1 字符串string转其他类型
有符号整数:stoi():string to int
stol():sting to long int
stoll():sting to long long int
无符号整数:stoul():sting to unsigned long int
stoull():sting to unsigned long long int
浮点值: stof():string to float
stod():string to double
stold():sting to long double
布尔型: 通过 (bool) stoi()进行转换。