用元胞自动机实现 一维空间下热量扩散模拟

这个实例基于以下规则实现了 一维空间下的温度扩散的模拟：

• 温度从高到低扩散；
• 每一轮热量传递量为1；
• 温度可扩散到周围2个元胞中；

示例如下：

刚开始如第一幅图，在中间位置有个高温点，然后热量不断向两端扩散。最后如第二张图所示，热量达到平衡。

WPF的界面代码如下：

<Window x:Class="CellularAutomata.WinTemperatureDiffusionSimulation"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:CellularAutomata"
        mc:Ignorable="d"
        Title="WinTemperatureDiffusionSimulation" Height="450" Width="800">
    <UniformGrid Name="uGrid0">
        
    </UniformGrid>
</Window>

C# 的后端模拟代码如下：

using System;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Threading;

namespace CellularAutomata
{
    /// <summary>
    /// WinTemperatureDiffusionSimulation.xaml 的交互逻辑
    /// 温度扩散模拟实现
    /// </summary>
    public partial class WinTemperatureDiffusionSimulation : Window
    {
        private static readonly SolidColorBrush LiveColor = Brushes.Blue;
        private static readonly SolidColorBrush DeadColor = Brushes.Red;
        private const int ColCount = 1;
        private const int RowCount = 11;
        private const int MinNum_Live = 2;
        private const int MaxNum_Live = 6;
        private const int MinNum_Procreation = 3;

        /// <summary>
        /// 最小温度差，小于这个数就不发生热量传递
        /// </summary>
        private const int MinNum_TemperatureDifference = 1;
        private static readonly int[][] AroundIdxList = new int[][]
        {
            new int[]{ -1,-1},
            new int[]{ -1,0},
            new int[]{ -1,1},
            new int[]{ 0,-1},
            //new int[]{ 0,0},
            new int[]{ 0,1},
            new int[]{ 1,-1},
            new int[]{ 1,0},
            new int[]{ 1,1},
        };
        private readonly int[,] list;
        private readonly TextBlock[,] ctrllist;
        private readonly DispatcherTimer timer;
        private int showTurn;
        private readonly Random random;

        public WinTemperatureDiffusionSimulation()
        {
            InitializeComponent();

            // 初始化控件列表和 后台记录温度值的数组
            random = new Random(DateTime.Now.Millisecond);
            uGrid0.Rows = RowCount;
            uGrid0.Columns = ColCount;
            list = new int[RowCount, ColCount];
            ctrllist = new TextBlock[RowCount, ColCount];
            for (int i = 0; i < RowCount; i++)
            {
                for (int j = 0; j < ColCount; j++)
                {
                    TextBlock txt = new TextBlock
                    {
                        Foreground = Brushes.White,
                        TextAlignment = TextAlignment.Center,

                    };
                    uGrid0.Children.Add(txt);
                    ctrllist[i, j] = txt;
                }
            }

            // 设定初始高温点
            list[RowCount / 2, ColCount / 2] = 400;
            //list[0, 0] = 70;
            UpdateCtrl();

            // 开始演变
            timer = new DispatcherTimer
            {
                Interval = new TimeSpan(0, 0, 0, 0, 10)
            };
            timer.Tick += Timer_Tick;
            timer.Start();
        }

        private void Timer_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            // 计算这一轮温度的变化值
            int[,] templist = new int[RowCount, ColCount];
            for (int i = 0; i < RowCount; i++)
            {
                for (int j = 0; j < ColCount; j++)
                {
                    UpdateTemperature(templist, i, j);
                }
            }
            // 更新温度
            for (int i = 0; i < RowCount; i++)
            {
                for (int j = 0; j < ColCount; j++)
                {
                    list[i, j] += templist[i, j];
                }
            }
            // 每演变N轮更新一次界面
            if (showTurn++ >= 10)
            {
                showTurn = 0;
                // 更新界面
                UpdateCtrl();
            }
        }

        public void UpdateTemperature(int[,] templist, int rowIdx, int colIdx)
        {
            // 简易版的模拟。使用遍历的方式 只能模拟一维空间，2维不能模拟
            // 遍历周遭元胞，计算热量传递量。
            // 为了避免重复计算，只考虑从高到低的传递。
            foreach (int[] item in AroundIdxList)
            {
                int tempCIdx = colIdx + item[0];
                if (tempCIdx < 0 || tempCIdx >= ColCount)
                {
                    continue;
                }
                int tempRIdx = rowIdx + item[1];
                if (tempRIdx < 0 || tempRIdx >= RowCount)
                {
                    continue;
                }

                int diff;
                // diff = HeatConduction(list[rowIdx, colIdx], list[tempRIdx, tempCIdx]);

