Spring 中 @Controller 和 @RestController

1. @Controller, @RestController的共同点

   都是用来表示Spring某个类的是否可以接收HTTP请求

2. Controller, RestController的不同点

   @Controller标识一个Spring类是Spring MVC controller处理器

   @RestController： @RestController是@Controller和@ResponseBody的结合体，两个标注合并起来的作用。

示例如下：

@Controller  
@ResponseBody  
public class MyController { }  

@RestController  
public class MyRestController { }  

Spring 4.0 重要的一个新的改进是@RestController注解，它继承自@Controller注解。4.0之前的版本，Spring MVC的组件都使用@Controller来标识当前类是一个控制器servlet。

使用这个特性，我们可以开发REST服务的时候不需要使用@Controller而专门的@RestController。

当你实现一个RESTful web services的时候，response将一直通过response body发送。为了简化开发，Spring 4.0提供了一个专门版本的controller。下面我们来看看@RestController实现的定义：

 @Target(value=TYPE)  
 @Retention(value=RUNTIME)  
 @Documented  
 @Controller  
 @ResponseBody  
 public @interface RestController 

Demo :

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;  
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;  
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;  
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;  
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseStatus;  
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;  

@RestController  
public class SpringRestControllerDemo {  
    @Autowired UserDetails userDetails;  
    @RequestMapping(value="/springcontent", method=RequestMethod.GET, produces={"application/xml", "application/json"})  
    @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.OK)  
    public UserDetails getUser() {  
        UserDetails userDetails = new UserDetails();  
        userDetails.setUserName("Krishna");  
        userDetails.setEmailId("krishna@gmail.com");  
        return userDetails;  
    }  

    @RequestMapping(value="/springcontent.htm", method=RequestMethod.GET)  
    @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.OK)  
    public String getUserHtml() {  
        //Test HTML view  
        return "example";  
    }  
}  

XML 里面的配置：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"  
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd  
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc   
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd  
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">  

    <context:component-scan base-package="XXXXX" />
    <bean id="userDetails" class="XXXXXXX"/>  
    <mvc:annotation-driven content-negotiation-manager="contentManager"/>  
    <bean id="contentManager" class="org.springframework.web.accept.ContentNegotiationManagerFactoryBean">  
         <property name="favorPathExtension" value="true"/>  
          <property name="ignoreAcceptHeader" value="true" />  
          <property name="defaultContentType" value="text/html" />  
          <property name="useJaf" value="false"/>  
          <property name="mediaTypes">  
              <map>  
                  <entry key="json" value="application/json" />  
                  <entry key="html" value="text/html" />  
                  <entry key="xml" value="application/xml" />  
                  <entry key="do" value="application/x-download"/>
              </map>  
          </property>  
    </bean>  
    <bean id="jspViewResolver"  
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">  
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />  
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />  
    </bean>  

</beans>