OpenBSD区

本节内容：

OpenBSD的两个内核配置文件
OpenBSD .cshrc for tcsh 
OpenBSD简单中文汉化
解决无权限及sudo的问题
CVS源码编译内核
OpenBSD如何启动服务
使OpenBSD兼容linux和FreeBSD
OpenBSD上安装Fictx输入法
OpenBSD内核编译和优化

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OpenBSD的两个内核配置文件

1、/usr/src/sys/arch/i386/conf/NEOLKC
#    $OpenBSD: GENERIC,v 1.431 2005/08/16 16:40:48 deraadt Exp $
#
# For further information on compiling OpenBSD kernels, see the config(8)
# man page.
#
# For further information on hardware support for this architecture, see
# the intro(4) man page.  For further information about kernel options
# for this architecture, see the options(4) man page.  For an explanation
# of each device driver in this file see the section 4 man page for the
# device.

machine        i386
include        "../../../conf/NEOLKC2"
maxusers    32            # estimated number of users

#option        I386_CPU    # CPU classes; at least one is REQUIRED
#option        I486_CPU
#option        I586_CPU
option        I686_CPU
#option        GPL_MATH_EMULATE    # floating point emulation.

option        USER_PCICONF    # user-space PCI configuration

#option        VM86        # Virtual 8086 emulation
option        USER_LDT    # user-settable LDT; see i386_set_ldt(2)
option        APERTURE    # in-kernel aperture driver for XFree86

#option        KGDB        # Remote debugger support; exclusive of DDB
#option        "KGDB_DEVNAME=/"pccom/"",KGDBADDR=0x2f8,KGDBRATE=9600

option        DUMMY_NOPS    # speed hack; recommended

# USERDEF  user defined
option          UVM             # expert virtual memory system
#option          NMBCLUSTERS="8192"      # exalt network pace & enhancement kernel stability
option          BUFCACHEPERCENT=45      # hold 45% system memory as file system cache

#option        COMPAT_SVR4    # binary compatibility with SVR4
#option        COMPAT_IBCS2    # binary compatibility with SCO and ISC
option        COMPAT_LINUX    # binary compatibility with Linux
option        COMPAT_FREEBSD    # binary compatibility with FreeBSD
#option        COMPAT_BSDOS    # binary compatibility with BSD/OS
option        COMPAT_AOUT    # a.out binaries are emulated

#option        NTFS        # Experimental NTFS support

# or use        root on nfs swap on nfs
config        bsd    swap generic

mainbus0 at root

cpu0    at mainbus?
bios0    at mainbus0
apm0    at bios0 flags 0x0000    # flags 0x0101 to force protocol version 1.1
pcibios0 at bios0 flags 0x0000    # use 0x30 for a total verbose

isa0    at mainbus0
isa0    at pcib?
isa0    at ichpcib?
#isa0    at gscpcib?
eisa0    at mainbus0
pci*    at mainbus0

#acpi0    at mainbus?
#acpitimer* at acpi?
#hpet*    at acpi?

option        ACPIVERBOSE
#option        ACPI_ENABLE

option        PCIVERBOSE
option        EISAVERBOSE
option        USBVERBOSE

pchb*    at pci?            # PCI-Host bridges
ppb*    at pci?            # PCI-PCI bridges
pci*    at ppb?
pci*    at pchb?
pcib*    at pci?            # PCI-ISA bridge
ichpcib* at pci?        # Intel ICHx/ICHx-M LPC bridges
#gscpcib* at pci?        # NS Geode SC1100 PCI-ISA bridge
#gpio*    at gscpcib?

# power management and other environmental stuff
#amdpm*    at pci?            # AMD768MPX
#elansc*    at pci?            # AMD Elan SC520 System Controller
#gpio*    at elansc?
#geodesc* at pci?        # Geode SC1100/SCx200 IAOC
#piixpm* at pci?        # Intel PIIX PM
gscpm*    at pci?            # NS Geode SC1100 SMI/ACPI module
#ichwdt* at pci?        # Intel 6300ESB ICH watchdog timer

# National Semiconductor LM7[89] and compatible hardware monitors
#lm0    at isa? port 0x290
#lm1    at isa? port 0x280
#lm2    at isa? port 0x310
#nsclpcsio* at isa? port 0x2e        # NS PC87366 LPC Super I/O
#nsclpcsio* at isa? port 0x4e
#gpio*    at nsclpcsio?
#gscsio*    at isa?    port 0x2e        # NS Geode SC1100 Super I/O
#gscsio*    at isa?    port 0x15c
#iic0    at gscsio?            # ACCESS.bus 1
#iic1    at gscsio?            # ACCESS.bus 2
#lmtemp0    at iic1 addr 0x48        # NS LM75/LM77 temperature sensor

#it0    at isa? port 0x290        # IT8705F, IT8712F and SiS970 hardware
                    # monitors
#viaenv*    at pci?                # VIA VT82C686A hardware monitor
#viasio*    at isa? port 0x2e flags 0x0000    # VIA VT1211 LPC Super I/O
#viasio*    at isa? port 0x4e flags 0x0000
#aps0    at isa? port 0x1600        # ThinkPad Active Protection System

# ISA PCMCIA controllers
#option PCMCIAVERBOSE
#pcic0    at isa? port 0x3e0 iomem 0xd0000 iosiz 0x10000
#pcic1    at isa? port 0x3e2 iomem 0xe0000 iosiz 0x4000
#pcic2    at isa? port 0x3e4 iomem 0xe0000 iosiz 0x4000
#tcic0    at isa? disable port 0x240 iomem 0xd0000 iosiz 0x10000

