Wow! Such String!

Wow! Such String!

Time Limit: 2000/1000 MS (Java/Others)    Memory Limit: 32768/32768 K (Java/Others)
Total Submission(s): 137    Accepted Submission(s): 42
Special Judge

Problem Description

Recently, doge starts to get interested in a strange problem: whether there exists a string A following all the rules below:

1.The length of the string A is N .
2.The string A contains only lowercase English alphabet letters.
3.Each substring of A with length equal to or larger than 4 can appear in the string exactly once.

Doge cannot solve the problem, so he turns to his brother Yuege for help. However, Yuege is busy setting problems. Would you please help doge solve this problem?

 

Input

There are several test cases, please process till EOF.
For each test case, there will be one line containing one integer N (1 ≤ N ≤ 500000). 
Sum of all N will not exceed 5000000.

 

Output

For each case, please output one line consisting a valid string if such a string exists, or “Impossible” (without quotes) otherwise. You can output any string if there are multiple valid ones.

 

Sample Input

  
  

   
   5
3
11
10
6
17
8
  
  

 

Sample Output

  
  

   
   pwned
wow
suchproblem
manystring
soeasy
muchlinearalgebra
abcdabch
  
  

 

Source

2014西安全国邀请赛

题目大意：

给你一个整数n，让你输出一个字符串。必须满足以下条件：
          1.字符串的长度为n。
          2.这个字符串只包含小写字母。
          3.字符串中长度大于等于4的子串最多只能出现一次。
          如果无解输出Impossible。

        开始看见这题感觉没什么，只是数据有点大而已，在比赛的时候没得到正确的答案，也没仔细去研究。

刚开始想就4个不一样，我直接随机函数，让系统去自己做，但由于概率问题，不好说。出现wa，这个方法是行不通的（对于本题）。（上次听学长讲他之前在参加一次比赛的过程中用随机函数过了一题）这个方法不深究了

       我之前想到过dfs等方法，但没实现。今天看了一个大神的题解发先我昨天想过，就没实现。我也想手动推导一下。思路就先打表，把每个序列存好，先按：aaaabbbbccccddddeeeeffffgggghhhhiiiijjjjkkkkllllmmmmnnnnooooppppqqqqrrrrss存，然后枚举所有的字母......yyyyzzzz   abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz   abdefhijlmnpqrtuvxyz   bcdfghjklnoprstvwxz  abefgijkmnoqrsuvwyz    acdeghiklmopqstuwxy  abcefgjklopqtuvyz  adefijknopstuxyz

最后发现最大长度为：26*26*26*26+3 = 456979

看见那位大牛的猜想，好像很有道理：

       可以有x个不同字符的长度大于等于m(m <= x)的子串最多只能出现一次的主串的最长长度可以达到(x ^ m) + m - 1。

#include<iostream>
#include<fstream>
#include<iomanip>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<cmath>
#include<set>
#include<map>
#include<queue>
#include<stack>
#include<string>
#include<vector>
#include<sstream>
#include<cassert>
using namespace std;
//#define LL __int64

#ifdef __int64
typedef __int64 LL;
#else
typedef long long LL;
#endif
#define M 500005
#define N 26
char a[M];

int b[M];
bool vis[N][N][N][N];
int l=0;

void init() {
    int ok=1;
    memset(vis,0,sizeof(vis));

    for(int i=0; i<N; i++) {
        b[l]=b[l+1]=b[l+2]=b[l+3]=i;
        l+=4;
    }
    for(int i=3; i<l; i++) {
        vis[b[i]][b[i-1]][b[i-2]][b[i-3]]=1;
    }
    while(ok) {
        ok=0;
        for(int i=0; i<N; i++) {
            if(!vis[i][b[l-1]][b[l-2]][b[l-3]]) {
                b[l]=i;
                vis[b[l]][b[l-1]][b[l-2]][b[l-3]]=1;
                ok=1;
                l++;
            }
        }
    }
}

int main() {
    init();
    int n;
    while(cin>>n){
        if(n>l){
            puts("Impossible");
        }
        else{
            for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
                printf("%c",b[i]+97);
            }
            printf("\n");
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

/*
void init() {
    for(int i=0; i<=456979; i++) {
        int t=rand()%26;
        int t1=rand()%26;
        char c=(t+t1)/2+'a';
        a[i]=c;
    }
}

int main() {
    init();
    int n;
    while(scanf("%d",&n)!=EOF) {
        if(n>456979) {
            puts("Impossible");
        } else {
            for(int i=0; i<n; i++) {
                printf("%c",a[i]);
            }
            printf("\n");
        }
    }
    return 0;
}
*/