CentOS 7.9升级内核并设置默认启动

王万林 Ben

已于 2024-02-26 10:07:43 修改

阅读量1.8k

点赞数 1

分类专栏： # Linux 文章标签： centos linux 服务器

于 2022-03-05 09:03:55 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/thesre/article/details/123289472

版权

Linux 专栏收录该内容

27 篇文章 0 订阅

订阅专栏

登陆到aws的CentOS 7.9，查看当前内核版本，是3.10.0的，

ubuntu@VM-20-5-ubuntu:~$ ssh centos@ec2-3-90-8-71.compute-1.amazonaws.com
Last login: Wed Jul 27 09:56:43 2022 from 175.178.63.22
[centos@ip-172-31-80-133 ~]$ sudo su -
Last login: Wed Jul 27 09:56:53 UTC 2022 on pts/0
[root@ip-172-31-80-133 ~]# uname -a
Linux ip-172-31-80-133.ec2.internal 3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Mon Oct 19 16:18:59 UTC 2020 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

将系统更新到最新

[root@ip-172-31-80-133 ~]# yum -y update

添加ELRepo仓库

[root@ip-172-31-80-133 ~]# rpm --import https://www.elrepo.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-elrepo.org
[root@ip-172-31-80-133 ~]# yum install https://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-7.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm

查看可以安装的内核版本

[root@ip-172-31-80-133 ~]# yum list available --disablerepo='*' --enablerepo=elrepo-kernel
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * elrepo-kernel: mirror.pit.teraswitch.com
Available Packages
elrepo-release.noarch                                                  7.0-6.el7.elrepo                                          elrepo-kernel
kernel-lt.x86_64                                                       5.4.207-1.el7.elrepo                                      elrepo-kernel
kernel-lt-devel.x86_64                                                 5.4.207-1.el7.elrepo                                      elrepo-kernel
kernel-lt-doc.noarch                                                   5.4.207-1.el7.elrepo                                      elrepo-kernel
kernel-lt-headers.x86_64                                               5.4.207-1.el7.elrepo                                      elrepo-kernel
kernel-lt-tools.x86_64                                                 5.4.207-1.el7.elrepo                                      elrepo-kernel
kernel-lt-tools-libs.x86_64                                            5.4.207-1.el7.elrepo                                      elrepo-kernel
kernel-lt-tools-libs-devel.x86_64                                      5.4.207-1.el7.elrepo                                      elrepo-kernel
kernel-ml.x86_64                                                       5.18.14-1.el7.elrepo                                      elrepo-kernel
kernel-ml-devel.x86_64                                                 5.18.14-1.el7.elrepo                                      elrepo-kernel
kernel-ml-doc.noarch                                                   5.18.14-1.el7.elrepo                                      elrepo-kernel
kernel-ml-headers.x86_64                                               5.18.14-1.el7.elrepo                                      elrepo-kernel
kernel-ml-tools.x86_64                                                 5.18.14-1.el7.elrepo                                      elrepo-kernel
kernel-ml-tools-libs.x86_64                                            5.18.14-1.el7.elrepo                                      elrepo-kernel
kernel-ml-tools-libs-devel.x86_64                                      5.18.14-1.el7.elrepo                                      elrepo-kernel
perf.x86_64                                                            5.18.14-1.el7.elrepo                                      elrepo-kernel
python-perf.x86_64                                                     5.18.14-1.el7.elrepo                                      elrepo-kernel

可以选择带lt或mt的进行安装，其中lt表示long-term，ml表示latest mainline，这里装lt

[root@ip-172-31-80-133 ~]# yum --enablerepo=elrepo-kernel install -y kernel-lt 
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: download.cf.centos.org
 * elrepo: ftp.osuosl.org
 * elrepo-kernel: ftp.osuosl.org
 * extras: download.cf.centos.org
 * updates: download.cf.centos.org
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package kernel-lt.x86_64 0:5.4.207-1.el7.elrepo will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: linux-firmware >= 20100806-2 for package: kernel-lt-5.4.207-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package linux-firmware.noarch 0:20200421-80.git78c0348.el7_9 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

