自己实现atof

基本想法：

例：123.456E1234，其中小数点前面算整数部分，小数点到E是小数部分，E后面的是有效数部分。

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <fstream>
#include <cctype>
using std::string;
using std::ifstream;

#define INTEGER 0
#define FRACTION 1
#define SIGNIF 2

float fractorial(int value)
{
	float num = 1;
	if(value < 0)
		for(int i = -value; i > 0; --i)
			num *= 0.1;
	else if(value > 0)
		for(int i = value; i > 0; --i)
			num *= 10;
	return num;
}
float atof(const string &expr)
{
	string::const_iterator begin = expr.begin();
	string::const_iterator end = expr.end();

	float value = 0;
	float integer = 0;
	float fraction = 0;
	int signif = 0;
	float minus = 1;
	int flag = INTEGER;
	int sign1 = 1;
	int sign2 = 1;
	for(; begin != end; ++begin){
		while(*begin == ' ') continue;   //delete the lead space
		if(*begin == '-')
			if(flag == INTEGER)
				sign1 = -1;
			else if(flag == SIGNIF)
				sign2 = -1;
		if(*begin == '-' || *begin == '+' )
			continue;
		if(isdigit(*begin)){
			if(INTEGER == flag){		  		//caculate the interger 
				integer = integer * 10 + *begin - '0';
			}else if(FRACTION == flag){                    //caculate the float 
				fraction = fraction * 10 + *begin - '0';
				minus *= 0.1;
			}else{					     //caculate the effective number
				signif = signif * 10 + *begin - '0';
			}
		}else if(*begin == '.'){
			flag = FRACTION;
		}else if(*begin == 'e' || *begin == 'E'){
			flag = SIGNIF;
		}
	}
	return sign1*(integer + fraction * minus) *fractorial(sign2 * signif); 
}
int main()
{	
	ifstream ifs("data.txt");
	string expr;
	while(std::getline(ifs, expr)){
		std::cout << atof(expr) << std::endl;
	}
        ifs.close();
        return 0;
}

测试文件data.txt：
+12.23                                                                                                                               
0.34e3
.4E3
-1.345E-3
345
+23e-5
测试结果：

[root@localhost atof]# ./atof
12.23
340
400
-0.001345
345
0.00023

基本测试能过，其中有一些异常情况没考虑（空串，非数字字符）。