添加一行

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/hadoop/bin:/usr/local/hadoop/sbin

source 生效

source ~/.bashrc

mv hadoop-2.6.5 /usr/local/hadoop
chown -R hadoop.hadoop /usr/local/hadoop-2.6.5/

编辑配置文件

配置文件目录

[root@vm2 hadoop]# pwd
/usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop

1.编辑slaves文件

将作为 DataNode 的主机名写入该文件，每行一个

[root@vm2 hadoop]# cat slaves
vm2.com
vm3.com
vm4.com

2.编辑core-site.xml

<configuration>
        <property>
                <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
                <value>hdfs://vm1.com:9000</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
                <value>file:/usr/local/hadoop/tmp</value>
                <description>Abase for other temporary directories.</description>
        </property>
</configuration>

3.编辑hdfs-site.xml

dfs.replication 为 Slave 节点个数

<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.namenode.secondary.http-address</name>
        <value>vm1.com:50090</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.replication</name>
        <value>3</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
        <value>file:/usr/local/hadoop/tmp/dfs/name</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
        <value>file:/usr/local/hadoop/tmp/dfs/data</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

4.编辑mapred-site.xml

cp mapred-site.xml.template mapred-site.xml
<configuration>
        <property>
                <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
                <value>yarn</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.address</name>
                <value>vm1.com:10020</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.webapp.address</name>
                <value>vm1.com:19888</value>
        </property>
</configuration>

5.编辑yarn-site.xml

<configuration>
        <property>
                <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name>
                <value>vm1.com</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
                <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
        </property>
</configuration>

至此 hadoop启动所必需的配置已全部配置好

将整个hadoop目录打包用scp命令发送至其他节点

启动hadoop

首次启动需要先在 Master 节点执行 NameNode 的格式化：

hdfs namenode -format

成功的话，会看到 “successfully formatted” 和 “Exitting with status 0” 的提示，若为 “Exitting with status 1” 则是出错。

接着开启 NameNode 和 DataNode 守护进程。
以下三个脚本的存放路径在

[root@vm1 sbin]# pwd
/usr/local/hadoop/sbin

前面已经添加到了环境变量 可以直接执行

start-dfs.sh
start-yarn.sh
mr-jobhistory-daemon.sh start historyserver

通过命令 jps 可以查看各个节点所启动的进程。正确的话，在 vm1.com节点上可以看到 NameNode、ResourceManager、SecondrryNameNode、JobHistoryServer 进程如下：

[root@vm1 ~]# jps
4050 NameNode
4229 SecondaryNameNode
4663 JobHistoryServer
4378 ResourceManager
7498 Jps

在其他三个datanode节点可以看到 DataNode 和 NodeManager 进程

[root@vm2 sbin]# jps
12301 NodeManager
13358 Jps
12207 DataNode

以上 缺少任一进程都表示出错

另外还需要在 Master 节点上通过命令 hdfs dfsadmin -report 查看 DataNode 是否正常启动

[root@vm1 ~]# hdfs dfsadmin -report
Configured Capacity: 160982630400 (149.93 GB)
Present Capacity: 154752630784 (144.12 GB)
DFS Remaining: 154750676992 (144.12 GB)
DFS Used: 1953792 (1.86 MB)
DFS Used%: 0.00%
Under replicated blocks: 0
Blocks with corrupt replicas: 0
Missing blocks: 0
-------------------------------------------------
Live datanodes (3):
Name: 192.168.1.167:50010 (vm4.com)
Hostname: vm4.com
Decommission Status : Normal
Configured Capacity: 53660876800 (49.98 GB)
DFS Used: 651264 (636 KB)
Non DFS Used: 2076315648 (1.93 GB)
DFS Remaining: 51583909888 (48.04 GB)
DFS Used%: 0.00%
DFS Remaining%: 96.13%
Configured Cache Capacity: 0 (0 B)
Cache Used: 0 (0 B)
Cache Remaining: 0 (0 B)
Cache Used%: 100.00%
Cache Remaining%: 0.00%
Xceivers: 1
Last contact: Thu Nov 09 17:40:28 CST 2017
Name: 192.168.1.31:50010 (vm3.com)
Hostname: vm3.com
Decommission Status : Normal
Configured Capacity: 53660876800 (49.98 GB)
DFS Used: 651264 (636 KB)
Non DFS Used: 2076905472 (1.93 GB)
DFS Remaining: 51583320064 (48.04 GB)
DFS Used%: 0.00%
DFS Remaining%: 96.13%
Configured Cache Capacity: 0 (0 B)
Cache Used: 0 (0 B)
Cache Remaining: 0 (0 B)
Cache Used%: 100.00%
Cache Remaining%: 0.00%
Xceivers: 1
Last contact: Thu Nov 09 17:40:28 CST 2017
Name: 192.168.1.62:50010 (vm2.com)
Hostname: vm2.com
Decommission Status : Normal
Configured Capacity: 53660876800 (49.98 GB)
DFS Used: 651264 (636 KB)
Non DFS Used: 2076778496 (1.93 GB)
DFS Remaining: 51583447040 (48.04 GB)
DFS Used%: 0.00%
DFS Remaining%: 96.13%
Configured Cache Capacity: 0 (0 B)
Cache Used: 0 (0 B)
Cache Remaining: 0 (0 B)
Cache Used%: 100.00%
Cache Remaining%: 0.00%
Xceivers: 1
Last contact: Thu Nov 09 17:40:28 CST 2017