P - Closest Common Ancestors （tarjan——LCA）

P - Closest Common Ancestors

Write a program that takes as input a rooted tree and a list of pairs of vertices. For each pair (u,v) the program determines the closest common ancestor of u and v in the tree. The closest common ancestor of two nodes u and v is the node w that is an ancestor of both u and v and has the greatest depth in the tree. A node can be its own ancestor (for example in Figure 1 the ancestors of node 2 are 2 and 5)

Input

The data set, which is read from a the std input, starts with the tree description, in the form:

nr_of_vertices
vertex:(nr_of_successors) successor1 successor2 ... successorn
...
where vertices are represented as integers from 1 to n ( n <= 900 ). The tree description is followed by a list of pairs of vertices, in the form:
nr_of_pairs
(u v) (x y) ...

The input file contents several data sets (at least one).
Note that white-spaces (tabs, spaces and line breaks) can be used freely in the input.

Output

For each common ancestor the program prints the ancestor and the number of pair for which it is an ancestor. The results are printed on the standard output on separate lines, in to the ascending order of the vertices, in the format: ancestor:times
For example, for the following tree:

Sample Input

5
5:(3) 1 4 2
1:(0)
4:(0)
2:(1) 3
3:(0)
6
(1 5) (1 4) (4 2)
      (2 3)
(1 3) (4 3)

Sample Output

2:1
5:5

Hint

Huge input, scanf is recommended.

思路:

LCA模板题

LCA求两个结点最近公共祖先；

主要伪代码：

Tarjan(u)           //marge和find为并查集合并函数和查找函数
{
    for each(u,v)    //访问所有u子节点v
    {
        Tarjan(v);        //继续往下遍历
        marge(u,v);    //合并v到u上
        标记v被访问过;
    }
    for each(u,e)    //访问所有和u有询问关系的e
    {
        如果e被访问过;
        u,e的最近公共祖先为find(e);
    }
}

点：

建立两个vector<>,一个用来存原本图，一个存查询的。因为一个一个找 再相加，浪费时间。。。

还有用两个邻接表会RE，必须要用一个vector存。或者两个都要。。。