2.1 原来的装配方式
2.1.1 Dog类
Dog.java
package com.tian.springboot02config.pojo;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component //注册bean到容器中
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Dog {
private String name;
private Integer age;
}
2.1.2 Spring如何给bean注入属性值
@Value,给狗狗类测试一下:
package com.tian.springboot02config.pojo;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component //注册bean到容器中
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Dog {
@Value("二狗")
private String name;
@Value("21")
private Integer age;
}
2.1.3 在SpringBoot的测试类下注入狗狗输出一下
package com.tian.springboot02config;
import com.tian.springboot02config.pojo.Dog;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
@SpringBootTest
class Springboot02ConfigApplicationTests {
//将狗狗自动注入进来
@Autowired
Dog dog;
@Test
void contextLoads() {
System.out.println(dog); //打印看下狗狗对象
}
}
运行结果:
2.2 使用yaml进行装配
Person.java
package com.tian.springboot02config.pojo;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
@Component //注册bean到容器中
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Person {
private String name;
private Integer age;
private Boolean happy;
private Date birth;
private Map<String, Object> maps;
private List<Object> lists;
private Dog dog;
}
2.2.2 yaml数据准备
大家写的时候注意区别和优势,我们编写一个yaml配置
application.yaml
person:
name: 天骄
age: 3
happy: false
birth: 2000/01/01
maps: {k1: v1,k2: v2}
lists:
- code
- girl
- music
dog:
name: 旺财
age: 1
2.2.3 yaml配置的方式进行注入
@ConfigurationProperties作用: 将配置文件中配置的每一个属性的值,映射到这个组件中; 告诉SpringBoot将本类中的所有属性和配置文件中相关的配置进行绑定 参数 prefix = “person” : 将配置文件中的person下面的所有属性一一对应
package com.tian.springboot02config.pojo;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
@Component //注册bean到容器中
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
/**
@ConfigurationProperties作用: 将配置文件中配置的每一个属性的值,映射到这个组件中;
告诉SpringBoot将本类中的所有属性和配置文件中相关的配置进行绑定
参数 prefix = “person” : 将配置文件中的person下面的所有属性一一对应
**/
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
public class Person {
private String name;
private Integer age;
private Boolean happy;
private Date birth;
private Map<String, Object> maps;
private List<Object> lists;
private Dog dog;
}
2.2.4 IDEA 提示
springboot配置注解处理器没有找到,让我们看文档,我们可以查看文档,找到一个依赖!
pom.xml
<!-- 导入配置文件处理器,配置文件进行绑定就会有提示,需要重启 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
2.2.5 确认以上配置都OK之后,我们去测试类中测试一下
package com.tian.springboot02config;
import com.tian.springboot02config.pojo.Person;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
@SpringBootTest
class Springboot02ConfigApplicationTests {
@Autowired
Person person; //将person自动注入进来
@Test
void contextLoads() {
System.out.println(person);
}
}
运行结果
2.2.6 小结
yaml配置注入到实体类完全OK
1、将配置文件的key 值 和 属性的值设置为不一样,则结果输出为null,注入失败
3. 补充: yaml搭配EL表达式使用
下面示例的测试代码均为:
package com.tian.springboot02config;
import com.tian.springboot02config.pojo.Person;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
@SpringBootTest
class Springboot02ConfigApplicationTests {
@Autowired
Person person;
@Test
void contextLoads() {
System.out.println(person);
}
}
application.yaml
person:
name: 天骄${random.uuid}
age: 3
happy: false
birth: 2000/01/01
maps: {k1: v1,k2: v2}
lists:
- code
- girl
- music
dog:
name: 旺财
age: 1
3.2 随机生成一个年龄
person:
name: 天骄
age: ${random.int}
happy: false
birth: 2000/01/01
maps: {k1: v1,k2: v2}
lists:
- code
- girl
- music
dog:
name: 旺财
age: 1
3.3 类似于三目运算符
person:
name: 天骄
age: 3
happy: false
birth: 2000/01/01
maps: {k1: v1,k2: v2}
lists:
- code
- girl
- music
dog:
# 如果person.hello就用person.hello的值 否则填充默认值:你好
name: ${person.hello:你好}旺财
age: 1
person:
name: 天骄
age: 3
happy: false
birth: 2000/01/01
hello: Hello
maps: {k1: v1,k2: v2}
lists:
- code
- girl
- music
dog:
# 如果person.hello就用person.hello的值 否则填充默认值:你好
name: ${person.hello:你好}旺财
age: 1