栈及其基本代码
栈一般用数组,把数组尾部当作栈顶。
队列一般用链表,头尾指针。
栈
栈:顶部出顶部进。
在数组栈中,数组的后边作为栈顶进行进出操作。
基础代码
Stack.h
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
typedef int STDataType;
typedef struct Stack
{
STDataType* a;
int top;
int capacity;
}ST;
void STInit(ST* pst);
void STDestroy(ST* pst);
void STPush(ST* pst, int x);
void STPop(ST* pst);
STDataType STTop(ST* pst);
bool STEmpty(ST* pst);
int STSize(ST* pst);
Stack.c
#include "Stack.h"
void STInit(ST* pst)
{
assert(pst);
pst->a = NULL;
pst->top = 0; //top指向栈顶元素的下一个。
pst->capacity = 0;
}
void STDestroy(ST* pst)
{
assert(pst);
free(pst->a);
pst->a = NULL;
pst->top = 0;
pst->capacity = 0;
}
void STPush(ST* pst, int x) //容量是能容纳的量,不是已经存储的多少。
{
if (pst->top == pst->capacity)
{
int newcapacity = pst->capacity == 0 ? 4 : pst->capacity * 2;
STDataType *tmp = (STDataType*)realloc(pst->a, newcapacity*sizeof(STDataType));
if (tmp == NULL)
{
perror("realloc fail");
return;
}
pst->a = tmp;
pst->capacity = newcapacity;
}
pst->a[pst->top] = x;
pst->top++;
}
void STPop(ST* pst)
{
assert(pst);
assert(!STEmpty(pst));
pst->top--;
}
STDataType STTop(ST* pst)
{
assert(pst);
return pst->a[pst->top - 1];
}
bool STEmpty(ST* pst)
{
assert(pst);
return pst->top == 0;
}
int STSize(ST* pst)
{
assert(pst);
return pst->top;
}
test.c
#include "Stack.h"
void TestStack1()
{
ST st;
STInit(&st);
STPush(&st, 1);
STPush(&st, 2);
printf("%d ", STTop(&st));
STPop(&st);
STPush(&st, 3);
STPush(&st, 4);
while (!STEmpty(&st))
{
printf("%d ", STTop(&st));
STPop(&st);
}
STDestroy(&st);
}
int main()
{
TestStack1();
return 0;
}
队列及其基本代码:
队列:
先进先出,队头出数据(删除数据),队尾进数据(插入数据);
基础代码:
Queue.h
#include <stdio.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
typedef int QDataType;
typedef struct QueueNode
{
struct QueueNode* next; //这个指针指向下一个的地址。
QDataType data;
}QNode;
typedef struct Queue
{
QNode* phead;
QNode* ptail;
int size;
}Queue;
void QueueInit(Queue* pq);
void QueueDestroy(Queue* pq);
void QueuePush(Queue* pq, QDataType x);
void QueuePop(Queue* pq);
QDataType QueueFront(Queue* pq);
QDataType QueueBack(Queue* pq);
int QueueSize(Queue* pq);
bool QueueEmpty(Queue* pq);
Queue.c
#include "Queue.h"
void QueueInit(Queue* pq)
{
assert(pq);
pq->phead = NULL;
pq->ptail = NULL;
pq->size = 0;
}
void QueueDestroy(Queue* pq)
{
assert(pq);
QNode* cur = pq->ptail;
while (cur)
{
QNode* next = cur->next;
free(cur);
cur = next;
}
pq->ptail = pq->phead=NULL;
pq->size = 0;
}
void QueuePush(Queue* pq, QDataType x)
{
assert(pq);
QNode* newnode = (QNode*)malloc(sizeof(QNode));
if (newnode == NULL)
{
perror("malloc fail\n");
return;
}
newnode->data = x;
newnode->next = NULL;
if (pq->ptail == NULL)
{
assert(pq->phead == NULL);
pq->phead = pq->ptail = newnode;
}
else
{
pq->ptail->next = newnode;
pq->ptail = newnode;
}
pq->size++;
}
void QueuePop(Queue* pq)
