2012年 上半年 第七周 C++程序设计 （二十二）

【任务】阅读P314的例10.1（电子版的在平台上见txt文件）。该例实现了一个复数类，但是美中不足的是，复数类的实部和虚部都固定是double型的。可以通过模板类的技术手段，设计Complex，使实部和虚部的类型为定义对象时用的实际类型。
（1）要求类成员函数在类外定义。
（2）在此基础上，再实现减法、乘法和除法
你可以使用的main()函数如下。
int main( )
{	Complex<int> c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;  
	c3=c1.complex_add(c2);  
	cout<<"c1+c2="; 
	c3.display( );  
	Complex<double> c4(3.1,4.4),c5(5.34,-10.21),c6;  
	c6=c4.complex_add(c5);  
	cout<<"c4+c5="; 
	c6.display( ); 
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

附：例10.1的代码
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Complex   
{
public:
	Complex( ){real=0;imag=0;}     
	Complex(double r,double i){real=r;imag=i;} 
	Complex complex_add(Complex &c2); 
	void display( );   
private:
	double real; 
	double imag; 
};
Complex Complex::complex_add(Complex &c2)
{
	Complex c;
	c.real=real+c2.real;
	c.imag=imag+c2.imag;
	return c;
}   
void Complex::display( )   
{
	cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;
}
int main( )
{
	Complex c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;  
	c3=c1.complex_add(c2);  
	cout<<"c1="; c1.display( );  
	cout<<"c2="; c2.display( ); 
	cout<<"c1+c2="; c3.display( );  
	return 0;
}

代码

 

#include<iostream>   
using namespace std;  
template<class T>  
class Complex     
{  
public:  
    Complex( ){real=0;imag=0;}       
    Complex(T r,T i){real=r;imag=i;}   
    Complex complex_add(Complex &c2);   
    Complex complex_subtract(Complex &c2);   
    Complex complex_multiply(Complex &c2);   
    Complex complex_divide(Complex &c2);   
    void display( );     
private:  
    T real;   
    T imag;   
};
  
template <class T>  
Complex<T> Complex<T>::complex_add(Complex &c2)  
{  
    Complex c;  
    c.real=real+c2.real;  
    c.imag=imag+c2.imag;  
    return c;  
}
   
template <class T>  
Complex<T> Complex<T>::complex_subtract(Complex &c2)  
{  
    Complex c;  
    c.real=real-c2.real;  
    c.imag=imag-c2.imag;  
    return c;  
}
  
template <class T>  
Complex<T> Complex<T>::complex_multiply(Complex &c2)  
{  
    Complex c;  
    c.real=real*c2.real-imag*c2.imag;  
    c.imag=real*c2.imag+imag*c2.real;  
    return c;  
}
   
template <class T>  
Complex<T> Complex<T>::complex_divide(Complex &c2)  
{  
    Complex c,c3,c4;  
    c3.real=c2.real;  
    c3.imag=c2.imag;
	c.real=real*c3.real+imag*c3.imag;  
    c.imag=(-real*c3.imag)+imag*c3.real;    
    c4.real=c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c3.imag;  
    c.real=c.real/c4.real;  
    c.imag=c.imag/c4.real;  
    return c;  
}
    
template <class T>    
void Complex<T>::display( )     
{  
    cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;  
}
  
int main( )  
{    
	//实现加运算
    Complex<int> c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;    
    c3=c1.complex_add(c2);    
    cout<<"c1+c2=";   
    c3.display( );
    //实现减运算
    Complex<double> c4(3.1,4.4),c5(5.34,-10.21),c6;    
    c6=c4.complex_subtract(c5);    
    cout<<"c4-c5=";   
    c6.display( );   
    //实现乘运算
    Complex<double> c7(3,4.5),c8(6.3,-1.89),c9;    
    c9=c7.complex_multiply(c8);    
    cout<<"c7*c8=";   
    c9.display( );   
    //实现除运算
    Complex<double> c10(3.7,3),c11(4,5.5),c12;    
    c12=c10.complex_divide(c11);    
    cout<<"c10/c11=";   
    c12.display( );   
    system("pause");  
    return 0;  
}