overcommit_memory

Memory Overcommit os 给进程的内存大小超过了实际可用的内存，如果实在没有内存可以用的话，就会触发oom
通过下面的命令可以知道当前kernel是否处于overmemory。如果Committed_AS 大于CommitLimit，就处于overcommit
[root@localhost vm]# grep -i commit /proc/meminfo
CommitLimit:    71109760 kB
Committed_AS:     373056 kB
下面这个函数__vm_enough_memory 决定kernel 是否处于overmemory
int __vm_enough_memory(struct mm_struct *mm, long pages, int cap_sys_admin)
{
	long free, allowed, reserve;

	VM_WARN_ONCE(percpu_counter_read(&vm_committed_as) <
			-(s64)vm_committed_as_batch * num_online_cpus(),
			"memory commitment underflow");

	vm_acct_memory(pages);

	/*
	 * Sometimes we want to use more memory than we have
	 */
	if (sysctl_overcommit_memory == OVERCOMMIT_ALWAYS)
		return 0;

	if (sysctl_overcommit_memory == OVERCOMMIT_GUESS) {
		free = global_page_state(NR_FREE_PAGES);
		free += global_node_page_state(NR_FILE_PAGES);

		/*
		 * shmem pages shouldn't be counted as free in this
		 * case, they can't be purged, only swapped out, and
		 * that won't affect the overall amount of available
		 * memory in the system.
		 */
		free -= global_node_page_state(NR_SHMEM);

		free += get_nr_swap_pages();

		
		/*
		 * Leave reserved pages. The pages are not for anonymous pages.
		 */
		if (free <= totalreserve_pages)
			goto error;
		else
			free -= totalreserve_pages;

		/*
		 * Reserve some for root
		 */
		if (!cap_sys_admin)
			free -= sysctl_admin_reserve_kbytes >> (PAGE_SHIFT - 10);

		if (free > pages)
			return 0;

		goto error;
	}

	allowed = vm_commit_limit();
	/*
	 * Reserve some for root
	 */
	if (!cap_sys_admin)
		allowed -= sysctl_admin_reserve_kbytes >> (PAGE_SHIFT - 10);

	/*
	 * Don't let a single process grow so big a user can't recover
	 */
	if (mm) {
		reserve = sysctl_user_reserve_kbytes >> (PAGE_SHIFT - 10);
		allowed -= min_t(long, mm->total_vm / 32, reserve);
	}

	if (percpu_counter_read_positive(&vm_committed_as) < allowed)
		return 0;
error:
	vm_unacct_memory(pages);

	return -ENOMEM;
}
从这个函数可以看出kernel对于overmemory的处理分为三种
#define OVERCOMMIT_GUESS		0
#define OVERCOMMIT_ALWAYS		1
#define OVERCOMMIT_NEVER		2

如果是第一种的话会在允许overmemory，
但是当free memory已经修要预留的memory即
		if (free <= totalreserve_pages)
			goto error;

或者当free的memory已经小于需要申请的pages时，则不允许overmemory
		if (free > pages)
			return 0;
如果是第二种OVERCOMMIT_ALWAYS的话，在__vm_enough_memory 中就直接返回了，表示永远运行overmemory
	if (sysctl_overcommit_memory == OVERCOMMIT_ALWAYS)
		return 0;
第三种OVERCOMMIT_NEVER的话，则会计算当前kernel最大运行分配的memory 	allowed = vm_commit_limit();
如果是root 用户的话，则要预留一部分
	/*
	 * Reserve some for root
	 */
	if (!cap_sys_admin)
		allowed -= sysctl_admin_reserve_kbytes >> (PAGE_SHIFT - 10);
如果是非root 用户的话，则就判断allowed 的memory是否够分配
	if (mm) {
		reserve = sysctl_user_reserve_kbytes >> (PAGE_SHIFT - 10);
		allowed -= min_t(long, mm->total_vm / 32, reserve);
	}

目前kernel 默认采用的是OVERCOMMIT_GUESS
[root@localhost vm]# cat overcommit_memory 
0
[root@localhost vm]# pwd
/proc/sys/vm