{
assert(pq);
assert(!QueueEmpty(pq));
//一个节点或者两个节点。
if (pq->phead->next == NULL)
{
free(pq->phead);
pq->phead = pq->ptail = NULL;
}
else
{
QNode* next = pq->phead->next;
free(pq->phead);
pq->phead = next;
}
pq->size--;
}
QDataType QueueFront(Queue* pq)
{
assert(pq);
assert(!QueueEmpty(pq));
return pq->phead->data;
}
QDataType QueueBack(Queue* pq)
{
assert(pq);
assert(!QueueEmpty(pq));
return pq->ptail->data;
}
int QueueSize(Queue* pq)
{
assert(pq);
return pq->size;
}
bool QueueEmpty(Queue* pq)
{
assert(pq);
return pq->size == 0;
}
Test.c
#include "Queue.h"
void TestQueue()
{
Queue q;
QueueInit(&q);
QueuePush(&q, 1);
QueuePush(&q, 2);
QueuePush(&q, 3);
QueuePush(&q, 4);
QueuePush(&q, 5);
QueuePop(&q);
QueuePush(&q, 6);
QueuePush(&q, 7);
while (!QueueEmpty(&q))
{
printf("%d ", QueueFront(&q));
QueuePop(&q);
}
QueueDestroy(&q);
}
int main()
{
TestQueue();
return 0;
}
代码
括号匹配问题:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
typedef char STDataType;
typedef struct Stack
{
STDataType* a;
int top;
int capacity;
}ST;
void STInit(ST* pst);
void STDestroy(ST* pst);
void STPush(ST* pst, STDataType x);
void STPop(ST* pst);
STDataType STTop(ST* pst);
bool STEmpty(ST* pst);
int STSize(ST* pst);
void STInit(ST* pst)
{
assert(pst);
pst->a = NULL;
pst->top = 0;
pst->capacity = 0;
}
void STDestroy(ST* pst)
{
assert(pst);
free(pst->a);
pst->a = NULL;
pst->top = 0;
pst->capacity = 0;
}
void STPush(ST* pst, STDataType x)
{
if (pst->top == pst->capacity)
{
int newcapacity = pst->capacity == 0 ? 4 : pst->capacity * 2;
STDataType* tmp = (STDataType*)realloc(pst->a, newcapacity * sizeof(STDataType));
if (tmp == NULL)
{
perror("realloc fail");
return;
}
pst->a = tmp;
pst->capacity = newcapacity;
}
pst->a[pst->top] = x;
pst->top++;
}
void STPop(ST* pst)
{
assert(pst);
assert(!STEmpty(pst));
pst->top--;
}
STDataType STTop(ST* pst)
{
assert(pst);
return pst->a[pst->top - 1];
}
bool STEmpty(ST* pst)
{
assert(pst);
return pst->top == 0;
}
int STSize(ST* pst)
{
assert(pst);
return pst->top;
}
bool isValid(char* s) {
ST st;
STInit(&st);
while (*s)
{
if (*s == '('
|| *s == '['
|| *s == '{')
{
STPush(&st, *s);
s++;
}
else
{
if (STEmpty(&st))
{
STDestroy(&st);
return false;
}
STDataType top = STTop(&st);
STPop(&st);
if (*s == ')' && top != '(' || *s == '}' && top != '{' || *s == ']' && top != '[')
{
STDestroy(&st);
return false;
}
else { s++; }
}
}
bool ret = STEmpty(&st);
STDestroy(&st);
return ret;
}
两个队列实现一个栈
typedef int QDataType;
typedef struct QueueNode
{
struct QueueNode* next;
QDataType data;
}QNode;
typedef struct Queue
{
QNode* phead;
QNode* ptail;
int size;
}Queue;
void QueueInit(Queue* pq);
void QueueDestroy(Queue* pq);
void QueuePush(Queue* pq, QDataType x);
void QueuePop(Queue* pq);
QDataType QueueFront(Queue* pq);
