Tomcat
tomcat简介
Tomcat简单的说就是一个运行java的网络服务器,底层是socket的一个程序,它也是jsp和serlvet的一个容器。
Tomcat是一款Apache下面的开源的Servlet容器,实现了对Servlet和JSP规范的支持。另外 Tomcat 本身内含了一个 HTTP 服务器,所以也可以被当作一个 Web 服务器来使用。但是Tomcat作为一个Web服务器,它对静态资源的处理能力要比Apache或者Nginx这类的Web服务器差很多,所以我们经常将Apache和Tomcat(或者是Nginx和Tomcat)组合使用,Apache来充当Web服务器处理静态资源的请求,Tomcat充当Servlet容器来处理动态请求。
常见的中间件:
一般本地开发的话,小项目,建议使用tomcat;
linux系统建议使用jetty或apache hpppd;
大型的项目就用JBOSS或webloigc;
大项目或者商业项目一般采用:weblgoic/webshere,其他的还有jboss、glasshfish等;
一些示例项目或者小项目常采用jetty;
tomcat , jboss, weblogic, websphere 一般项目tomcat就可以了。
部署Tomcat
必备:关闭防火墙和selinux
安装java
[root@tyx ~]# yum -y install java-11-openjdk
解压到tomcat到/usr/local/目录下
[root@tyx ~]# wget https://downloads.apache.org/tomcat/tomcat-10/v10.0.23/bin/apache-tomcat-10.0.23.tar.gz
[root@tyx ~]# tar -xzf apache-tomcat-10.0.23.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@tyx ~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@tyx local]# ln -s apache-tomcat-10.0.23/ tomcat
[root@tyx local]#
[root@tyx local]# mkdir /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/test
[root@tyx local]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/test
[root@tyx test]# ls
[root@tyx test]# vim index.jsp
[root@tyx test]# cat index.jsp
<html>
<head>
<title>test page</title>
</head>
<body>
<%
out.println("Hello World");
%>
%</body>
%</html>
[root@tyx test]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/
[root@tyx tomcat]# bin/startup.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Using CATALINA_OPTS:
Tomcat started.
[root@tyx tomcat]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 1 [::ffff:127.0.0.1]:8005 *:*
LISTEN 0 100 *:8080 *:
访问:
此时host manager无法访问
拓展1:
访问Host Manager界面
配置tomcat-users.xml文件,在行上面添加两行,设置角色,登录用户名和密码,角色名称只能是admin-gui 用户名和密码自定义
[root@tyx tomcat]# vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/tomcat-users.xml
[root@tyx tomcat]#
<role rolename="admin-gui"/>
<user username="tomcat" password="123456" roles="admin-gui"/>
</tomcat-users>
配置host-manager/META-INF/context.xml文件,允许192.168.245.0/24网段访问,在allow字段后添加
[root@tyx ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/host-manager/META-INF/context.xml
<Context antiResourceLocking="false" privileged="true" >
<CookieProcessor className="org.apache.tomcat.util.http.Rfc6265CookieProcessor"
sameSiteCookies="strict" />
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteAddrValve"
allow="192\.168\.245\.\d+|127\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+|::1|0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1" />
<Manager sessionAttributeValueClassNameFilter="java\.lang\.(?:Boolean|Integer|Long|Number|String)|org\.apache\.catalina\.filters\.CsrfPreventionFilter\$LruCache(?:\$1)?|java\.util\.(?:Linked)?HashMap"/>
</Context>
重启服务
[root@tyx ~]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh stop
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Using CATALINA_OPTS:
NOTE: Picked up JDK_JAVA_OPTIONS: --add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.io=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport=ALL-UNNAMED
[root@tyx ~]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh start
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Using CATALINA_OPTS:
Tomcat started.
登录网页测试登录Host Manager 输入对应的用户名和密码
此时server status也无法访问
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编辑tomcat-user.xml
[root@tyx ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/tomcat-users.xml
<role rolename="admin-gui"/>
<role rolename="manager-gui"/>
<user username="tomcat" password="123456" roles="admin-gui,manager-gui"/>
编辑manager/META-INF/context.xml,在allow字段添加允许192.168.245.0/24网段访问
<Context antiResourceLocking="false" privileged="true" >
<CookieProcessor className="org.apache.tomcat.util.http.Rfc6265CookieProcessor"
sameSiteCookies="strict" />
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteAddrValve"
allow="192\.168\.245\.\d+|127\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+|::1|0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1" />
<Manager sessionAttributeValueClassNameFilter="java\.lang\.(?:Boolean|Integer|Long|Number|String)|org\.apache\.catalina\.filters\.CsrfPreventionFilter\$LruCache(?:\$1)?|java\.util\.(?:Linked)?HashMap"/>
</Context>
重启服务,先关服务,再启服务
[root@tyx ~]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh stop
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Using CATALINA_OPTS:
NOTE: Picked up JDK_JAVA_OPTIONS: --add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.io=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport=ALL-UNNAMED
[root@tyx ~]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh start
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Using CATALINA_OPTS:
Tomcat started.
访问: