中断API之setup_irq

int setup_irq(unsigned int irq, struct irqaction *act)用于设置irq对应的irqaction.

其使用的例程如下：
struct irq_domain * __init __init_i8259_irqs(struct device_node *node)
{
	struct irq_domain *domain;

	insert_resource(&ioport_resource, &pic1_io_resource);
	insert_resource(&ioport_resource, &pic2_io_resource);

	init_8259A(0);

	domain = irq_domain_add_legacy(node, 16, I8259A_IRQ_BASE, 0,
				       &i8259A_ops, NULL);
	if (!domain)
		panic("Failed to add i8259 IRQ domain");

	setup_irq(I8259A_IRQ_BASE + PIC_CASCADE_IR, &irq2);
	return domain;
}
其源码分析如下：

int setup_irq(unsigned int irq, struct irqaction *act)
{
	int retval;
	struct irq_desc *desc = irq_to_desc(irq);
	#中断描述为null，或者设置了_IRQ_PER_CPU_DEVID 标志的话，则直接退出
	if (!desc || WARN_ON(irq_settings_is_per_cpu_devid(desc)))
		return -EINVAL;

	retval = irq_chip_pm_get(&desc->irq_data);
	if (retval < 0)
		return retval;
	#核心代码，设置irq对应的irqaction *act
	retval = __setup_irq(irq, desc, act);

	if (retval)
		irq_chip_pm_put(&desc->irq_data);

	return retval;
}
static int
__setup_irq(unsigned int irq, struct irq_desc *desc, struct irqaction *new)
{
	struct irqaction *old, **old_ptr;
	unsigned long flags, thread_mask = 0;
	int ret, nested, shared = 0;
	#中断描述符为null，则退出
	if (!desc)
		return -EINVAL;
	#没有设置irq_data.chip，所以irq_data.chip 会等于no_irq_chip。这属于异常case ，退出.
	if (desc->irq_data.chip == &no_irq_chip)
		return -ENOSYS;
	#增加这个模块的引用计数
	if (!try_module_get(desc->owner))
		return -ENODEV;
	#更新struct irqaction *new 中的irq number
	new->irq = irq;

	/*
	 * If the trigger type is not specified by the caller,
	 * then use the default for this interrupt.
	 */
	 #没有设置中断触发类型的话，则用默认值.
	if (!(new->flags & IRQF_TRIGGER_MASK))
		new->flags |= irqd_get_trigger_type(&desc->irq_data);

	/*
	 * Check whether the interrupt nests into another interrupt
	 * thread.
	 */
	#检查这里是否是中断嵌套，正常情况下irq_chip 基本都不支持中断嵌套
	nested = irq_settings_is_nested_thread(desc);
	if (nested) {
		if (!new->thread_fn) {
			ret = -EINVAL;
			goto out_mput;
		}
		/*
		 * Replace the primary handler which was provided from
		 * the driver for non nested interrupt handling by the
		 * dummy function which warns when called.
		 */
		new->handler = irq_nested_primary_handler;
	} else {
	#这里检查是否为这个中断设置一个thread，也就是说是否支持中断线程化
		if (irq_settings_can_thread(desc)) {
			ret = irq_setup_forced_threading(new);
			if (ret)
				goto out_mput;
		}
	}

	/*
	 * Create a handler thread when a thread function is supplied
	 * and the interrupt does not nest into another interrupt
	 * thread.
	 */
	#在没有支持中断嵌套且用户用设置中断线程的情况下,这里会创建一个中断线程
	if (new->thread_fn && !nested) {
		ret = setup_irq_thread(new, irq, false);
		if (ret)
			goto out_mput;
		#中断线程化时是否支持第二个线程。如果支持的话，再创建一个中断线程.
		if (new->secondary) {
			ret = setup_irq_thread(new->secondary, irq, true);
			if (ret)
				goto out_thread;
		}
	}

	/*
	 * Drivers are often written to work w/o knowledge about the
	 * underlying irq chip implementation, so a request for a
	 * threaded irq without a primary hard irq context handler
	 * requires the ONESHOT flag to be set. Some irq chips like
	 * MSI based interrupts are per se one shot safe. Check the
	 * chip flags, so we can avoid the unmask dance at the end of
	 * the threaded handler for those.
	 */
	#有设置oneshot 标志的话，则清掉这个标志.
	if (desc->irq_data.chip->flags & IRQCHIP_ONESHOT_SAFE)
		new->flags &= ~IRQF_ONESHOT;

	/*
	 * Protects against a concurrent __free_irq() call which might wait
	 * for synchronize_irq() to complete without holding the optional
	 * chip bus lock and desc->lock.
	 */
	mutex_lock(&desc->request_mutex);

	/*
	 * Acquire bus lock as the irq_request_resources() callback below
	 * might rely on the serialization or the magic power management
	 * functions which are abusing the irq_bus_lock() callback,
	 */
	chip_bus_lock(desc);