QDataType QueueBack(Queue* pq);
int QueueSize(Queue* pq);
bool QueueEmpty(Queue* pq);
void QueueInit(Queue* pq)
{
assert(pq);
pq->phead = NULL;
pq->ptail = NULL;
pq->size = 0;
}
void QueueDestroy(Queue* pq)
{
assert(pq);
QNode* cur = pq->ptail;
while (cur)
{
QNode* next = cur->next;
free(cur);
cur = next;
}
pq->ptail = pq->phead=NULL;
pq->size = 0;
}
void QueuePush(Queue* pq, QDataType x)
{
assert(pq);
QNode* newnode = (QNode*)malloc(sizeof(QNode));
if (newnode == NULL)
{
perror("malloc fail\n");
return;
}
newnode->data = x;
newnode->next = NULL;
if (pq->ptail == NULL)
{
assert(pq->phead == NULL);
pq->phead = pq->ptail = newnode;
}
else
{
pq->ptail->next = newnode;
pq->ptail = newnode;
}
pq->size++;
}
void QueuePop(Queue* pq)
{
assert(pq);
assert(!QueueEmpty(pq));
//一个节点或者两个节点。
if (pq->phead->next == NULL)
{
free(pq->phead);
pq->phead = pq->ptail = NULL;
}
else
{
QNode* next = pq->phead->next;
free(pq->phead);
pq->phead = next;
}
pq->size--;
}
QDataType QueueFront(Queue* pq)
{
assert(pq);
assert(!QueueEmpty(pq));
return pq->phead->data;
}
QDataType QueueBack(Queue* pq)
{
assert(pq);
assert(!QueueEmpty(pq));
return pq->ptail->data;
}
int QueueSize(Queue* pq)
{
assert(pq);
return pq->size;
}
bool QueueEmpty(Queue* pq)
{
assert(pq);
return pq->size == 0;
}
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
typedef char STDataType;
typedef struct Stack
{
STDataType* a;
int top;
int capacity;
}ST;
void STInit(ST* pst);
void STDestroy(ST* pst);
void STPush(ST* pst, STDataType x);
void STPop(ST* pst);
STDataType STTop(ST* pst);
bool STEmpty(ST* pst);
int STSize(ST* pst);
void STInit(ST* pst)
{
assert(pst);
pst->a = NULL;
pst->top = 0;
pst->capacity = 0;
}
void STDestroy(ST* pst)
{
assert(pst);
free(pst->a);
pst->a = NULL;
pst->top = 0;
pst->capacity = 0;
}
void STPush(ST* pst, STDataType x)
{
if (pst->top == pst->capacity)
{
int newcapacity = pst->capacity == 0 ? 4 : pst->capacity * 2;
STDataType* tmp = (STDataType*)realloc(pst->a, newcapacity * sizeof(STDataType));
if (tmp == NULL)
{
perror("realloc fail");
return;
}
pst->a = tmp;
pst->capacity = newcapacity;
}
pst->a[pst->top] = x;
pst->top++;
}
void STPop(ST* pst)
{
assert(pst);
assert(!STEmpty(pst));
pst->top--;
}
STDataType STTop(ST* pst)
{
assert(pst);
return pst->a[pst->top - 1];
}
bool STEmpty(ST* pst)
{
assert(pst);
return pst->top == 0;
}
int STSize(ST* pst)
{
assert(pst);
return pst->top;
}
typedef struct
{
Queue q1;
Queue q2;
} MyStack;
MyStack* myStackCreate()
{
MyStack* obj=(MyStack*)malloc(sizeof(MyStack));
if(obj==NULL)
{
perror("malloc fail");
return NULL;
}
QueueInit(&obj->q1);
QueueInit(&obj->q2);
return obj;
}
void myStackPush(MyStack* obj, int x)
{
if(!QueueEmpty(&obj->q1))
{
QueuePush(&obj->q1,x);
}
else
{
QueuePush(&obj->q2,x);
}
}
int myStackPop(MyStack* obj)