==============================================================================================================================================
 Package                         Arch                    Version                                         Repository                      Size
==============================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 kernel-lt                       x86_64                  5.4.207-1.el7.elrepo                            elrepo-kernel                   50 M
Installing for dependencies:
 linux-firmware                  noarch                  20200421-80.git78c0348.el7_9                    updates                         80 M

Transaction Summary
==============================================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package (+1 Dependent package)

Total size: 131 M
Installed size: 621 M
Downloading packages:
warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/updates/packages/linux-firmware-20200421-80.git78c0348.el7_9.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
Importing GPG key 0xF4A80EB5:
 Userid     : "CentOS-7 Key (CentOS 7 Official Signing Key) <security@centos.org>"
 Fingerprint: 6341 ab27 53d7 8a78 a7c2 7bb1 24c6 a8a7 f4a8 0eb5
 Package    : centos-release-7-9.2009.0.el7.centos.x86_64 (installed)
 From       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : linux-firmware-20200421-80.git78c0348.el7_9.noarch                                                                         1/2 
  Installing : kernel-lt-5.4.207-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64                                                                                      2/2 
  Verifying  : linux-firmware-20200421-80.git78c0348.el7_9.noarch                                                                         1/2 
  Verifying  : kernel-lt-5.4.207-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64                                                                                      2/2 

Installed:
  kernel-lt.x86_64 0:5.4.207-1.el7.elrepo                                                                                                     

Dependency Installed:
  linux-firmware.noarch 0:20200421-80.git78c0348.el7_9                                                                                        

Complete!

设置默认启动

[root@ip-172-31-80-133 ~]# cat /boot/grub2/grub.cfg | grep menuentry | awk -F\' '{if(NF>1)print $2}' 
CentOS Linux (5.4.207-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Core)
CentOS Linux (3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64) 7 (Core)
CentOS Linux (0-rescue-cc2c86fe566741e6a2ff6d399c5d5daa) 7 (Core)
[root@ip-172-31-80-133 ~]# grub2-set-default 'CentOS Linux (5.4.207-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Core)'
[root@ip-172-31-80-133 ~]# grub2-editenv list
saved_entry=CentOS Linux (5.4.207-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Core)

重启并查看内核版本，已经是5.4.207了，

[root@ip-172-31-80-133 ~]# reboot
Connection to ec2-3-90-8-71.compute-1.amazonaws.com closed by remote host.
Connection to ec2-3-90-8-71.compute-1.amazonaws.com closed.
ubuntu@VM-20-5-ubuntu:~$ ssh centos@ec2-3-90-8-71.compute-1.amazonaws.com
Last login: Wed Jul 27 09:59:52 2022 from 175.178.63.22
[centos@ip-172-31-80-133 ~]$ uname -a
Linux ip-172-31-80-133.ec2.internal 5.4.207-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Jul 19 10:40:55 EDT 2022 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

安装内核开发包，

[root@ip-172-31-80-133 centos]# yum --enablerepo=elrepo-kernel install kernel-lt-devel
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: download.cf.centos.org
 * elrepo: mirror.pit.teraswitch.com
 * elrepo-kernel: mirror.pit.teraswitch.com
 * extras: download.cf.centos.org
 * updates: download.cf.centos.org
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package kernel-lt-devel.x86_64 0:5.4.207-1.el7.elrepo will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=====================================================================================================================
 Package                      Arch                Version                           Repository                  Size
=====================================================================================================================
Installing:
 kernel-lt-devel              x86_64              5.4.207-1.el7.elrepo              elrepo-kernel               13 M

Transaction Summary
=====================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total download size: 13 M
Installed size: 49 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
kernel-lt-devel-5.4.207-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64.rpm                                               |  13 MB  00:00:01     
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : kernel-lt-devel-5.4.207-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64                                                       1/1 
  Verifying  : kernel-lt-devel-5.4.207-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64                                                       1/1 

Installed:
  kernel-lt-devel.x86_64 0:5.4.207-1.el7.elrepo                                                                      

Complete!

参考文章：

How to Upgrade the Linux Kernel on CentOS 7 | PhoenixNAP KBhttps://phoenixnap.com/kb/how-to-upgrade-kernel-centos