	/* First installed action requests resources. */
	#中断描述符的action为null的话，则通过irq_request_resources 来申请中断资源.
	if (!desc->action) {
		ret = irq_request_resources(desc);
		if (ret) {
			pr_err("Failed to request resources for %s (irq %d) on irqchip %s\n",
			       new->name, irq, desc->irq_data.chip->name);
			goto out_bus_unlock;
		}
	}

	/*
	 * The following block of code has to be executed atomically
	 * protected against a concurrent interrupt and any of the other
	 * management calls which are not serialized via
	 * desc->request_mutex or the optional bus lock.
	 */
	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&desc->lock, flags);
	old_ptr = &desc->action;
	old = *old_ptr;
	#如果这个中断号对应的中断描述符中的action 不为null，说明这个中断号之前可能已经申请过中断了
	#这里同样可以得出结论，同一个中断好，可以重复申请中断，但是可能会继承前一次的中断触发类型.
	if (old) {
		/*
		 * Can't share interrupts unless both agree to and are
		 * the same type (level, edge, polarity). So both flag
		 * fields must have IRQF_SHARED set and the bits which
		 * set the trigger type must match. Also all must
		 * agree on ONESHOT.
		 */
		unsigned int oldtype;

		/*
		 * If nobody did set the configuration before, inherit
		 * the one provided by the requester.
		 */
		if (irqd_trigger_type_was_set(&desc->irq_data)) {
			oldtype = irqd_get_trigger_type(&desc->irq_data);
		} else {
			oldtype = new->flags & IRQF_TRIGGER_MASK;
			irqd_set_trigger_type(&desc->irq_data, oldtype);
		}

		if (!((old->flags & new->flags) & IRQF_SHARED) ||
		    (oldtype != (new->flags & IRQF_TRIGGER_MASK)) ||
		    ((old->flags ^ new->flags) & IRQF_ONESHOT))
			goto mismatch;

		/* All handlers must agree on per-cpuness */
		if ((old->flags & IRQF_PERCPU) !=
		    (new->flags & IRQF_PERCPU))
			goto mismatch;

		/* add new interrupt at end of irq queue */
		do {
			/*
			 * Or all existing action->thread_mask bits,
			 * so we can find the next zero bit for this
			 * new action.
			 */
			thread_mask |= old->thread_mask;
			old_ptr = &old->next;
			old = *old_ptr;
		} while (old);
		shared = 1;
	}

	/*
	 * Setup the thread mask for this irqaction for ONESHOT. For
	 * !ONESHOT irqs the thread mask is 0 so we can avoid a
	 * conditional in irq_wake_thread().
	 */
	if (new->flags & IRQF_ONESHOT) {
		/*
		 * Unlikely to have 32 resp 64 irqs sharing one line,
		 * but who knows.
		 */
		if (thread_mask == ~0UL) {
			ret = -EBUSY;
			goto out_unlock;
		}
		/*
		 * The thread_mask for the action is or'ed to
		 * desc->thread_active to indicate that the
		 * IRQF_ONESHOT thread handler has been woken, but not
		 * yet finished. The bit is cleared when a thread
		 * completes. When all threads of a shared interrupt
		 * line have completed desc->threads_active becomes
		 * zero and the interrupt line is unmasked. See
		 * handle.c:irq_wake_thread() for further information.
		 *
		 * If no thread is woken by primary (hard irq context)
		 * interrupt handlers, then desc->threads_active is
		 * also checked for zero to unmask the irq line in the
		 * affected hard irq flow handlers
		 * (handle_[fasteoi|level]_irq).
		 *
		 * The new action gets the first zero bit of
		 * thread_mask assigned. See the loop above which or's
		 * all existing action->thread_mask bits.
		 */
		new->thread_mask = 1UL << ffz(thread_mask);

	} else if (new->handler == irq_default_primary_handler &&
		   !(desc->irq_data.chip->flags & IRQCHIP_ONESHOT_SAFE)) {
		/*
		 * The interrupt was requested with handler = NULL, so
		 * we use the default primary handler for it. But it
		 * does not have the oneshot flag set. In combination
		 * with level interrupts this is deadly, because the
		 * default primary handler just wakes the thread, then
		 * the irq lines is reenabled, but the device still
		 * has the level irq asserted. Rinse and repeat....
		 *
		 * While this works for edge type interrupts, we play
		 * it safe and reject unconditionally because we can't
		 * say for sure which type this interrupt really
		 * has. The type flags are unreliable as the
		 * underlying chip implementation can override them.
		 */
		pr_err("Threaded irq requested with handler=NULL and !ONESHOT for irq %d\n",
		       irq);
		ret = -EINVAL;
		goto out_unlock;
	}
	#非共享中断
	if (!shared) {
		#初始化一个等待队列，这个等待队列包含在中断描述符中
		init_waitqueue_head(&desc->wait_for_threads);