# ISA Plug-and-Play PCMCIA controllers
#option DEBUG_ISAPNP
#pcic*    at isapnp?

# PCI PCMCIA controllers
#pcic*    at pci?

# PCMCIA bus support
#pcmcia*    at pcic?
#pcmcia* at tcic?

# CardBus bus support
#cardbus*    at cardslot?
#pcmcia*        at cardslot?
#cbb*        at pci?
#cardslot*    at cbb?

# USB Controllers
#ehci*    at pci?                # Enhanced Host Controller
#ehci*    at cardbus?            # Enhanced Host Controller
uhci*    at pci?                # Universal Host Controller (Intel)
#ohci*    at pci?                # Open Host Controller
#ohci*    at cardbus?            # Open Host Controller

# USB bus support
#usb*    at ehci?
usb*    at uhci?
#usb*    at ohci?

# USB devices
uhub*    at usb?            # USB Hubs
uhub*    at uhub?        # USB Hubs
#umodem*    at uhub?        # USB Modems/Serial
#ucom*    at umodem?
#uvisor*    at uhub?        # Handspring Visor
#ucom*    at uvisor?
#uvscom*    at uhub?        # SUNTAC Slipper U VS-10U serial
#ucom*    at uvscom?
#ubsa*    at uhub?        # Belkin serial adapter
#ucom*    at ubsa?
#uftdi*    at uhub?        # FTDI FT8U100AX serial adapter
#ucom*    at uftdi?
#uplcom* at uhub?        # I/O DATA USB-RSAQ2 serial adapter
#ucom*    at uplcom?
#umct*    at uhub?        # MCT USB-RS232 serial adapter
#ucom*    at umct?
#uipaq*    at uhub?        # iPAQ serial adapter
#ucom*    at uipaq?
#uaudio* at uhub?        # USB Audio
#audio*    at uaudio?
#umidi*    at uhub?        # USB MIDI
#midi*    at umidi?
#ulpt*    at uhub?        # USB Printers
umass*    at uhub?        # USB Mass Storage devices
#scsibus* at umass?
atapiscsi* at umass?
uhidev*    at uhub?        # Human Interface Devices
ums*    at uhidev?        # USB mouse
wsmouse* at ums? mux 0
ukbd*    at uhidev?        # USB keyboard
wskbd*    at ukbd? mux 1
uhid*    at uhidev?        # USB generic HID support
#aue*    at uhub?        # ADMtek AN986 Pegasus Ethernet
#atu*    at uhub?        # Atmel AT76c50x based 802.11b
#axe*    at uhub?        # ASIX Electronics AX88172 USB Ethernet
#cue*    at uhub?        # CATC USB-EL1201A based Ethernet
#kue*    at uhub?        # Kawasaki KL5KUSB101B based Ethernet
#cdce*    at uhub?        # CDC Ethernet
#upl*    at uhub?        # Prolific PL2301/PL2302 host-to-host `network'
#udav*    at uhub?        # Davicom DM9601 based Ethernet
#url*    at uhub?        # Realtek RTL8150L based adapters
#wi*    at uhub?        # WaveLAN IEEE 802.11DS
#urio*    at uhub?        # Diamond Multimedia Rio 500
#uscanner* at uhub?        # USB Scanners
#usscanner* at uhub?        # USB SCSI scanners, e.g., HP5300
#scsibus* at usscanner?
#uyap*    at uhub?        # Y@P firmware loader
#udsbr*    at uhub?        # D-Link DSB-R100 radio
#radio*    at udsbr?        # USB radio
#ubt*    at uhub?        # USB Bluetooth
ugen*    at uhub?        # USB Generic driver
#ural*    at uhub?        # Ralink RT2500
#option    NATM
#ueagle* at uhub?        # Analog Devices Eagle ADSL
puc*    at pci?            # PCI "universal" communication device

npx0    at isa? port 0xf0 irq 13    # math coprocessor
isadma0    at isa?
isapnp0    at isa?

option    WSDISPLAY_COMPAT_USL        # VT handling
option    WSDISPLAY_COMPAT_RAWKBD        # can get raw scancodes
option    WSDISPLAY_DEFAULTSCREENS=6
option    WSDISPLAY_COMPAT_PCVT        # emulate some ioctls

pckbc0        at isa?        # PC keyboard controller
pckbd*        at pckbc?    # PC keyboard
pms*        at pckbc?    # PS/2 mouse for wsmouse
pmsi*        at pckbc?    # PS/2 "Intelli"mouse for wsmouse
vga0        at isa?
option        PCIAGP
vga*        at pci?
pcdisplay0    at isa?        # CGA, MDA, EGA, HGA
wsdisplay*    at vga?
wsdisplay*    at pcdisplay?
wskbd*        at pckbd? mux 1
wsmouse*    at pms? mux 0
wsmouse*    at pmsi? mux 0

pcppi0        at isa?
sysbeep0    at pcppi?

pccom0    at isa? port 0x3f8 irq 4    # standard PC serial ports
pccom1    at isa? port 0x2f8 irq 3
pccom2    at isa? port 0x3e8 irq 5
#pccom3    at isa? port 0x2e8 irq 9    # (conflicts with some video cards)
#ast0    at isa? port 0x1a0 irq 5    # AST 4-port serial card
#ast1    at isa? port 0x2a0 irq 6    # 2nd AST 4-port serial card
#pccom*    at ast?
#boca0    at isa? port 0x100 irq 5    # BOCA 8-port serial cards
#pccom*    at boca?
#addcom0    at isa? port 0x108 irq 5    # Addonics FlexPort
#pccom*    at addcom?
#rtfps0    at isa? port 0x1230 irq 10    # RT 4-port serial cards
#pccom*    at rtfps?
#hsq0    at isa? port 0x140 irq 10    # Hostess 4-port serial card
#pccom*    at hsq?
#pccom*    at pcmcia?            # PCMCIA modems/serial ports
#pccom*    at isapnp?
#pccom*    at puc?
#pccom*    at cardbus?

