maven 项目常见错误解决

maven 项目常见错误解决

1. 编译错误

由于 jdk 编译级别设定不匹配，导致代码编译错误。 idea 创建的 maven 项目，默认使用 jdk1.5 的版本进行编译，会导致编译失败。

Error:java: Compilation failed: internal java compiler error

解决办法：

修改 pom.xml 文件，增加 maven 编译插件配置

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.8.1</version>
            <configuration>
                <source>1.8</source>
                <target>1.8</target>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

2. jar中没有主清单属性

maven 编译插件编译后生成的 jar,如果通过 java -jar 命令直接运行，有可能出现 ***.jar 中没有主清单属性

解决办法：

使用 maven-shade-plugin 打包插件，配置上 main class 位置

<build>
    <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.2.0</version>
        <configuration>
            <createDependencyReducedPom>false</createDependencyReducedPom>
            <filters>
                <filter>
                    <artifact>*:*</artifact>
                    <excludes>
                        <exclude>META-INF/*.SF</exclude>
                        <exclude>META-INF/*.DSA</exclude>
                        <exclude>META-INF/*.RSA</exclude>
                    </excludes>
                </filter>
            </filters>
            <minimizeJar>false</minimizeJar>
        </configuration>
        <executions>
            <execution>
                <phase>package</phase>
                <goals>
                    <goal>shade</goal>
                </goals>
                <configuration>
                    <transformers>
                        <transformer
                                     implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ServicesResourceTransformer"/>
                        <transformer
                                     implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
                            <mainClass>Application</mainClass>
                        </transformer>
                    </transformers>
                </configuration>
            </execution>
        </executions>
    </plugin>

    </plugins>
</build>

运行出错的配置清单文件 META-INF/MANIFEST.MF

Manifest-Version: 1.0
Archiver-Version: Plexus Archiver
Built-By: dataojo
Created-By: Apache Maven 3.5.4
Build-Jdk: 1.8.0_131

运行正常的配置清单文件 META-INF/MANIFEST.MF

Manifest-Version: 1.0
Archiver-Version: Plexus Archiver
Built-By: dataojo
Created-By: Apache Maven 3.5.4
Build-Jdk: 1.8.0_131
Main-Class: Application

通过对比错误与正常的配置清单文件，可以发现，运行错误的清单文件中缺少 Main-Class 属性参数配置，增加该属性后，既可正常运行

附件: 通用 mvn 打包配置

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.8.1</version>
            <configuration>
                <source>1.8</source>
                <target>1.8</target>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>

        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.0</version>
            <configuration>
                <createDependencyReducedPom>false</createDependencyReducedPom>
                <filters>
                    <filter>
                        <artifact>*:*</artifact>
                        <excludes>
                            <exclude>META-INF/*.SF</exclude>
                            <exclude>META-INF/*.DSA</exclude>
                            <exclude>META-INF/*.RSA</exclude>
                        </excludes>
                    </filter>
                </filters>
                <minimizeJar>false</minimizeJar>
            </configuration>
            <executions>
                <execution>
                    <phase>package</phase>
                    <goals>
                        <goal>shade</goal>
                    </goals>
                    <configuration>
                        <transformers>
                            <transformer
                                         implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ServicesResourceTransformer"/>
                            <transformer
                                         implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
                                <mainClass>Application</mainClass>
                            </transformer>
                        </transformers>
                    </configuration>
                </execution>
            </executions>
        </plugin>

    </plugins>
</build>