                // 本轮开始前有温度差 且本轮计入的热量传递后还有温度差时 才发生热量传递。
                if (list[rowIdx, colIdx] - list[tempRIdx, tempCIdx] > MinNum_TemperatureDifference
                   && list[rowIdx, colIdx] + templist[rowIdx, colIdx] - list[tempRIdx, tempCIdx]
                   > MinNum_TemperatureDifference)
                {
                    diff = HeatConduction(list[rowIdx, colIdx], list[tempRIdx, tempCIdx]);
                    templist[rowIdx, colIdx] -= diff;
                    templist[tempRIdx, tempCIdx] += diff;
                }

            }
        }

        public int HeatConduction(int tempHeiht, int tempLow)
        {
            double diff = (tempHeiht - tempLow);
            // 有温度差
            if (diff > MinNum_TemperatureDifference)
            {
                // 简易版热量传递为1 ，
                return 1;
                // 复杂版则根据热量差值 决定传递量(未完成）
                //return (int)Math.Ceiling(0.35 * Math.Pow(diff, 0.9));
            }
            else
            {
                return 0;
            }
        }

        public void UpdateCtrl()
        {
            // 从内存ctrllist的值更新，每个元胞的温度值和颜色
            for (int i = 0; i < RowCount; i++)
            {
                for (int j = 0; j < ColCount; j++)
                {
                    ctrllist[i, j].Text = list[i, j].ToString();
                    //byte value;
                    //double dValue = Math.Abs(list[i, j]);
                    //double maxV = 100;// 最高温度
                    //dValue = 0xFF - (maxV - dValue) / (maxV / 0xFF);
                    //value = (byte)dValue;
                    if (list[i, j] >= 200)
                    {
                        ctrllist[i, j].Foreground = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromRgb(255, 255, 255));
                        ctrllist[i, j].Background = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromRgb(0xFF, 0x00, 0x00));
                    }
                    else if (list[i, j] >= 100)
                    {
                        ctrllist[i, j].Foreground = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromRgb(255, 255, 255));
                        ctrllist[i, j].Background = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromRgb(0xFF, 40, 40));
                    }
                    else if (list[i, j] >= 50)
                    {
                        ctrllist[i, j].Foreground = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromRgb(255, 255, 255));
                        ctrllist[i, j].Background = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromRgb(0xFF, 130, 130));
                    }
                    else if (list[i, j] >= 20)
                    {
                        ctrllist[i, j].Foreground = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromRgb(0, 0, 0));
                        ctrllist[i, j].Background = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromRgb(0xFF, 190, 190));
                    }
                    else if (list[i, j] > 0)
                    {
                        ctrllist[i, j].Foreground = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromRgb(0, 0, 0));
                        ctrllist[i, j].Background = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromRgb(0xFF, 220, 220));
                    }
                    else if (list[i, j] == 0)
                    {
                        ctrllist[i, j].Foreground = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromRgb(0, 0, 0));
                        ctrllist[i, j].Background = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromRgb(0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF));
                    }
                    else if (list[i, j] > -20)
                    {
                        ctrllist[i, j].Foreground = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromRgb(0, 0, 0));
                        ctrllist[i, j].Background = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromRgb(220, 220, 0xFF));
                    }
                    else if (list[i, j] > -50)
                    {
                        ctrllist[i, j].Foreground = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromRgb(255, 255, 255));
                        ctrllist[i, j].Background = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromRgb(190, 190, 0xFF));
                    }
                    else if (list[i, j] > -100)
                    {
                        ctrllist[i, j].Foreground = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromRgb(255, 255, 255));
                        ctrllist[i, j].Background = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromRgb(130, 130, 0xFF));
                    }
                    else if (list[i, j] > -200)
                    {
                        ctrllist[i, j].Foreground = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromRgb(255, 255, 255));
                        ctrllist[i, j].Background = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromRgb(40, 40, 0xFF));
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        ctrllist[i, j].Foreground = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromRgb(255, 255, 255));
                        ctrllist[i, j].Background = new SolidColorBrush(Color.FromRgb(0x00, 0x00, 0xFF));
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}