ListView数据异步加载图片和使用AsyncTask优化

于 2014-12-25 16:57:09 发布
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分类专栏： Android笔记
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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/tan313/article/details/42148523
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从web端解析并加载其中的图片及文字到android端。

采用异步加载技术提高图片加载效率：

下面第一个是部署在web端的一个list.xml文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<contacts>
	<contact id="1">
		<name>张飞</name>
		<image src="http://192.168.1.106:8080/SecondaryMarket/images/new-pic1.jpg"></image>
	</contact>
	<contact id="2">
		<name>关羽</name>
		<image src="http://192.168.1.106:8080/SecondaryMarket/images/i1.jpg"></image>
	</contact>
	<contact id="3">
		<name>小宁</name>
		<image src="http://192.168.1.106:8080/SecondaryMarket/images/i2.jpg"></image>
	</contact>
	<contact id="4">
		<name>拉刘</name>
		<image src="http://192.168.1.106:8080/SecondaryMarket/images/i3.jpg"></image>
	</contact>
	<contact id="5">
		<name>张三</name>
		<image src="http://192.168.1.106:8080/SecondaryMarket/images/i4.jpg"></image>
	</contact>
	<contact id="6">
		<name>李四</name>
		<image src="http://192.168.1.106:8080/SecondaryMarket/images/i5.jpg"></image>
	</contact>
	<contact id="7">
		<name>张飞</name>
		<image src="http://192.168.1.106:8080/SecondaryMarket/images/i6.jpg"></image>
	</contact>
	<contact id="8">
		<name>小宋</name>
		<image src="http://192.168.1.106:8080/SecondaryMarket/images/i1.jpg"></image>
	</contact>
	<contact id="9">
		<name>妹子</name>
		<image src="http://192.168.1.106:8080/SecondaryMarket/images/i2.jpg"></image>
	</contact>
</contacts>

其中注意src的图片路径，更换下ip地址及工程名称即可。

目的就是就是解析该xml文件读取相应的图片及文字到android端。

android端:

布局:

主布局

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context="com.example.dataasync.MainActivity" >

    <ListView
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="fill_parent"
        android:id="@+id/listView" />

</RelativeLayout>
每一个listview中选项的布局:listview_item.xml 
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="horizontal" >
    <ImageView 
        android:layout_width="120dp"
        android:layout_height="120dp"
        android:id="@+id/imageView"
        />
    <TextView 
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textSize="18sp"
        android:textColor="#000000"
        android:id="@+id/textView"
        />

</LinearLayout>

部分功能代码:

MainActivity.java:

package com.example.dataasync;

import java.io.File;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import cn.example.domain.Contact;

import com.example.adpter.ContactAdpter;
import com.example.service.ContactService;

public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {

	private ListView listView;
	File cache;
	Handler handler = new Handler(){
		@Override
		public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
			listView.setAdapter(new ContactAdpter(MainActivity.this,(List<Contact>)msg.obj,
					R.layout.listview_item,cache));
		};
	};//Handler的用法就是用于子线程与UI主线程通讯
	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
		listView = (ListView) this.findViewById(R.id.listView);
		
		cache = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),"cache");
		if(!cache.exists()){
			cache.mkdirs();
		}
		//采用异步方式得到联系人数据
		new Thread(new Runnable() {
			
			@Override
			public void run() {
				try {
					List<Contact> data = ContactService.getContacts();
					handler.sendMessage(handler.obtainMessage(22, data));
				} catch (Exception e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}).start();
	}
	@Override
	protected void onDestroy() {
		for(File file:cache.listFiles()){
			file.delete();
		}
		cache.delete();
		super.onDestroy();
	}
}

适配器ContactAdapter.java: 

package com.example.adpter;

import java.io.File;
import java.util.List;

import com.example.dataasync.R;
import com.example.service.ContactService;

import cn.example.domain.Contact;
import android.content.Context;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class ContactAdpter extends BaseAdapter{

	private List<Contact> data; 
	private int listviewItem;
	private File cache;
	LayoutInflater layoutInflater;
	public ContactAdpter(Context context,List<Contact> data, int listviewItem, File cache) {
		this.data = data;
		this.listviewItem = listviewItem;
		this.cache = cache;
		layoutInflater = (LayoutInflater) context.getSystemService(context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
	}

