一、简述
Zuul路由包含了对请求的路由和过滤两个功能。
路由:路由功能负责将外部请求转发到具体的微服务实例上,是实现外部访问统一入口;
过滤:过滤器功能则负责对请求的处理过程进行干预,是实现请求校验、服务聚合等功能的基础。
Zuul和Eureka进行整合,将Zuul自身注册为Eureka服务治理下的应用,同时从Eureka中获得其他微服务的消息,也即以后的访问微服务都是通过Zuul跳转后获得。Zuul服务最终也会注册进Eureka。
二、配置zuul
1.新建microservice-zuul
pom:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>com.syr.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>microservice</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>microservice-zuul</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<!-- zuul路由网关 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 热部署插件 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
application.yml:
server:
port: 80
spring:
application:
name: microservice-zull
eureka:
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://eureka2001.com:2001/eureka/,http://eureka2002.com:2002/eureka/,http://eureka2003.com:2003/eureka/
instance:
instance-id: microservice-zull #自定义服务名称信息
prefer-ip-address: true #访问路径可以显示IP地址
info:
app.name: microservice-zull
company.name: www.syr.com
build.artifactId: $project.artifactId$
build.version: $project.version$
开启zuul:
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableZuulProxy
public class Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
}
}
2.修改消费者
因为上次创建的服务消费者没有启动eureka注册,现在需要把consumer也注册到eureka中,以便zuul路由访问。
把microservice-consumer-feign-hystrix8080配置文件修改如下:(启动服务注册、增加服务名称)
server:
port: 8080
spring:
application:
name: microservice-consumer
eureka:
instance:
instance-id: microservice-consumer-feign-hystrix
register-with-eureka: true
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://eureka2001.com:2001/eureka/,http://eureka2002.com:2002/eureka/,http://eureka2003.com:2003/eureka/
feign:
hystrix:
enabled: true
3.测试
启动eureka集群、provider服务集群、microservice-consumer-feign-hystrix8080服务消费者、microservice-zuul路由。
(1)访问consumer成功:
http://localhost:8080/consumer/users
(2)现需要通过路由访问,路由ip地址为:localhost:80
consumer服务注册在eureka的服务名称为:microservice-consumer
所以,通过路由访问consumer的路径应为:http://localhost/microservice-consumer/consumer/users
测试成功:
4.设置服务代理名称
上面的url暴露了服务的真实名称“microservice-consumer”,这里可以设置一个别名:myconsumer
增加配置:
zuul:
routes:
mydept.serviceId: microservice-consumer
mydept.path: /myconsumer/**
5.忽略带真实服务名的请求
别名设置成功后,真实服务名仍可以访问,这里应该把除别名外的url屏蔽掉,使其不能访问:
zuul:
ignored-services: "*" #microservicecloud-provider
routes:
mydept.serviceId: microservice-consumer
mydept.path: /myconsumer/**
"*"代表所有
6.设置访问前缀
zuul:
prefix: /MyDemo
ignored-services: "*" #microservicecloud-provider
routes:
mydept.serviceId: microservice-consumer
mydept.path: /myconsumer/**