sysctl

在kernel/sysctl.c 中有定义sysctl_init
int __init sysctl_init(void)
{
	struct ctl_table_header *hdr;

	hdr = register_sysctl_table(sysctl_base_table);
	kmemleak_not_leak(hdr);
	return 0;
}
这个函数会在proc/sys 目录下新建四个目录，这四个新建的目录是在sysctl_base_table 中有定义
static struct ctl_table sysctl_base_table[] = {
	{
		.procname	= "kernel",
		.mode		= 0555,
		.child		= kern_table,
	},
	{
		.procname	= "vm",
		.mode		= 0555,
		.child		= vm_table,
	},
	{
		.procname	= "fs",
		.mode		= 0555,
		.child		= fs_table,
	},
	{
		.procname	= "debug",
		.mode		= 0555,
		.child		= debug_table,
	},
	{
		.procname	= "dev",
		.mode		= 0555,
		.child		= dev_table,
	},
	{ }
};

这四个目录下可以新建子目录或者新建文件，以kernel 这个目录为例
static struct ctl_table kern_table[] = {
	{
		.procname	= "sched_child_runs_first",
		.data		= &sysctl_sched_child_runs_first,
		.maxlen		= sizeof(unsigned int),
		.mode		= 0644,
		.proc_handler	= proc_dointvec,
	},
}
通过cat 就可以读取或者echo就可以改变sched_child_runs_first 这个参数的值。从proc_dointvec 可以知道这个值是int类型的extern unsigned int sysctl_sched_child_runs_first;

如果想在自己的驱动中往proc/sys下面添加目录或者文件的话，可以参考下面在net目录下添加net/ipv4/route
static __net_init int sysctl_route_net_init(struct net *net)
{
	struct ctl_table *tbl;

	tbl = ipv4_route_flush_table;
	if (!net_eq(net, &init_net)) {
		tbl = kmemdup(tbl, sizeof(ipv4_route_flush_table), GFP_KERNEL);
		if (!tbl)
			goto err_dup;

		/* Don't export sysctls to unprivileged users */
		if (net->user_ns != &init_user_ns)
			tbl[0].procname = NULL;
	}
	tbl[0].extra1 = net;

	net->ipv4.route_hdr = register_net_sysctl(net, "net/ipv4/route", tbl);
	if (!net->ipv4.route_hdr)
		goto err_reg;
	return 0;

err_reg:
	if (tbl != ipv4_route_flush_table)
		kfree(tbl);
err_dup:
	return -ENOMEM;
}
那我们看看register_net_sysctl 是如何添加的呢？
struct ctl_table_header *register_net_sysctl(struct net *net,
	const char *path, struct ctl_table *table)
{
//可以看到代表net device的struct net *net 有一个变量代表/proc/sys/net 这个sysctl的路径。第二个参数path 表示要插入的路径，第三个参数表示ctl_table *table
	return __register_sysctl_table(&net->sysctls, path, table);
}

struct ctl_table_header *__register_sysctl_table(
	struct ctl_table_set *set,
	const char *path, struct ctl_table *table)
{
	struct ctl_table_root *root = set->dir.header.root;
	struct ctl_table_header *header;
	const char *name, *nextname;
	struct ctl_dir *dir;
	struct ctl_table *entry;
	struct ctl_node *node;
	int nr_entries = 0;

	for (entry = table; entry->procname; entry++)
		nr_entries++;

	header = kzalloc(sizeof(struct ctl_table_header) +
			 sizeof(struct ctl_node)*nr_entries, GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!header)
		return NULL;

	node = (struct ctl_node *)(header + 1);
	init_header(header, root, set, node, table);
	if (sysctl_check_table(path, table))
		goto fail;

	spin_lock(&sysctl_lock);
	dir = &set->dir;
	/* Reference moved down the diretory tree get_subdir */
	dir->header.nreg++;
	spin_unlock(&sysctl_lock);

	/* Find the directory for the ctl_table */
	for (name = path; name; name = nextname) {
		int namelen;
		nextname = strchr(name, '/');
		if (nextname) {
			namelen = nextname - name;
			nextname++;
		} else {
			namelen = strlen(name);
		}
		if (namelen == 0)
			continue;
//找到需要插入的目录
		dir = get_subdir(dir, name, namelen);
		if (IS_ERR(dir))
			goto fail;
	}

	spin_lock(&sysctl_lock);
//出入当前需要注册的ctl_table *table
	if (insert_header(dir, header))
		goto fail_put_dir_locked;

	drop_sysctl_table(&dir->header);
	spin_unlock(&sysctl_lock);

	return header;

fail_put_dir_locked:
	drop_sysctl_table(&dir->header);
	spin_unlock(&sysctl_lock);
fail:
	kfree(header);
	dump_stack();
	return NULL;
}