{
Queue*pEmpty=&obj->q1;
Queue*pNonEmpty=&obj->q2;
if(!QueueEmpty(pEmpty))
{
pEmpty=&obj->q2;
pNonEmpty=&obj->q1;
}
while(QueueSize(pNonEmpty)>1)
{
QueuePush(pEmpty,QueueFront(pNonEmpty));
QueuePop(pNonEmpty);
}
int top=QueueFront(pNonEmpty);
QueuePop(pNonEmpty);
return top;
}
int myStackTop(MyStack* obj)
{
if(!QueueEmpty(&obj->q1))
{
return QueueBack(&obj->q1);
}
else{
return QueueBack(&obj->q2);
}
}
bool myStackEmpty(MyStack* obj) {
return QueueEmpty(&obj->q1)&&QueueEmpty(&obj->q2);
}
void myStackFree(MyStack* obj) {
free(obj);
}
两个栈实现一个队列
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
typedef char STDataType;
typedef struct Stack
{
STDataType* a;
int top;
int capacity;
}ST;
void STInit(ST* pst);
void STDestroy(ST* pst);
void STPush(ST* pst, STDataType x);
void STPop(ST* pst);
STDataType STTop(ST* pst);
bool STEmpty(ST* pst);
int STSize(ST* pst);
void STInit(ST* pst)
{
assert(pst);
pst->a = NULL;
pst->top = 0; //top指向栈顶元素的下一个。
pst->capacity = 0;
}
void STDestroy(ST* pst)
{
assert(pst);
free(pst->a);
pst->a = NULL;
pst->top = 0;
pst->capacity = 0;
}
void STPush(ST* pst, STDataType x)
{
if (pst->top == pst->capacity)
{
int newcapacity = pst->capacity == 0 ? 4 : pst->capacity * 2;
STDataType *tmp = (STDataType*)realloc(pst->a, newcapacity*sizeof(STDataType));
if (tmp == NULL)
{
perror("realloc fail");
return;
}
pst->a = tmp;
pst->capacity = newcapacity;
}
pst->a[pst->top] = x;
pst->top++;
}
void STPop(ST* pst)
{
assert(pst);
assert(!STEmpty(pst));
pst->top--;
}
STDataType STTop(ST* pst)
{
assert(pst);
return pst->a[pst->top - 1];
}
bool STEmpty(ST* pst)
{
assert(pst);
return pst->top == 0;
}
int STSize(ST* pst)
{
assert(pst);
return pst->top;
}
typedef int QDataType;
typedef struct QueueNode
{
struct QueueNode* next;
QDataType data;
}QNode;
typedef struct Queue
{
QNode* phead;
QNode* ptail;
int size;
}Queue;
void QueueInit(Queue* pq);
void QueueDestroy(Queue* pq);
void QueuePush(Queue* pq, QDataType x);
void QueuePop(Queue* pq);
QDataType QueueFront(Queue* pq);
QDataType QueueBack(Queue* pq);
int QueueSize(Queue* pq);
bool QueueEmpty(Queue* pq);
void QueueInit(Queue* pq)
{
assert(pq);
pq->phead = NULL;
pq->ptail = NULL;
pq->size = 0;
}
void QueueDestroy(Queue* pq)
{
assert(pq);
QNode* cur = pq->ptail;
while (cur)
{
QNode* next = cur->next;
free(cur);
cur = next;
}
pq->ptail = pq->phead=NULL;
pq->size = 0;
}
void QueuePush(Queue* pq, QDataType x)
{
assert(pq);
QNode* newnode = (QNode*)malloc(sizeof(QNode));
if (newnode == NULL)
{
perror("malloc fail\n");
return;
}
newnode->data = x;
newnode->next = NULL;
if (pq->ptail == NULL)
{
assert(pq->phead == NULL);
pq->phead = pq->ptail = newnode;
}
else
{
pq->ptail->next = newnode;
pq->ptail = newnode;
}
pq->size++;
}
void QueuePop(Queue* pq)
{
assert(pq);