		/* Setup the type (level, edge polarity) if configured: */
		if (new->flags & IRQF_TRIGGER_MASK) {
			ret = __irq_set_trigger(desc,
						new->flags & IRQF_TRIGGER_MASK);

			if (ret)
				goto out_unlock;
		}

		/*
		 * Activate the interrupt. That activation must happen
		 * independently of IRQ_NOAUTOEN. request_irq() can fail
		 * and the callers are supposed to handle
		 * that. enable_irq() of an interrupt requested with
		 * IRQ_NOAUTOEN is not supposed to fail. The activation
		 * keeps it in shutdown mode, it merily associates
		 * resources if necessary and if that's not possible it
		 * fails. Interrupts which are in managed shutdown mode
		 * will simply ignore that activation request.
		 */
		 #激活这个中断
		ret = irq_activate(desc);
		if (ret)
			goto out_unlock;

		desc->istate &= ~(IRQS_AUTODETECT | IRQS_SPURIOUS_DISABLED | \
				  IRQS_ONESHOT | IRQS_WAITING);
		irqd_clear(&desc->irq_data, IRQD_IRQ_INPROGRESS);
		#是不是percpu中断
		if (new->flags & IRQF_PERCPU) {
			irqd_set(&desc->irq_data, IRQD_PER_CPU);
			irq_settings_set_per_cpu(desc);
		}

		if (new->flags & IRQF_ONESHOT)
			desc->istate |= IRQS_ONESHOT;

		/* Exclude IRQ from balancing if requested */
		#不用设置irq balance
		if (new->flags & IRQF_NOBALANCING) {
			irq_settings_set_no_balancing(desc);
			irqd_set(&desc->irq_data, IRQD_NO_BALANCING);
		}
		#开始中断
		if (irq_settings_can_autoenable(desc)) {
			irq_startup(desc, IRQ_RESEND, IRQ_START_COND);
		} else {
			/*
			 * Shared interrupts do not go well with disabling
			 * auto enable. The sharing interrupt might request
			 * it while it's still disabled and then wait for
			 * interrupts forever.
			 */
			WARN_ON_ONCE(new->flags & IRQF_SHARED);
			/* Undo nested disables: */
			desc->depth = 1;
		}

	} else if (new->flags & IRQF_TRIGGER_MASK) {
		unsigned int nmsk = new->flags & IRQF_TRIGGER_MASK;
		unsigned int omsk = irqd_get_trigger_type(&desc->irq_data);

		if (nmsk != omsk)
			/* hope the handler works with current  trigger mode */
			pr_warn("irq %d uses trigger mode %u; requested %u\n",
				irq, omsk, nmsk);
	}

	*old_ptr = new;
	#设置power相关
	irq_pm_install_action(desc, new);

	/* Reset broken irq detection when installing new handler */
	desc->irq_count = 0;
	desc->irqs_unhandled = 0;

	/*
	 * Check whether we disabled the irq via the spurious handler
	 * before. Reenable it and give it another chance.
	 */
	if (shared && (desc->istate & IRQS_SPURIOUS_DISABLED)) {
		desc->istate &= ~IRQS_SPURIOUS_DISABLED;
		__enable_irq(desc);
	}

	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&desc->lock, flags);
	chip_bus_sync_unlock(desc);
	mutex_unlock(&desc->request_mutex);

	irq_setup_timings(desc, new);

	/*
	 * Strictly no need to wake it up, but hung_task complains
	 * when no hard interrupt wakes the thread up.
	 */
	# 如果有中断线程的话，则wakeup线程
	if (new->thread)
		wake_up_process(new->thread);
	if (new->secondary)
		wake_up_process(new->secondary->thread);
	#注册irq在proc中的接口
	register_irq_proc(irq, desc);
	new->dir = NULL;
	register_handler_proc(irq, new);
	return 0;

mismatch:
	if (!(new->flags & IRQF_PROBE_SHARED)) {
		pr_err("Flags mismatch irq %d. %08x (%s) vs. %08x (%s)\n",
		       irq, new->flags, new->name, old->flags, old->name);
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_SHIRQ
		dump_stack();
#endif
	}
	ret = -EBUSY;
#一下都是异常case
out_unlock:
	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&desc->lock, flags);

	if (!desc->action)
		irq_release_resources(desc);
out_bus_unlock:
	chip_bus_sync_unlock(desc);
	mutex_unlock(&desc->request_mutex);

out_thread:
	if (new->thread) {
		struct task_struct *t = new->thread;

		new->thread = NULL;
		kthread_stop(t);
		put_task_struct(t);
	}
	if (new->secondary && new->secondary->thread) {
		struct task_struct *t = new->secondary->thread;

		new->secondary->thread = NULL;
		kthread_stop(t);
		put_task_struct(t);
	}
out_mput:
	module_put(desc->owner);
	return ret;
}