# option for using CD1400 handshaking for incoming data
# requires a special cable that exchanges the RTS and DTR lines
# options CY_HW_RTS
#cy0    at isa? iomem 0xd4000 irq 12    # ISA cyclom serial card
#cy*    at pci?                # PCI cyclom serial card
#cz*    at pci?                # Cyclades-Z multi-port serial boards

#lpt0    at isa? port 0x378 irq 7    # standard PC parallel ports
#lpt1    at isa? port 0x278
#lpt2    at isa? port 0x3bc
#lpt*    at puc?

#lms0    at isa? port 0x23c irq 5    # Logitech bus mouse
#lms1    at isa? port 0x238 irq 5
#mms0    at isa? port 0x23c irq 5    # Microsoft InPort mouse
#mms1    at isa? port 0x238 irq 5

#wsmouse*    at lms? mux 0
#wsmouse*    at mms? mux 0

bha0    at isa? port 0x330        # BusLogic [57]4X SCSI controllers
bha1    at isa? disable port 0x334    # BusLogic [57]4X SCSI controllers
bha2    at isa? disable
bha*    at pci?
#bha*    at eisa?        # XXX eisa still runs in isa-compat
scsibus* at bha?
#aha0    at isa? port 0x330    # Adaptec 154[02] SCSI controllers
#aha1    at isa? port 0x334    # Adaptec 154[02] SCSI controllers
#aha*    at isapnp?
#scsibus* at aha?
#ahb*    at eisa?        # Adaptec 174[024] SCSI controllers
#scsibus* at ahb?
#ahc0    at isa?            # Adaptec 284x SCSI controllers
#ahc*    at eisa?        # Adaptec 274x, aic7770 SCSI controllers
#ahc*    at pci?            # Adaptec 2940/3940/78?? SCSI controllers
#scsibus* at ahc?
#ahd*    at pci?            # Adaptec 79?? SCSI controllers
#scsibus* at ahd?
#mpt*    at pci?            # LSI Fusion-MPT SCSI/Fibre
#scsibus* at mpt?
#dpt*    at pci?            # DPT SmartCache/SmartRAID PCI
#dpt*    at eisa?        # DPT SmartCache/SmartRAID EISA
#scsibus* at dpt?
#gdt*    at pci?            # ICP Vortex GDT RAID controllers
#scsibus* at gdt?
#twe*    at pci?            # 3ware Escalade RAID controllers
#scsibus* at twe?
#aac*    at pci?            # Adaptec FSA RAID controllers
#scsibus* at aac?
#ami*    at pci?            # AMI MegaRAID controllers
#scsibus* at ami?
#cac*    at pci?            # Compaq Smart ARRAY [234]* RAID controllers
#cac*    at eisa?
#scsibus* at cac?
#ciss*    at pci?            # Compaq Smart ARRAY [56]* RAID controllers
#scsibus* at ciss?
#iha*    at pci?            # Initio Ultra/UltraWide SCSI controllers
#scsibus* at iha?
#isp*    at pci?            # Qlogic ISP [12]0x0 SCSI/FibreChannel
#scsibus* at isp?
#aic0    at isa? port 0x340 irq 11 # Adaptec 152[02] SCSI controllers
#aic*    at pcmcia?        # PCMCIA based aic SCSI controllers
#aic*    at isapnp?        # isapnp configured aic SCSI controllers
#scsibus* at aic?
#esp*    at pcmcia?        # PCMCIA based NCR 53C9X SCSI
#scsibus* at esp?
#siop*    at pci?            # NCR 538XX SCSI controllers(new)
#scsibus* at siop?
#adv*    at pci?            # AdvanSys 1200A/B and ULTRA SCSI
#scsibus* at adv?
#adw*    at pci?            # AdvanSys ULTRA WIDE SCSI
#scsibus* at adw?
pcscp*    at pci?            # AMD 53c974 PCscsi-PCI SCSI
scsibus* at pcscp?
#sea0    at isa? disable iomem 0xc8000 irq 5 # Seagate ST0[12] SCSI controllers
#scsibus* at sea?
#trm*    at pci?            # Tekram DC-3x5U SCSI Controllers
#scsibus* at trm?
#uha0    at isa? port 0x330    # UltraStor [13]4f SCSI controllers
#uha1    at isa? disable port 0x334 # UltraStor [13]4f SCSI controllers
#uha*    at eisa?        # UltraStor 24f SCSI controllers
#scsibus* at uha?
#wds0    at isa? disable port 0x350 irq 15 drq 6    # WD7000 and TMC-7000 controllers
#wds1    at isa? port 0x358 irq 11 drq 5
#scsibus* at wds?

sd*    at scsibus?        # SCSI disk drives
#st*    at scsibus?        # SCSI tape drives
cd*    at scsibus?        # SCSI CD-ROM drives
#ch*    at scsibus?        # SCSI autochangers
#ss*    at scsibus?        # SCSI scanners
#safte*    at scsibus?        # SCSI accessed fault-tolerant enclosures
#ses*    at scsibus?        # SCSI enclosure services
uk*    at scsibus?        # unknown SCSI

#fdc0    at isa? port 0x3f0 irq 6 drq 2    # standard PC floppy controllers
#fdc1    at isa? port 0x370
#fd*    at fdc? flags 0x00

#mcd0    at isa? port 0x300 irq 10    # Mitsumi CD-ROM drives

# IDE controllers
pciide* at pci? flags 0x0000

wdc0    at isa? port 0x1f0 irq 14 flags 0x00
wdc1    at isa? port 0x170 irq 15 flags 0x00
#wdc*    at pcmcia?
wdc*    at isapnp?

