linux下c/c++总结

一、简介

      对linux下C/C++代码的总结，以便以后的参考。

二、详解

1、文件重命名

 

bool rename(const char* src, const char* dst)
{
    struct stat src_stat;
    struct stat dst_stat;
    char dst_tmp[PATH_MAX];
    if (::stat(src, &src_stat) < 0)
        return false;
    int i;
    for (i = strlen(dst) - 1; i >= 0; i--)
    {
        if (dst[i] == '/')
            break;
    }
    memcpy(dst_tmp, dst, i + 1);
    dst_tmp[i + 1] = '\0';
    if (::stat(dst_tmp, &dst_stat) < 0)
        return false;
    if (src_stat.st_dev == dst_stat.st_dev) //
    {
        if (::rename(src, dst) != -1)
            return true;
        return false;
    }
    else //
    {
        string cmd = "mv ";
        cmd += src;
        cmd += " ";
        cmd += dst;
        return (::system(cmd.c_str()) != -1);
    }
}

 

2、C++读写文件

/***c++相对的文件读取方式***/
void read_db_info(string& user_name, string& password, string& connect_string)
{
  ifstream fs(".passwd");
  assert(fs != NULL);
  char ch;
  user_name = "";
  while (fs.get(ch)) {
    if (ch == '\n')
      break;
    else
      user_name += ch;
  }
  password = "";
  while (fs.get(ch)) {
    if (ch == '\n')
      break;
    else
      password += ch;
  }
  connect_string = "";
  while (fs.get(ch)) {
    if (ch == '\n')
      break;
    else
      connect_string += ch;
  }
}
void read_db_info(string& connect_string)
{
  ifstream fs(".passwd");
  assert(fs != NULL);
  char ch;
  connect_string = "";
  while (fs.get(ch)) {
    if (ch == '\n')
      break;
    else
      connect_string += ch;
  }
}
void write_db_info(const string& user_name, const string& password, const string& connect_string)
{
  ofstream fs(".passwd");
  assert(fs != NULL);
  fs << user_name << '\n';
  fs << password << '\n';
  fs << connect_string << '\n';
}

3、获取Oracle数据库序列

/************************************
OBJECT = occi.cpp
EXEC = occi

LIBS=-I$(ORACLE_HOME)/precomp/public \
     -I$(ORACLE_HOME)/rdbms/demo -I$(ORACLE_HOME)/rdbms/public
PUBFLAGS = -L$(ORACLE_HOME)/lib -L$(ORACLE_HOME)/rdbms/lib -lclntsh -locci

cc = xlC_r -q64
all:
	$(cc) -g -o $(EXEC) $(OBJECT) $(LIBS) $(PUBFLAGS)  
ok:
	./$(EXEC)
clean:
	rm -rf $(EXEC) *.o
****************************************/
#include<occi.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
using namespace oracle::occi;
unsigned int get_sequences(string name, string pw, string cons, string sn_name)
{
	Environment *env  = NULL;
	Connection *conn  = NULL;
	Statement *stmt   = NULL;
	ResultSet *rs     = NULL;
	string username   = name;
	string password   = pw;
	string connstring = cons;
	string sql        = "";
	unsigned int num  = 0;
	sql += "select " + sn_name + ".nextval from dual";
	try{
	  env = Environment::createEnvironment();
		conn = env->createConnection(username, password, connstring);
		stmt = conn->createStatement();
		
		stmt->setSQL(sql);
		rs = stmt->executeQuery();
		if (rs->next()) {
			num = rs->getUInt(1);
		}
		else {
			cout<<"get wrong id!"<<endl;
		}
    stmt->closeResultSet (rs);
	
	}catch(SQLException &ex){
		if (rs)  stmt->closeResultSet (rs);
		cout<<"error:"<<ex.what()<<endl;
  }
  conn->terminateStatement(stmt);
  env->terminateConnection(conn); 
  Environment::terminateEnvironment(env); 
  return num;
}
int main()
{
	string username  ="audit_user";
	string password="audit_user";
	string connstring="IOCS";
	string sequences_name = "ZTE_SOFT";
	unsigned int num = get_sequences(username, password, connstring, sequences_name);
	cout<<"sequence num is:"<<num<<endl;
	return 0;
}

4、守护进程的创建

（1）参考

/* 守护进程的全过程,部分代码需参考include静态库 */
#include "include.h"
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/resource.h>
int close_all_fd()          //关闭大于2的所有文件描述符
{
    struct rlimit lim;
    unsigned int i;
    if (getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &lim) < 0)  return -1;
    if (lim.rlim_cur == RLIM_INFINITY)  lim.rlim_cur = 1024;
    for (i = 3; i < lim.rlim_cur; i ++) {
        if (close(i) < 0 && errno != EBADF)  return -1;
    }
    return 0;
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    int nListenSock = -1, nLocalSock = -1, nRemoteSock = -1;
    pid_t nChild;	    	
    if (argc != 2) 							/* 命令行参数：“proxy1 本地端口” */
    {
        PrintLog(stdout, "proxy1 LOCALPORT\n");
        return 1;
    }
    /* ---------------------------父进程------------------------------- */
    /* ① 创建侦听套接字 */
    ASSERT(CreateSock(&nListenSock, atoi(argv[1]), 8) == 0);	
    PrintLog(stdout, "listen service: service is activated.");
    //InitServer();							/* ② 进程转后台运行 */
    while (1)	{
        /* ③ 等待并创建连接套接字 */
        if (!VERIFY(AcceptSock(&nLocalSock, nListenSock) == 0)) continue;	/* ③ 继续等待 */
        VERIFY((nChild = fork()) >= 0);		/* ④ 创建子进程 */
        if (nChild == 0) break;				/* 子进程跳转到子进程代码 */
        close(nLocalSock);					/* ⑤ 父进程关闭连接套接字 */
    }
    /* ---------------------------子进程------------------------------- */
    close(nListenSock);						/* ⑦ 子进程关闭侦听套接字 */
    dup2(nLocalSock, 0);
    dup2(nLocalSock, 1);
    dup2(nLocalSock, 2);
    close(nLocalSock);
    close_all_fd();
    printf("-------------begin--------------\n");
    execl("./inetd_son", "./inetd_son", 0);
    printf("------------end----------------\n");
    return 0;
}

