spring事务管理几种配置

Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分，分别是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制这三部分，无论哪种配置方式，一般变化的只是代理机制这部分。

DataSource、TransactionManager这两部分只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化，比如使用Hibernate进行数据访问时，DataSource实际为SessionFactory，TransactionManager的实现为 HibernateTransactionManager。



根据代理机制的不同，总结了五种Spring事务的配置方式，配置文件如下：


第一种方式：每个Bean都有一个代理

Java代码
<bean id="sessionFactory"    
           class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">    
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />    
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />  
    </bean>    
  
    <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->    
    <bean id="transactionManager"  
       class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">  
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
    </bean>  
     
    <!-- 配置DAO -->  
    <bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">  
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
    </bean>  
     
    <bean id="userDao"    
       class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">    
           <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->    
           <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />       
        <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />    
         <property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao" />  
        <!-- 配置事务属性 -->    
        <property name="transactionAttributes">    
            <props>    
                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>  
            </props>    
        </property>    
    </bean>    
lt;/beans>  

<bean id="sessionFactory"               class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">           <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />           <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />     </bean>        <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->       <bean id="transactionManager"         class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />     </bean>          <!-- 配置DAO -->     <bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />     </bean>          <bean id="userDao"           class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">              <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->              <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />              <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />            <property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao" />         <!-- 配置事务属性 -->           <property name="transactionAttributes">               <props>                   <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>             </props>           </property>       </bean>   </beans>

第二种方式：所有Bean共享一个代理基类

Java代码
<bean id="sessionFactory"    
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">    
         <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />    
         <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />  
     </bean>    
  
     <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->    
     <bean id="transactionManager"  
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">  
         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
     </bean>  
      
     <bean id="transactionBase"    
            class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"    
             lazy-init="true" abstract="true">    
         <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->    
         <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />    
         <!-- 配置事务属性 -->    
         <property name="transactionAttributes">    
             <props>    
                 <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>    
             </props>    
         </property>    
     </bean>      
     
     <!-- 配置DAO -->  
     <bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">  
         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
     </bean>  
      
     <bean id="userDao" parent="transactionBase" >    
         <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />     
     </bean>  
</beans>



第三种方式：使用拦截器

Java代码
<bean id="sessionFactory"    
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">    
         <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />    
         <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />  
     </bean>    
  
     <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->    
     <bean id="transactionManager"  
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">  
         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
     </bean>   
     
     <bean id="transactionInterceptor"    
        class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">    
         <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />    
         <!-- 配置事务属性 -->    
         <property name="transactionAttributes">    
             <props>    
                 <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>    
             </props>    
         </property>    
     </bean>  
        
     <bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">    
         <property name="beanNames">    
             <list>    
                 <value>*Dao</value>  
             </list>    
         </property>    
         <property name="interceptorNames">    
             <list>    
                 <value>transactionInterceptor</value>    
             </list>    
         </property>    
     </bean>    
    
     <!-- 配置DAO -->  
     <bean id="userDao" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">  
         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
     </bean>  
</beans>  

<bean id="sessionFactory"               class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">           <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />           <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />     </bean>        <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->       <bean id="transactionManager"         class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />     </bean>          <bean id="transactionInterceptor"           class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">           <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />           <!-- 配置事务属性 -->           <property name="transactionAttributes">               <props>                   <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>               </props>           </property>       </bean>            <bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">           <property name="beanNames">               <list>                   <value>*Dao</value>             </list>           </property>           <property name="interceptorNames">               <list>                   <value>transactionInterceptor</value>               </list>           </property>       </bean>          <!-- 配置DAO -->     <bean id="userDao" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />     </bean> </beans>

第四种方式：使用tx标签配置的拦截器

Java代码
<context:annotation-config />  
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />  
  
    <bean id="sessionFactory"    
           class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">    
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />    
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />  
    </bean>    
  
    <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->    
    <bean id="transactionManager"  
       class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">  
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
    </bean>  
  
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">  
        <tx:attributes>  
            <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
        </tx:attributes>  
    </tx:advice>  
     
    <aop:config>  
        <aop:pointcut id="interceptorPointCuts"  
            expression="execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" />  
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice"  
            pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" />          
    </aop:config>        
</beans>


<context:annotation-config />     <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />      <bean id="sessionFactory"               class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">           <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />           <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />     </bean>        <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->       <bean id="transactionManager"         class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />     </bean>      <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">         <tx:attributes>             <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" />         </tx:attributes>     </tx:advice>          <aop:config>         <aop:pointcut id="interceptorPointCuts"             expression="execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" />         <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice"             pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" />             </aop:config>       </beans>

第五种方式：全注解

Java代码
<context:annotation-config />  
     <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />  
  
     <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>  
  
     <bean id="sessionFactory"    
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">    
         <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />    
         <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />  
     </bean>    
  
     <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->    
     <bean id="transactionManager"  
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">  
         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
     </bean>  
      
</beans>  

<context:annotation-config />     <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />      <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>      <bean id="sessionFactory"               class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">           <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />           <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />     </bean>        <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->       <bean id="transactionManager"         class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />     </bean>      </beans>
此时在DAO上需加上@Transactional注解，如下：

Java代码
package com.bluesky.spring.dao;  
  
import java.util.List;  
  
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;  
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;  
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;  
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;  
  
import com.bluesky.spring.domain.User;  
  
@Transactional  
@Component("userDao")  
public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao {  
  
    public List<User> listUsers() {  
        return this.getSession().createQuery("from User").list();  
     }  
      
      
}