# IDE hard drives
wd*    at wdc? flags 0x0000
wd*    at pciide? flags 0x0000

# ATAPI<->SCSI
atapiscsi* at wdc?
atapiscsi* at pciide?
scsibus* at atapiscsi?

#wt0    at isa? port 0x308 irq 5 drq 1    # Archive and Wangtek QIC tape drives

# Networking devices
#we0    at isa? port 0x280 iomem 0xd0000 irq 9    # WD/SMC 80x3 ethernet
#we1    at isa? port 0x300 iomem 0xcc000 irq 10    #
#we2    at isa? port 0x280 iomem 0xd0000 irq 3    # WD/SMC 80x3 ethernet
#we*    at isapnp?
#ec0    at isa? port 0x250 iomem 0xd8000 irq 9    # 3C503 ethernet
#ne0    at isa? port 0x240 irq 9        # NE[12]000 ethernet
#ne1    at isa? port 0x300 irq 10        # NE[12]000 ethernet
#ne2    at isa? port 0x280 irq 9        # NE[12]000 ethernet
#ne*    at isapnp?                # NE[12]000 PnP ethernet
#eg0    at isa? disable port 0x310 irq 5    # 3C505/Etherlink+ ethernet
#el0    at isa? disable port 0x300 irq 9    # 3C501 ethernet
#ep0    at isa?                    # 3C509 ethernet
#ep*    at isapnp?                # 3C509 PnP ethernet
#ep*    at isa?                    # 3C509 ethernet
#ef*    at isapnp?                # 3C515 PnP ethernet
#ie0    at isa? port 0x360 iomem 0xd0000 irq 7    # StarLAN and 3C507
#ie1    at isa? port 0x300 irq 10        # EtherExpress
#lc0    at isa? port 0x200            # DEC EtherWorks
#lc1    at isa? port 0x280            # DEC EtherWorks
#le0    at isa? port 0x360 irq 15 drq 6        # IsoLan, NE2100, and DEPCA
#ex0    at isa? port 0x320 irq 5        # Intel EtherExpress PRO/10
#tr0    at isa? port 0xa20 iomem 0xd8000    # IBM TROPIC based Token-Ring
#tr1    at isa? port 0xa24 iomem 0xd0000    # IBM TROPIC based Token-Ring
#tr*    at isa?                # 3COM TROPIC based Token-Ring
#ep0    at eisa?
#ep*    at eisa?            # 3C579 ethernet
#fea*    at eisa?            # DEC DEFEA FDDI
#lmc*    at pci?                # Lan Media Corp SSI/T3/HSSI
#san*    at pci?                # Sangoma PCI AFT card
le*    at pci?                # PCnet-PCI based ethernet
le*    at isapnp?
pcn*    at pci?                # AMD PCnet-PCI Ethernet
#de*    at pci?                # DC21X4X-based ethernet
#fxp*    at pci?                # EtherExpress 10/100B ethernet
#fxp*    at cardbus?            # Intel PRO/100 ethernet
#ne*    at pci?                # NE2000-compat ethernet
#ep0    at pci?                # 3C59x ethernet
#ep*    at pci?                # 3C59x ethernet
#ne*    at pcmcia?            # PCMCIA based NE2000 ethernet
#ep*    at pcmcia?            # PCMCIA based 3C5xx ethernet
#sm*    at pcmcia?            # PCMCIA based sm ethernet
*    at pcmcia?            # Xircom ethernet
#fpa*    at pci?                # DEC DEFPA FDDI
#xl*    at pci?                # 3C9xx ethernet
#xl*    at cardbus?            # 3C575/3C656 ethernet
#rl*    at pci?                # RealTek 81[23]9 ethernet
#rl*    at cardbus?            # RealTek 81[23]9 ethernet
#mtd*    at pci?                # Myson MTD800/803/891
#epic*    at pci?                # SMC EPIC/100 ethernet
#tl*    at pci?                # Compaq Thunderlan ethernet
#vr*    at pci?                # VIA Rhine ethernet
#wb*    at pci?                # Winbond W89C840F ethernet
#sf*    at pci?                # Adaptec AIC-6915 ethernet
#sis*    at pci?                # SiS 900/7016 ethernet
#ste*    at pci?                # Sundance ST201 ethernet
#dc*    at pci?                # 21143, "tulip" clone ethernet
#dc*    at cardbus?            # 21143, "tulip" clone ethernet
#ti*    at pci?                # Alteon Tigon 1Gb ethernet
#skc*    at pci?                # SysKonnect GEnesis 984x
#sk*    at skc?                #  each port of above
#em*    at pci?                # Intel Pro/1000 ethernet
#txp*    at pci?                # 3com 3CR990
#nge*    at pci?                # NS DP83820/DP83821 GigE
#bge*    at pci?                # Broadcom BCM570x (aka Tigon3)
#re*    at pci?                # Realtek 8169/8169S/8110S
#re*    at cardbus?            # Realtek 8169/8169S/8110S
#stge*    at pci?                # Sundance TC9021 GigE
#lge*    at pci?                # Level1 LXT1001 GigE
#hme*    at pci?                # Sun Happy Meal
#bce*    at pci?                # Broadcom BCM4401
#vge*    at pci?                # VIA VT612x
#musycc*    at pci?                # Conexant HDLC controller
#art*    at musycc?            # Accoom Artery E1/T1 cards

