一、++运算符重载
前置++运算符重载
成员函数的方式重载,原型为:函数类型 &operator++();
友元函数的方式重载,原型为:friend 函数类型&operator++(类类型&);
后置自增和后置自减的重载
成员函数的方式重载,原型为:函数类型 &operator++(int); //比前置++多了一个参数,为了区别前置++进行的重载
友元函数的方式重载,原型为:friend函数类型&operator++(类类型&,int);
这里我们实现一个简单的整数运算的例子:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Integer
{
public:
Integer(int n);
~Integer();
Integer& operator++();
//friend Integer& operator++(Integer& i);
Integer operator++(int n);
//friend Integer operator++(Integer& i, int n);
void Display() const;
private:
int n_;
};
Integer::Integer(int n) : n_(n)
{
}
Integer::~Integer()
{
}
Integer& Integer::operator ++()
{
++n_;
return *this;
}
Integer Integer::operator++(int n)
{
cout<<"编译器传的默认参数:"<<n<<endl;
Integer tmp(n_);
n_++;
return tmp;
}
void Integer::Display() const
{
cout<<n_<<endl;
}
int main(void)
{
Integer n(100);
n.Display();
Integer n2 = ++n; //等价于调用 n.operator++();</span>
n.Display();
n2.Display();
Integer n3 = n++; //等价于调用 n.operator++(0);参数0是由编译器默认产生,为了区别前置后置++,这个参数是dummy变量,我们不会使用它
n.Display();
n3.Display();
return 0;
}
打印结果:
100
101
101
编译器传的默认参数:0
102
101
101
101
编译器传的默认参数:0
102
101
二、!运算符重载和赋值运算符重载
下面是一个String实现的例子:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class String
{
public:
explicit String(const char* str="");
String(const String& other);
String& operator=(const String& other);
String& operator=(const char* str);
bool operator!() const;
~String(void);
void Display() const;
private:
char* AllocAndCpy(const char* str);
char* str_;
};
String::String(const char* str)
{
str_ = AllocAndCpy(str);
}
String::String(const String& other)
{
str_ = AllocAndCpy(other.str_);
}
String& String::operator=(const String& other)//深拷贝
{
if (this == &other)
return *this;
delete[] str_;
str_ = AllocAndCpy(other.str_);
return *this;
}
String& String::operator=(const char* str) //深拷贝
{
delete[] str_;
str_ = AllocAndCpy(str);
return *this;
}
bool String::operator!() const
{
return strlen(str_) != 0;//字符串不为空即为true
}
String::~String()
{
delete[] str_;
}
char* String::AllocAndCpy(const char* str)
{
int len = strlen(str) + 1;
char* newstr = new char[len];
memset(newstr, 0, len);
strcpy(newstr, str);
return newstr;
}
void String::Display() const
{
cout<<str_<<endl;
}
int main(void)
{
String s1("abc");
String s2(s1);
String s3;
s3 = s1;
s3.Display();
s3 = "xxxx";
s3.Display();
String s4;
bool notempty;
notempty = !s4;
cout<<notempty<<endl;
s4 = "aaaa";
notempty = !s4;
cout<<notempty<<endl;
return 0;
}