VNC server搭建、VNC Viewer 客户端连接及常见错误处理（The connection closed unexpectedly）

thlzjfefe

已于 2024-04-17 21:41:45 修改

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文章标签： vnc viwer

于 2024-04-13 17:00:07 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/thlzjfefe/article/details/137715026

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本文详细介绍了在Ubuntu和麒麟系统上通过镜像和yum方式搭建VNC服务器的过程，包括使用docker镜像、配置端口、设置密码，以及使用VNCViewer连接远程桌面的步骤。同时列出了连接过程中可能遇到的常见错误及其处理方法。

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搭建vnc server

一、镜像方式，ubuntu下可以使用该方式

二、yum方式，麒麟系统下可以使用该方式

连接远程主机桌面

常见错误处理

VNC (Virtual Network Console)，虚拟网络控制台是一个图形桌面共享软件，允许您使用键盘和鼠标远程控制另一台计算机。

VNC是在基于UNIX和Linux操作系统的免费开源软件,远程控制能力强大,高效实用,具有平台无关的特性。国内以VNC为核心的软件有网络人远程控制软件。VNC几乎支持所有的图形界面的操作系统,并支持Java。多个VNC客户端"VNC Viewer"可以同时连接到服务器,流行的应用包括远程技术支持、相互传输两台计算机的文件等。

搭建vnc server

一、镜像方式，ubuntu下可以使用该方式

1、下载镜像

https://github.com/fcwu/docker-ubuntu-vnc-desktop

该镜像是含有ubuntu 通过docker运行的桌面环境，并接受vnc 的连接

docker pull dorowu/ubuntu-desktop-lxde-vnc

2、运行容器

1）只暴露容器的80端口，此时只能通过web的方式访问vnc

docker run --rm -itd --name vnc_test -p 6080:80 -v /dev/shm:/dev/shm dorowu/ubuntu-desktop-lxde-vnc

2）同时暴露80、5900端口，此时web、客户端工具都可以连接

docker run --rm -itd --name vnc_test -p 6080:80 -p 5900:5900 -v /dev/shm:/dev/shm dorowu/ubuntu-desktop-lxde-vnc

3）暴露80、5900端口的同时，设置VNC登录的密码：abc@123$

docker run --rm -itd --name vnc_test -p 6080:80 -p 5900:5900 -e VNC_PASSWORD=abc@123$ -v /dev/shm:/dev/shm dorowu/ubuntu-desktop-lxde-vnc

4）指定分辨率 -e RESOLUTION=1920x1080

docker run --rm -itd --name vnc_test -p 6080:80 -p 5900:5900 -e RESOLUTION=1920x1080 -e VNC_PASSWORD=abc@123$ -v /dev/shm:/dev/shm dorowu/ubuntu-desktop-lxde-vnc

二、yum方式，麒麟系统下可以使用该方式

1、查看是否安装了VNC

rpm -q tigervnc tigervnc-server

2、安装vnc client和server

yum install tigervnc tigervnc-server -y

3、设置vnc的登录（连接）密码

vncpasswd

4、启动vncserver@:1.service

[root@www ~]#  systemctl start vncserver@:1.service
Job for vncserver@:1.service failed because the control process exited with error code.
See "systemctl status vncserver@:1.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.



[root@www ~]# systemctl status vncserver@:1.service
● vncserver@:1.service - Remote desktop service (VNC)
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/vncserver@:1.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Wed 2024-04-17 16:08:23 CST; 1h 17min ago
  Process: 248162 ExecStart=/usr/libexec/vncsession-start :1 (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)

从命令的结果看，vncserver@:1.service启动失败，但是不影响服务的使用，继续用启动vnc server

5、启动 vnc server服务

vncserver默认启动的为“桌面号”为1的服务，即与命令vncserver :1等价

[root@www ~]# vncserver

WARNING: vncserver has been replaced by a systemd unit and is about to be removed in future releases.
Please read /usr/share/doc/tigervnc/HOWTO.md for more information.

New '192.168.1.56:1 (root)' desktop is 192.168.1.56.com:1

Starting applications specified in /root/.vnc/xstartup
Log file is /root/.vnc/192.168.1.56:1.log

vncserver启动成功，监听的端口为5901

启动“桌面号”为2的服务：vncserver :2，即端口为5902的服务

启动服务

vncserver :2

[root@www ~]# vncserver :2

WARNING: vncserver has been replaced by a systemd unit and is about to be removed in future releases.
Please read /usr/share/doc/tigervnc/HOWTO.md for more information.

New '192.168.1.56:2 (root)' desktop is 192.168.1.56:2

Starting applications specified in /root/.vnc/xstartup
Log file is /root/.vnc/192.168.1.56:2.log

注意：不需要再复制一个桌面号为2的vnc操作脚本，即不需要执行：cp /lib/systemd/system/vncserver@.service /etc/systemd/system/vncserver@:2.service，直接使用命令vncserver :2启动服务即可，同样启动5903的服务：vncserver :3

3）查看监听的端口

8、停止vnc server

vncserver -kill :1

注意：冒号后面紧跟着1

[root@www ~]# vncserver -kill :1

WARNING: vncserver has been replaced by a systemd unit and is about to be removed in future releases.
Please read /usr/share/doc/tigervnc/HOWTO.md for more information.
Killing Xvnc process ID 248181

9、查看vncserver@:1.service配置

[root@www ~]# cat /etc/systemd/system/vncserver@:1.service
# The vncserver service unit file
#
# Quick HowTo:
# 1. Add a user mapping to /etc/tigervnc/vncserver.users.
# 2. Adjust the global or user configuration. See the
#    vncsession(8) manpage for details. (OPTIONAL)
# 3. Run `systemctl enable vncserver@:<display>.service`
# 4. Run `systemctl start vncserver@:<display>.service`
#
# DO NOT RUN THIS SERVICE if your local area network is
# untrusted!  For a secure way of using VNC, you should
# limit connections to the local host and then tunnel from
# the machine you want to view VNC on (host A) to the machine
# whose VNC output you want to view (host B)
#
# [user@hostA ~]$ ssh -v -C -L 590N:localhost:590M hostB
#
# this will open a connection on port 590N of your hostA to hostB's port 590M
# (in fact, it ssh-connects to hostB and then connects to localhost (on hostB).
# See the ssh man page for details on port forwarding)
#
# You can then point a VNC client on hostA at vncdisplay N of localhost and with
# the help of ssh, you end up seeing what hostB makes available on port 590M
#
# Use "nolisten=tcp" to prevent X connections to your VNC server via TCP.
#
# Use "localhost" to prevent remote VNC clients connecting except when
# doing so through a secure tunnel.  See the "-via" option in the
# `man vncviewer' manual page.


[Unit]
Description=Remote desktop service (VNC)
After=syslog.target network.target

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/libexec/vncsession-start %i
PIDFile=/run/vncsession-%i.pid
SELinuxContext=system_u:system_r:vnc_session_t:s0

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target