# Wireless network cards
#ath*    at pci?                # Atheros AR5k (802.11a/b/g)
#ath*    at cardbus?            # Atheros AR5k (802.11a/b/g)
#atw*    at pci?                # ADMtek ADM8211 (802.11)
#atw*    at cardbus?            # ADMtek ADM8211 (802.11)
#wi*    at pci?                # WaveLAN IEEE 802.11DS
#wi*    at pcmcia?            # WaveLAN IEEE 802.11DS
#awi*    at pcmcia?            # Bay Networks IEEE 802.11FH
#an*    at pci?                # Aironet IEEE 802.11DS
#an*    at isapnp?            # Aironet IEEE 802.11DS
#an*    at pcmcia?            # Aironet IEEE 802.11DS
#cnw*    at pcmcia?            # Xircom Netwave
#ray*    at pcmcia?            # Raylink Aviator2.4/Pro 802.11FH
#ipw*    at pci?                # Intel PRO/Wireless 2100
#iwi*    at pci?                # Intel PRO/Wireless 2200BG/2915ABG
#ral*    at pci?                # Ralink RT2500
#ral*    at cardbus?            # Ralink RT2500
#rtw*    at pci?                # Realtek 8180
#rtw*    at cardbus?            # Realtek 8180

# Media Independent Interface (mii) drivers
#exphy*    at mii?                # 3Com internal PHYs
#inphy*    at mii?                # Intel 82555 PHYs
#iophy*    at mii?                # Intel 82553 PHYs
#icsphy*    at mii?                # ICS 1890 PHYs
#lxtphy*    at mii?                # Level1 LXT970 PHYs
#nsphy*    at mii?                # NS and compatible PHYs
#nsphyter*    at mii?            # NS and compatible PHYs
#qsphy*    at mii?                # Quality Semi QS6612 PHYs
#luphy*    at mii?                # Lucent LU6612 PHY
#sqphy*    at mii?                # Seeq 8x220 PHYs
#rlphy* at mii?                # RealTek 8139 internal PHYs
#mtdphy* at mii?                # Myson MTD972 PHYs
#dcphy*    at mii?                # Digital Clone PHYs
#acphy*    at mii?                # Altima AC101 PHYs
amphy*    at mii?                # AMD 79C873 PHYs
#tqphy*    at mii?                # TDK 78Q212x PHYs
#bmtphy*    at mii?                # Broadcom 10/100 PHYs
#brgphy*    at mii?                # Broadcom Gigabit PHYs
#eephy* at mii?                # Marvell 88E1000 series PHY
#xmphy*    at mii?                # XaQti XMAC-II PHYs
#nsgphy*    at mii?                # NS gigabit PHYs
#urlphy*    at mii?                # Realtek RTL8150L internal PHY
#rgephy*    at mii?                # Realtek 8169S/8110S PHY
#ciphy*    at mii?                # Cicada CS8201 10/100/1000 copper PHY
ukphy*    at mii?                # "unknown" PHYs

pss0    at isa? port 0x220 irq 7 drq 6    # Personal Sound System
sp0    at pss0 port 0x530 irq 10 drq 0    # sound port driver

#eap*    at pci?                # Ensoniq AudioPCI S5016
#eso*    at pci?                # ESS Solo-1 PCI AudioDrive
#sv*    at pci?                # S3 SonicVibes (S3 617)
#neo*    at pci?                # NeoMagic 256AV/ZX
#cmpci*    at pci?                # C-Media CMI8338/8738
auich*    at pci? flags 0x0000        # i82801 ICH AC'97 audio
auixp*    at pci?                # ATI IXP AC'97 Audio
#autri*    at pci? flags 0x0000        # Trident 4D WAVE
#auvia*    at pci?                # VIA VT82C686A
#clcs*    at pci?                # CS4280 CrystalClear audio
#clct*    at pci?                # CS4281 CrystalClear audio
#fms*    at pci?                # Forte Media FM801
#maestro* at pci?            # ESS Maestro PCI
#esa*    at pci?                # ESS Maestro3 PCI
#yds*    at pci? flags 0x0000        # Yamaha YMF Audio
#emu*    at pci?                # SB Live!
#sb0    at isa? port 0x220 irq 5 drq 1    # SoundBlaster
#sb*    at isapnp?
#ess*    at isapnp?            # ESS Tech ES188[78], ES888
wss0    at isa? port 0x530 irq 10 drq 0    # Windows Sound System
wss*    at isapnp?
#pas0    at isa? port 0x220 irq 7 drq 1    # ProAudio Spectrum
#gus0    at isa? port 0x220 irq 7 drq 1 drq2 6    # Gravis (drq2 is record drq)
#ym*    at isapnp?
#mpu*    at isapnp?
#mpu*    at isa? port 0x300        # generic MPU, Yamaha SW60XG
#aria0    at isa? port 0x280 irq 10 drq 0 flags 0x1 # Prometheus Aria 16

# OPL[23] FM synthesizers
#opl0    at isa? port 0x388    # use only if not attached to sound card
#opl*    at eso?
#opl*    at sb?
#opl*    at ess?
#opl*    at yds?

# MIDI support
midi*    at pcppi?        # MIDI interface to the PC speaker
#midi*    at sb?            # SB MPU401 port
#midi*    at opl?            # OPL FM synth
#midi*    at ym?
#midi*    at mpu?
#midi*    at autri?
#midi*    at eap?

spkr0    at pcppi?        # PC speaker

# Audio Support
#audio*    at sb?
#audio*    at gus?
#audio*    at pas?
#audio*    at sp?
#audio*    at ess?
audio*    at wss?
#audio*    at ym?
#audio*    at eap?
#audio*    at eso?
#audio*    at sv?
#audio*    at neo?
#audio*    at cmpci?
#audio*    at clcs?
#audio*    at clct?
#audio*    at auich?
#audio*    at auixp?
#audio*    at autri?
#audio*    at auvia?
#audio*    at fms?
#audio*    at maestro?
#audio*    at esa?
#audio*    at yds?
#audio*    at emu?

bktr0    at pci?

