sqlalchemy Column中default和server_default的区别

源码

app.py

from flask import Flask
from flask_migrate import Migrate
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
from sqlalchemy import text


class Config:
    SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI = 'sqlite:///test.db'


app = Flask(__name__)
app.config.from_object(Config)
db = SQLAlchemy(app)
Migrate(app=app, db=db)


class Test(db.Model):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    a = db.Column(db.String(32), default='aaa')
    b = db.Column(db.Integer, default=1)
    c = db.Column(db.Boolean, default=True)
    bb = db.Column(db.Integer, server_default=text('1'))
    cc = db.Column(db.Boolean, server_default=text('True'))


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

1. flask db init
2. flask db migrate
3. flask db upgrade

结果

-- auto-generated definition
create table test
(
    id INTEGER not null
        primary key,
    a  VARCHAR(32),
    b  INTEGER,
    c  BOOLEAN,
    aa VARCHAR(32) default 'aaa',
    bb INTEGER     default 1,
    cc BOOLEAN     default True,
    check (c IN (0, 1)),
    check (cc IN (0, 1))
);

结果分析

1. a, b, c三个字段DDL中并没有生成默认值
2. aa, bb, cc三个字段DDL中生成了对应的默认值
3. default使用sqlalchemy客户端在插入数据时将默认值传递给数据库
4. server_default则使用数据库来产生默认值

注意：
server_default仅支持字符串，整型或者布尔型需要使用text函数转换