Linux进程间通信之共享内存+信号量

可以用于非父子关系的进程；在Linux所有的进程间通信方式中只有无名管道限定在父子进程间通信。

1.进程A

/*
int segment_id = shmget (shm_key, int size , shmflag ); 
//shm_key 无亲源关系的进程通过该key值对应
//size 申请共享内存的大小
//shmflag IPC_CREAT:指定key的内存；IPC_EXCL：不用指定。
pst= shmat(segment_id, NULL, 0)；
//segment_id 前部创建的共享内存
//NULL 由Linux系统自动映射地址
//内存读写权限
 shmctl(iShm_id,IPC_RMID,0)；
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>

#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/sem.h>

//信号量
struct sembuf p1 = {0,-1,0}, p2 = {1,-1,0}, v1 = {0,1,0}, v2 = {1,1,0};
//信号量

int main(){
  key_t key;
  int shmid;
  char *p_addr;
/*获得key*/
  if((key = ftok("/home/lianxi/shemem/1.c", 1)) < 0){
    printf("ftok error:%s\n", strerror(errno));
    return -1;
  }
/*创建*/
  if((shmid = shmget(key,1024,IPC_CREAT|S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR)) == -1){
    printf("create share memory error:%s\n",strerror(errno));
    exit(1);
  }
/*绑定*/
  p_addr = (char *)shmat(shmid,NULL,0);
  memset(p_addr,0,1024);
  //char *input;  input = (char *)malloc(1024);
  char input[1024]; int test;
//信号量
  int semid;
  if((semid = semget(key,2,IPC_CREAT|S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR)) < 0) 
    printf("create sem error:%s\n",strerror(errno));
  if(semctl(semid,0,SETVAL,0) < 0) 
    printf("semctl error:%s\n",strerror(errno));
  if(semctl(semid,1,SETVAL,1) < 0)
    printf("semctl error:%s\n",strerror(errno));
//信号量
  do{
    printf("************start test mem share***************\n");
    printf("0 is exit!\n");
    gets(input);
    test = input[0] - '0';
    semop(semid,&v1,1);
    strncpy(p_addr,input,1024);
    semop(semid,&p2,1);
  }while(test);
/*释放*/
  if(shmctl(shmid,IPC_RMID,0)<0){
    printf("共享内存释放出错!!\n");
    return(-1);
  }
  else printf("释放共享内存成功!\n");
  if(semctl(semid,IPC_RMID,0) < 0)
    printf("semctl error:%s\n",strerror(errno));   
}

gcc -o 1 1.c

************start test mem share***************
0 is exit!
adfda
************start test mem share***************

2.进程B

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>

#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/sem.h>

//信号量
struct sembuf p1 = {0,-1,0}, p2 = {1,-1,0}, v1 = {0,1,0}, v2 = {1,1,0};
//信号量

int main(){
  key_t key;
  int shmid;
  char *c_addr;
/*获得key*/
  if((key = ftok("/home/lianxi/shemem/1.c", 1)) < 0){
    printf("ftok error:%s\n", strerror(errno));
    return -1;
  }
/*创建*/
  if((shmid = shmget(key,1024,IPC_CREAT|S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR)) == -1){
    printf("create share memory error:%s\n",strerror(errno));
    exit(1);
  }
/*绑定*/
  c_addr = shmat(shmid,NULL,0);
//信号量
  int semid;
  if((semid = semget(key,2,IPC_CREAT|S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR)) < 0) 
    printf("create sem error:%s\n",strerror(errno));
  if(semctl(semid,0,SETVAL,0) < 0) 
    printf("semctl error:%s\n",strerror(errno));
  if(semctl(semid,1,SETVAL,1) < 0)
    printf("semctl error:%s\n",strerror(errno));
//信号量
  do{
    semop(semid,&p1,1);
    printf("Client get %s\n",c_addr);
    semop(semid,&v2,1);
  }while(1);
/*释放*/
  if(shmctl(shmid,IPC_RMID,0)<0){
    printf("共享内存释放出错!!\n");
    return(-1);
  }
  else printf("释放共享内存成功!\n");
  if(semctl(semid,IPC_RMID,0) < 0)
    printf("semctl error:%s\n",strerror(errno));  
}

gcc -o 2 2.c

Client get adfda