# FM-Radio devices
#gtp*    at pci?            # Gemtek/Guillemot Radio PCI Radio Card
#sfr0    at isa? port 0x384    # SoundForte RadioLink SF16-FMR FM Radio Card
#sf2r0    at isa? port 0x384    # SoundForte RadioLink SF16-FMR2 FM Radio Card
#az0    at isa? port 0x350    # Aztech/PackardBell FM Radio Card
#rt0    at isa? port 0x30c    # AIMS Lab Radiotrack FM Radio Card
#rt*    at isapnp?
#rtii0    at isa? port 0x30c    # AIMS Lab Radiotrack II FM Radio Card

# FM-Radio support
#radio*    at bktr?
#radio*    at fms?
#radio*    at gtp?
#radio*    at sfr?
#radio*    at sf2r?
#radio*    at az?
#radio*    at rt?
#radio*    at rtii?

# Joystick driver. Probe is a little strange; add only if you have one.
#joy0    at isa? port 0x201
#joy*    at isapnp?

#wdt0    at pci?            # Ind Computer Source PCI-WDT50x driver

# crypto support
#hifn*    at pci?            # Hi/fn 7751 crypto card
#lofn*    at pci?            # Hi/fn 6500 crypto card
#nofn*    at pci?            # Hi/fn 7814/7851/7854 crypto card
#ubsec*    at pci?            # Bluesteel Networks 5xxx crypto card
#safe*    at pci?            # SafeNet SafeXcel 1141/1741
#ises*    at pci?            # Pijnenburg PCC-ISES

# I2O
#iop*    at pci?            # I2O
#ioprbs*    at iop?            # Random block storage
#scsibus* at ioprbs?

pseudo-device    pctr        1
pseudo-device    mtrr        1    # Memory range attributes control
pseudo-device    nvram        1
pseudo-device    sequencer    1
#pseudo-device    raid        4    # RAIDframe disk driver
pseudo-device    bio        1    # ioctl multiplexing device
pseudo-device    hotplug        1    # devices hot plugging

# mouse & keyboard multiplexor pseudo-devices
pseudo-device    wsmux        2
pseudo-device    crypto        1
=====================================================

2. /usr/src/sys/conf/NEOLKC2
#    $OpenBSD: GENERIC,v 1.119 2005/06/08 04:52:45 henning Exp $
#
#    Machine-independent option; used by all architectures for their
#    GENERIC kernel

#option        INSECURE    # default to secure

option        DDB        # in-kernel debugger
#option        DDB_SAFE_CONSOLE # allow break into ddb during boot
#makeoptions    DEBUG="-g"    # compile full symbol table
#makeoptions    PROF="-pg"    # build profiled kernel
#option        GPROF        # kernel profiling, kgmon(8)
option        DIAGNOSTIC    # internal consistency checks
option        KTRACE        # system call tracing, a la ktrace(1)
option        ACCOUNTING    # acct(2) process accounting
option        KMEMSTATS    # collect malloc(9) statistics
option        PTRACE        # ptrace(2) system call

option        CRYPTO        # Cryptographic framework

option        SYSVMSG        # System V-like message queues
option        SYSVSEM        # System V-like semaphores
option        SYSVSHM        # System V-like memory sharing

option        UVM_SWAP_ENCRYPT# support encryption of pages going to swap

#option        COMPAT_23    # Kernel compatibility with OpenBSD 2.3,
#option        COMPAT_25    # 2.5,
option        COMPAT_35    # 3.5,
option        COMPAT_43    # and 4.3BSD
#option        TCP_COMPAT_42    # TCP bug compatibility with 4.2BSD

option        LKM        # loadable kernel modules

option        FFS        # UFS
option        FFS_SOFTUPDATES    # Soft updates
option        UFS_DIRHASH    # hash large directories
option        QUOTA        # UFS quotas
option        EXT2FS        # Second Extended Filesystem
option        MFS        # memory file system
option        XFS        # xfs filesystem

option        TCP_SACK    # Selective Acknowledgements for TCP
option        TCP_ECN        # Explicit Congestion Notification for TCP
option        TCP_SIGNATURE    # TCP MD5 Signatures, for BGP routing sessions
#option        TCP_FACK    # Forward Acknowledgements for TCP

#option        NFSCLIENT    # Network File System client
#option        NFSSERVER    # Network File System server

#option        VFSDEBUG    # VFS debugging
option        CD9660        # ISO 9660 + Rock Ridge file system
option        UDF        # UDF (DVD) file system
option        MSDOSFS        # MS-DOS file system
option        FDESC        # /dev/fd
option        FIFO        # FIFOs; RECOMMENDED
#option        KERNFS        # /kern
option        PORTAL        # dynamically created filesystem objects
option        PROCFS        # /proc

option        INET        # IP + ICMP + TCP + UDP
option        ALTQ        # ALTQ base
option        INET6        # IPv6 (needs INET)
option        IPSEC        # IPsec
#option        KEY        # PF_KEY (implied by IPSEC)
#option        IPX        # IPX+SPX
#option        IPXIP        # IPX tunneling over IP
#option        NETATALK    # AppleTalk
#option        PPP_BSDCOMP    # PPP BSD compression
#option        PPP_DEFLATE
#option        MROUTING    # Multicast router
#option        PIM        # Protocol Independent Multicast

pseudo-device    pf        # packet filter
pseudo-device    pflog        # pf log if
pseudo-device    pfsync        # pf sync if
#pseudo-device    sppp    1    # Sync PPP/HDLC
pseudo-device    enc    1    # option IPSEC needs the encapsulation interface
#pseudo-device    strip    1    # Starmode Radio IP interface

pseudo-device    pty    16    # initial number of pseudo-terminals
pseudo-device    tb    1    # tablet line discipline
pseudo-device    vnd    4    # paging to files
pseudo-device    ccd    4    # concatenated disk devices
pseudo-device    ksyms    1    # kernel symbols device
pseudo-device    systrace 1    # system call tracing device

