java基础（一）

一、java的安装

下载JDK，安装然后添加环境变量jdk\bin

二、用记事本写第一个java程序

       1、新建Test.java,输入代码

public class Test{
	public static void main(String[] args){
		int number = 23;
		System.out.println(number);  //变量申明并赋值才能使用
		System.out.println(number);
/*
多行注释
多行注释
*/
	}
}

编译：   javac Test.java        然后产生Test.class二进制文件

运行：   java Test

变量命名：以字母、下划线、$开头

变量，取余

public class Test{
	public static void main(String[] args){
		int price=499;
		double weight=12.4;
		String type="sfddvfv";
	
		System.out.println(price);
		System.out.println(weight);
		System.out.println("字符串："+weight); //用+连接字符串和数值

		int a=46;
		int result=a%7;  //取余

	}
} 

数据类型自动转换：int  + double = double;      char + string = string

接收用户输入Scanner类

import java.util.Scanner;
public class Test{
	public static void main(String[] args){
		Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
		System.out.println("请输入姓名：");
		String name = in.next();
		System.out.println("请输入年龄：");
		int age = in.nextInt();
		System.out.println("姓名：" + name);
		System.out.println("年龄：" + age);


	}
} 

数值交换

public class Test{
	public static void main(String[] args){
		int a = 45;
		int b = 78;
		int temp = a;
		a = b;
		b = temp;
		System.out.println("a的值为：" + a);
		System.out.println("b的值为：" + b);
	}
}

boolean类型

public class Test{
	public static void main(String[] args){
		int a = 2;
		int b = 2;
		boolean flag;
		flag = (a==b);
		System.out.println(flag); //ture
	}
}

逻辑运算符： &&     ||    ！

if.....else if.....

import java.util.*;
public class Test{
	public static void main(String[] args){
		Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
		System.out.println("请输入成绩：");
		int score = in.nextInt();
		if (score >= 90){
			System.out.println("优秀");		
		}else if(score >= 80){
			System.out.println("良好");
		}else if(score >= 60){
			System.out.println("中等");
		}else{
			System.out.println("差");
		}
		System.out.println("测试");
	}
}

switch

import java.util.*;

public class Test{
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
		System.out.println("请输入名次：");
		int mingci = input.nextInt();
		switch(mingci) {
			case 1:
			System.out.println("第一名");
			break;

			case 2:
			System.out.println("第二名");
			break;

			case 3:
			System.out.println("第三名");
			break;
		
			default:
			System.out.println("逐出师门");
		}
	}
}

判断闰年，平年

import java.util.*;

public class Test{
	public static void main(String[] args){
		Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
		System.out.println("请输入年份：");
		int year= in.nextInt();
		if( year%4==0 && year%100!=0 || year % 400 ==0){
			System.out.println(year + "是一个闰年");
		}else{
			System.out.println(year + "是一个平年");
		}
	}
}

产生随机数

import java.util.Random;

public class Test{
	public static void main(String[] args){
		Random x = new Random();
		int number = x.nextInt(10); //0~9
		System.out.println("随机数为：" + number);
		
		int a = (int)(Math.random()*10);
		System.out.println("随机数为：" + a);
	}
}