assert(!QueueEmpty(pq));
//一个节点或者两个节点。
if (pq->phead->next == NULL)
{
free(pq->phead);
pq->phead = pq->ptail = NULL;
}
else
{
QNode* next = pq->phead->next;
free(pq->phead);
pq->phead = next;
}
pq->size--;
}
QDataType QueueFront(Queue* pq)
{
assert(pq);
assert(!QueueEmpty(pq));
return pq->phead->data;
}
QDataType QueueBack(Queue* pq)
{
assert(pq);
assert(!QueueEmpty(pq));
return pq->ptail->data;
}
int QueueSize(Queue* pq)
{
assert(pq);
return pq->size;
}
bool QueueEmpty(Queue* pq)
{
assert(pq);
return pq->size == 0;
}
typedef struct {
ST pushst;
ST popst;
} MyQueue;
MyQueue* myQueueCreate() {
MyQueue*obj=(MyQueue*)malloc(sizeof(MyQueue));
STInit(&obj->pushst);
STInit(&obj->popst);
return obj;
}
void myQueuePush(MyQueue* obj, int x) {
STPush(&obj->pushst,x);
}
int myQueuePop(MyQueue* obj) {
int front=myQueuePeek(obj);
STPop(&obj->popst);
return front;
}
int myQueuePeek(MyQueue* obj) {
if(STEmpty(&obj->popst))
{
while(!STEmpty(&obj->pushst))
{
STPush(&obj->popst,STTop(&obj->pushst));
STPop(&obj->pushst);
}
}
return STTop(&obj->popst);
}
bool myQueueEmpty(MyQueue* obj) {
return STEmpty(&obj->pushst)&&STEmpty(&obj->popst);
}
void myQueueFree(MyQueue* obj) {
STDestroy(&obj->pushst);
STDestroy(&obj->popst);
free(obj);
}
循环队列
typedef struct {
int front;
int rear;
int k;
int *a;
} MyCircularQueue;
void myCircularQueueFree(MyCircularQueue* obj);
bool myCircularQueueIsFull(MyCircularQueue* obj);
bool myCircularQueueIsEmpty(MyCircularQueue* obj);
int myCircularQueueRear(MyCircularQueue* obj);
int myCircularQueueFront(MyCircularQueue* obj);
bool myCircularQueueDeQueue(MyCircularQueue* obj);
bool myCircularQueueEnQueue(MyCircularQueue* obj, int value) ;
MyCircularQueue* myCircularQueueCreate(int k) {
MyCircularQueue *obj=(MyCircularQueue*)malloc(sizeof(MyCircularQueue));
obj->a=(int*)malloc(sizeof(int)*(k+1));
obj->front=obj->rear=0;
obj->k=k;
return obj;
}
bool myCircularQueueEnQueue(MyCircularQueue* obj, int value) {
if(myCircularQueueIsFull(obj))
{
return false;
}
obj->a[obj->rear]=value;
obj->rear++;
obj->rear=obj->rear%(obj->k+1);
return true;
}
bool myCircularQueueDeQueue(MyCircularQueue* obj) {
if(myCircularQueueIsEmpty(obj))
{
return false;
}
obj->front++;
obj->front=obj->front%(obj->k+1);
return true;
}
int myCircularQueueFront(MyCircularQueue* obj) {
if(myCircularQueueIsEmpty(obj))
{
return -1;
}
return obj->a[obj->front];
}
int myCircularQueueRear(MyCircularQueue* obj) {
if(myCircularQueueIsEmpty(obj))
{
return -1;
}
return obj->a[(obj->rear+obj->k)%(obj->k+1)];
}
bool myCircularQueueIsEmpty(MyCircularQueue* obj) {
return obj->front==obj->rear;
}
bool myCircularQueueIsFull(MyCircularQueue* obj) {
return (obj->rear+1)%(obj->k+1)==obj->front;
}
void myCircularQueueFree(MyCircularQueue* obj) {
free(obj->a);
free(obj);
}