# clonable devices
pseudo-device    bpfilter     # packet filter
pseudo-device    bridge        # network bridging support
#pseudo-device    carp        # CARP protocol support
#pseudo-device    gif        # IPv[46] over IPv[46] tunnel (RFC1933)
#pseudo-device    gre        # GRE encapsulation interface
pseudo-device    loop        # network loopback
#pseudo-device    ppp        # PPP
pseudo-device    sl        # CSLIP
pseudo-device    tun        # network tunneling over tty
#pseudo-device    vlan         # IEEE 802.1Q VLAN
pseudo-device    trunk        # Trunking support

# for IPv6
#pseudo-device    faith    1    # IPv[46] tcp relay translation i/f

#pseudo-device    pppoe    1    # PPP over Ethernet (RFC 2516)

option        BOOT_CONFIG    # add support for boot -c

OpenBSD .cshrc for tcsh 

# $OpenBSD: dot.cshrc,v 1.13 2005/02/13 00:56:13 krw Exp $
#
# csh initialization

umask 22
alias mail Mail
set history=100
set path=(/sbin /usr/sbin /bin /usr/bin /usr/X11R6/bin /usr/local/sbin /usr/local/bin)
set rmstar
set filec
set nobeep
set autolist
setenv BLOCKSIZE 1k
setenv LANG    zh_CN.GB2312
#setenv LC_ALL    zh_TW.Big5
setenv LC_CTYPE zh_CN.GB2312
setenv XMODIFIERS    "@im=fcitx"
setenv PKG_PATH ftp://OpenBSD:OpenBSD@ftp.cnfug.org/OpenBSD/snapshots/packages/`machine -a`/

#setenv PKG_PATH ftp://ftp.iij.ad.jp/pub/OpenBSD/3.8/packages/`machine -a`/
alias    cd    'set old="$cwd"; chdir /!*'
alias    h     history
alias    j      jobs -l
alias    ll      ls -l
alias   ls      ls -F
alias    l       ls -alF
alias   du    du -h
alias   df     df -h
alias    back    'set back="$old"; set old="$cwd"; cd "$back"; unset back; dirs'

alias    z    suspend
alias    x    exit
alias    pd    pushd
alias    pd2    pushd +2
alias    pd3    pushd +3
alias    pd4    pushd +4

if ($?prompt) then
    #set prompt="`hostname -s`# "
    set prompt="%{/e[0;35m%}[%t]%{/e[0;36m%}[%~]%{/e[0;32m%}>>> "
endif

 

OpenBSD简单中文汉化

修改/etc/X11/xorg.conf

# cp WindowsXP下的simsun.ttc   tahoma.ttf  verdana.ttf "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/TrueType/"

这里要把simsun.ttc更名为 simsun.ttf并加入 Load "xtt"

# fc-cache

修改~/.cshrc 加入一下环境变量

setenv LANG zh_CN.GB2312

setenv LC_ALL zh_CN.GB2312

setenv LC_CTYPE zh_CN.GB2312

set SGML_CATALOG_FILES=/usr/local/share/sgml/catalog

set XML_CATALOG_FILES=/usr/local/share/xml/catalog

 

 

解决无权限及sudo的问题

1. sudo不能root时要编辑 /etc/group 文件

#vi /etc/group

wheel:*:0:root,xxx,xxx,xxx,...

在wheel:*:0:root后加逗号和用户名即可。

2. sudo后有没权限执行的命令，这时要修改 /etc/sudoers 文件

root ALL=(ALL) ALL （下一行新建）

xxxx ALL=(ALL) ALL

这样这个用户就会有root的所有权限。

 

CVS源码编译内核

 

For Korn/Bourne shells:

# export CVS_RSH=/usr/bin/rsh

For csh/tcsh:

# setenv CVS_RSH /usr/bin/rsh

#setenv CVSROOT=anoncvs@anoncvs.jp.openbsd.org:/cvs

下载最初的当前sys源码树：

# setenv CVSROOT anoncvs@anoncvs.jp.openbsd.org:/cvs

# cd /usr

# cvs -q get -P src

下载当前3.7版本的源码树：

# setenv CVSROOT anoncvs@anoncvs.jp.openbsd.org:/cvs

# cd /usr

# cvs -q get -rOPENBSD_3_7 -P src [注意：这里 -r 参数是指定版本，如果不加 -r 则更新是current版，即snapshots ]

在以后更新当前sys源码树：

# cd /usr/src

# cvs -q up -Pd

在以后更新3.7sys源码树：

# cd /usr/src

# cvs -q up -rOPENBSD_3_7 -Pd [注意：这里 -r 参数是指定版本，如果不加 -r 则更新是current版，即snapshots ]

如果你更新一不同服务器或CD上的源码，你必须加 -d $CVSROOT 选项

# cd /usr/src

# cvs -d $CVSROOT -q up -Pd

后面提示输入： yes

这里就等着下载源码吧.

编译内核

# cp /bsd /bsd.old 备份下先

# cd /usr/src/sys/arch/i386/conf

# config GENERIC

# cd ../compile/GENERIC

# make clean && make depend && make [...10分钟不到...]

# make install

然后就可以重启系统使用新内核了

# reboot

 

OpenBSD如何启动服务

 

添加到/etc/rc.local

 

参数和变量仍然在rc.conf中声明

例如

# vi /etc/rc.conf 增加

mysqld=YES

 

# vi /etc/rc.local 增加

if [ X"${mysqld}" == X"YES" -a -x /usr/local/bin/mysqld_safe ]; then

echo Starting mysqld

/usr/local/bin/mysqld_safe &

fi

 

这样系统启动到rc.local流程的时候，就可以判断出是否运行这个服务，如果你不想用rc.local，可以自己定义一个rc.service

 

# vi /etc/rc 增加

 

[ -f /etc/rc.service] && . /etc/rc.service

 

rc.service就是标准的shell程序了.