	@Override
	public int getCount() {
		return data.size();
	}

	@Override
	public Object getItem(int position) {
		return data.get(position);
	}

	@Override
	public long getItemId(int position) {
		return position;
	}

	@Override
	public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
		ImageView imageView;
		TextView textView;
		if(convertView == null){
			convertView = layoutInflater.inflate(listviewItem, null);
		    imageView = (ImageView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.imageView);
			textView = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.textView);
			convertView.setTag(new DataWraper(imageView, textView));
		}else{
			DataWraper dataWraper = (DataWraper) convertView.getTag();
			imageView = dataWraper.imageView;
			textView = dataWraper.textView;
		}
		Contact contact = data.get(position);
		System.out.println(contact.name+":"+contact.image);
		textView.setText(contact.name);//这是设置textview控件
		//设置imageview控件
		asycImageLoad(imageView,contact.image);
		return convertView;
	}
	private void asycImageLoad(final ImageView imageView, final String path) {
		//执行在主线程中，往主线程中的队列中添加消息
		final Handler handler = new Handler(){//
			@Override
			public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
				Uri uri = (Uri) msg.obj;
				if(uri!=null && imageView!=null){
					imageView.setImageURI(uri);
				}
			}
		};
		Runnable runnable = new Runnable() {
			
			@Override
			public void run() {
				try {
					System.out.println("tdw");
					Uri uri = ContactService.getImage(path, cache);
					System.out.println("uri"+uri);
					//在子线程中通过handler往主线程添加消息
					handler.sendMessage(handler.obtainMessage(10,uri));
				} catch (Exception e) {
					// TODO Auto-generated catch block
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		};
		new Thread(runnable).start();
	}
	public final class DataWraper{
		public ImageView imageView;
		public TextView textView;
		public DataWraper(ImageView imageView, TextView textView) {
			this.imageView = imageView;
			this.textView = textView;
		}
	}
}

进一步优化，如果数据量太多，线程开的太多，会导致程序崩溃的，优化采用AsyncTask(Handler+Thread+线程池)实现。

修改ContactAdapter.java:

package com.example.adpter;

import java.io.File;
import java.util.List;

import com.example.dataasync.R;
import com.example.service.ContactService;

import cn.example.domain.Contact;
import android.content.Context;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class ContactAdpter extends BaseAdapter{

	private List<Contact> data; 
	private int listviewItem;
	private File cache;
	LayoutInflater layoutInflater;
	public ContactAdpter(Context context,List<Contact> data, int listviewItem, File cache) {
		this.data = data;
		this.listviewItem = listviewItem;
		this.cache = cache;
		layoutInflater = (LayoutInflater) context.getSystemService(context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
	}

	@Override
	public int getCount() {
		return data.size();
	}

	@Override
	public Object getItem(int position) {
		return data.get(position);
	}

	@Override
	public long getItemId(int position) {
		return position;
	}

	@Override
	public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
		ImageView imageView;
		TextView textView;
		if(convertView == null){
			convertView = layoutInflater.inflate(listviewItem, null);
		    imageView = (ImageView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.imageView);
			textView = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.textView);
			convertView.setTag(new DataWraper(imageView, textView));
		}else{
			DataWraper dataWraper = (DataWraper) convertView.getTag();
			imageView = dataWraper.imageView;
			textView = dataWraper.textView;
		}
		Contact contact = data.get(position);
		System.out.println(contact.name+":"+contact.image);
		textView.setText(contact.name);//这是设置textview控件
		//设置imageview控件
		asycImageLoad(imageView,contact.image);
		return convertView;
	}
	
	//采用AsyncTask(Handler+Thread+线程池)
	private void asycImageLoad(ImageView imageView, String path) {
		AsyncImageTask asyncImageTask = new AsyncImageTask(imageView);
		asyncImageTask.execute(path);
	}

	public final class AsyncImageTask extends AsyncTask<String, Integer, Uri>{

		private ImageView imageView;
		public AsyncImageTask(ImageView imageView) {
			this.imageView = imageView;
		}

		@Override
		protected Uri doInBackground(String... params) {//运行在子线程中
			try {
				return ContactService.getImage(params[0], cache);
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			};
			return null;
		}
		//处理后的结果传给该方法进行处理
		@Override
		protected void onPostExecute(Uri result) {//运行在主线程中个，该机制内部自带线程数和handler对象
			if(result!=null && imageView!=null){
				imageView.setImageURI(result);
			}
		}
	}
	/*
	private void asycImageLoad(final ImageView imageView, final String path) {
		//执行在主线程中，往主线程中的队列中添加消息
		final Handler handler = new Handler(){//
			@Override
			public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
				Uri uri = (Uri) msg.obj;
				if(uri!=null && imageView!=null){
					imageView.setImageURI(uri);
				}
			}
		};
		Runnable runnable = new Runnable() {
			
			@Override
			public void run() {
				try {
					System.out.println("tdw");
					Uri uri = ContactService.getImage(path, cache);
					System.out.println("uri"+uri);
					//在子线程中通过handler往主线程添加消息
					handler.sendMessage(handler.obtainMessage(10,uri));
				} catch (Exception e) {
					// TODO Auto-generated catch block
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		};
		new Thread(runnable).start();
	}*/
	public final class DataWraper{
		public ImageView imageView;
		public TextView textView;
		public DataWraper(ImageView imageView, TextView textView) {
			this.imageView = imageView;
			this.textView = textView;
		}
	}
}


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