（2）centos下守护进程

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <syslog.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/param.h>
int init_daemon()
{
    int pid;
    int i;
    signal(SIGTTOU, SIG_IGN);
    signal(SIGTTIN, SIG_IGN);
    signal(SIGTSTP, SIG_IGN);
    signal(SIGHUP, SIG_IGN);
    pid = fork();
    if (pid > 0){
        exit(0);
    }
    else if (pid < 0){
        return -1;
    }
    setsid();
    pid = fork();
    if (pid > 0){
        exit(0);
    }
    else if (pid < 0){
        return -1;
    }
    for (i = 0; i < NOFILE; close(i++));
    chdir("/");
    umask(0);
    signal(SIGCHLD, SIG_IGN);
    return 0;
}
int main()
{
    init_daemon();
    FILE *fd = fopen("/tmp/temp.log", "w+");
    while(1){
        fprintf(fd, "init_daemon is running...\n");
        fflush(fd);
        sleep(3);
     }
    fclose(fd);
    return 0;
}

注：使用root权限，文件/tmp/temp.log会不断地增加内容。

 

 

 

5、简单的加密解密

#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<cstdio>
#include <unistd.h>
using namespace std;
int  KEY_LEN = 8;
int  key[] = { 0x4A, 0x50, 0x4C, 0x53, 0x43, 0x57, 0x43, 0x44 };

void  decrypt(const char* cipher, char* text)
{
    int len = strlen(cipher) / 2;
    int tmp,i;
    for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
    {
        tmp = (cipher[i * 2] - 'a') << 4;
        tmp |= cipher[i * 2 + 1] - 'a';
        text[i] = (char)(tmp ^ key[i % KEY_LEN]);
    }
    text[len] = '\0';
}
void encrypt(const char* text, char* cipher)
{
    int len = strlen(text);
    char* ptr = cipher;
    int tmp;
    for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
    {
        tmp = static_cast<int>(text[i]) ^ key[i % KEY_LEN];
        cipher[i * 2] = ((tmp >> 4) & 0x0f) + 'a';
        cipher[i * 2 + 1] = (tmp & 0x0f) + 'a';
    }
    cipher[len * 2] = '\0';
}

int main(int arg, char ** argv){
    char pass[30] = {0};
    char text[30] = {0};
    cout << "请输入明码：";
    cin >> pass;

    encrypt(pass,text);
    cout << "密码：" << text << endl;
    decrypt(text,pass);
    cout << "明码：" << pass << endl;

    return 0;
}

6、数据压缩和解压缩（zlib库）

/**/
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <fstream>
#include <zlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
using namespace std;
typedef unsigned char* uChar_p;
typedef unsigned long uLong;
const int body_length = 81920;
int compress_body(string&boay, char file_body[])
{
    int err;
    uLong len = strlen(file_body) + 1;
    uLong boay_len = body_length + 1;
    char com[body_length+1];

    err = compress2((uChar_p)(com), &boay_len, (uChar_p)file_body, len, -1);
    if (err != Z_OK) {
        cerr << "compess error: " << err << '\n';
        return -1;
    }
    boay = com;
    cout << "{" << boay << "}" <<endl;

    char uncomp[body_length+1] ={0};
    uLong lenth = body_length + 1;
    err = uncompress((uChar_p)uncomp, &lenth, (uChar_p)com, boay_len);
    if (err != Z_OK) {
        cerr << "uncompress error:"<< err <<endl;
        return -1;
    }
    cout << "{" << uncomp << "}" <<endl;
//    FILE *fp = fopen("uncompress_body.rsp", "ab");
//    fprintf(fp, "%s",uncomp);
//    fclose(fp);
    return 0;
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    if(argc != 2 ) {
        cout<<"please input again!"<<endl;
        return -1;
    }
    char buf[97820];

    FILE *fp = fopen(argv[1], "r+");
    fseek(fp, 0, SEEK_END);
    int len = ftell(fp);
    fseek(fp, 0, SEEK_SET);
    fread(buf, 1, len+1, fp);
    //cout<<buf<<endl;

    string boay = "";
    compress_body(boay, buf);

//    FILE *write_fp = fopen("compress_body.rsp", "ab");
//    fprintf(write_fp, "%s",boay.c_str());
//    fclose(write_fp);
    return 0;
}

编译运行：

g++ -o zlib zlib_test.cpp -lz
./zlib test

 

压缩后的数据包括特殊字符，也可能包括\0，因此复制的时候要特别注意。

 

6、select使用

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/select.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <memory.h>
int main()
{
    fd_set readfds;
    struct timeval timeout;
    int ret;
    printf("fdset:%d\n", sizeof(fd_set));
    FD_ZERO(&readfds);
    FD_SET(0, &readfds);

    timeout.tv_sec = 10;
    timeout.tv_usec = 0;
    while(1)
    {
        printf("before select!\n");
        ret = select(1, &readfds, NULL, NULL, &timeout);
        printf("after select!\n");
        switch(ret)
        {
        case 0:
            printf("no data in ten seconds.\n");
            exit(0);
            break;
        case -1:
            perror("select");
            exit(1);
            break;
        default:
            getchar();
            printf("data is available now\n");
        }
    }
    return 0;
}