使OpenBSD兼容linux和FreeBSD 

 

在这里我们只兼容Linux和FreeBSD两个系统。

首先我们要重新编译内核，打开下面两个项：

option COMPAT_LINUX     # binary compatibility with Linux

option COMPAT_FREEBSD # binary compatibility with FreeBSD

如果已经激活这两项，我们必须执行下面两步，这样系统就可兼容他们了，但是在下次启动后无效：

# sysctl kern.emul.linux=1

# sysctl kern.emul.freebsd=1

我们修改/etc/sysctl.conf文件中的这两行，把前面的注释去掉，既每次开机都在兼容模式下了。

kern.emul.linux=1 # enable running Linux binaries

kern.emul.freebsd=1 # enable running freebsd binaries

到这里还要装两个系统的运行库，redhat_base和freebsd_lib.

要了解更多信息请参阅man手册compat_linux(8)和compat_freebsd(8).

 

OpenBSD上安装Fictx输入法

首先下载fcitx的源码包，解压后修改/fcitx-3.1.1/src/main.c 如下：
#ifdef CODESET
#define CODESET 14
#endif  
 
bIsUtf8 = (strstr (setlocale (LC_CTYPE, NULL), "utf8") != NULL);
bIsUtf8 = (strcmp (nl_langinfo (CODESET), "UTF-8") == 0);
 
只要做一下简单的修改，fcitx就可以编译成功了。
 
同时还需要重现编译一下OpenBSD的locale，到/usr/src/share/locale/ctype/ 修改一下Makefile将
LOCALES += zh_CN.eucCN
LOCALESRC_zh_CN.eucCN = zh_CN.eucCN
前面的#去掉，到/usr/src/share/locale/ 执行make;make install
 
设置/root/.cshrc加入
setenv LC_CTYPE zh_CN.eucCN
setenv LC_ALL zh_CN.eucCN
setenv LANG zh_CN.eucCN
setenv XMODIFIERS "@im=fcitx"
 
修改/root/.xinitrc加入
exec fcitx &
 
注销帐号重新登陆就可以输入中文了，真的非常不错。
 
注意在3.7版本里只能安装成功未能使用，无法重新编译locale，Snapshot及3.8版本使用以上方法可以使用。

OpenBSD内核编译和优化

要编译内核，需要一套完整的syssrc包，这套东东可以通过CVS或FTP方式获得。要通过CVS方式下载，在SHELL上打：

 

　　　　export CVS_RSH="/usr/bin/ssh"

 

　　　　export CVSROOT=anoncvs@anoncvs1.usa.openbsd.org:/cvs

 

　　想用其它地方的服务器，请看完整的CVS服务器列表。

 

　　　　cd /usr && cvs checkout -z9 src/sys

 

　　要用FTP方式下载，请到：ftp://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/2.7/srcsys.tar.gz

 

　　下载完后就可以把它放到/usr/src目录里，并解开：

 

　　　　cp srcsys.tar.gz /usr/src ; tar -xzvf /usr/src/srcsys.tar.gz

 

　　搞定了源代码，接下来就可以配置并编译内核了。OpenBSD的内核配置文件因为支持多平台，所以相应平台的配置文件就存放在/usr/src/sys/arch/$ARCH/conf/ 里，这里的$ARCH就是你所用的平台名称。我们以i386为例介绍对内核有优化作用的选项。

 

　　处理器及I/O部分有：

 

　　　　option I686_CPU

 

　　这个很简单，与FreeBSD一样。

 

　　　　#option GPL_MATH_EMULATE

 

　　别把它打开除非你的机器老得连FPU都没有。

 

　　　　option DUMMY_NOPS

 

　　把开机延迟关掉。（新系统没这个选项了3.8）

 

　　　　option UVM

 

　　高级虚拟内存系统，在系统进行交换时提供速度所用。

 

　　　　option MFS

 

　　这个也与FreeBSD含义一样，用于建立内存盘以提升数据访问速度。（不过这个选项在新版本中已经内建3.8）

 

　　　　网络部分有：

 

　　option NMBCLUSTERS="8192"

 

　　与FreeBSD含义一样，提升高流量时的网络操作速度并提高内核稳定性。如流量低可用1024或2048。

另外，把不需要的网卡设备都注释掉，这样可以减小内核容量提升启动速度。（这里设什么样的值使我头大）

 

　　磁盘设备部分有：

 

　　option BUFCACHEPERCENT=45

 

　　保留45%的系统内存作为文件系统的缓存，顾名思义，根据实际系统内存数来取值，推荐取低一些的值。

另外，与网络部分一样，把不需要的磁盘设备(scsi、ide)都注释掉。

 

　　配完了内核，依次打：

 

　　　　cd /usr/src/sys/arch/$ARCH/conf ; config yourkernel

　　　　cd ../compile/yourkernel ; make depend && make

　　　　cp /bsd /bsd-old ; cp bsd /bsd

 

　　重启后就可以直接用刚才编译好的新内核了，如果它有任何问题，可以重启后在boot>的提示符上输入刚才换名的旧内核，命令格式为：

 

　　　　boot> boot device:/kernelold

 

　　把device换成你存放旧内核的盘设备即可。顺便提一下，你可以在上述命令后加上一个-c选项进入User Kernel Config界面，它提供与FreeBSD下一样的配置功能。