struts2框架使用详解二

五、Struts结果跳转方式

5.1 转发

dispatcher

	<action name="Demo1Action" class="cn.a_result.Demo1Action" method="execute" >
			<result name="success" type="dispatcher" >/hello.jsp</result>
	</action>

5.2 重定向

redirect

	<action name="Demo2Action" class="cn..a_result.Demo2Action" method="execute" >
			<result name="success" type="redirect" >/hello.jsp</result>
		</action>

5.3 转发到action

chain

	<action name="Demo3Action" class="cn.a_result.Demo3Action" method="execute" >
			 <result name="success" type="chain">
			 		<!-- action的名字 -->
	             <param name="actionName">Demo1Action</param>
	             	<!-- action所在的命名空间 -->
	             <param name="namespace">/</param>
	         </result>
		</action>

5.4 重定向到action

redirectAction

	<action name="Demo4Action" class="cn.a_result.Demo4Action" method="execute" >
			<result  name="success"  type="redirectAction">
				 <!-- action的名字 -->
	             <param name="actionName">Demo1Action</param>
	             <!-- action所在的命名空间 -->
	             <param name="namespace">/</param>
            </result>
		</action>

六、访问servletAPI方式

6.1 原理

6.2 通过ActionContext

开发中经常使用的方式

//如何在action中获得原生ServletAPI
public class Demo5Action extends ActionSupport {

	public String execute() throws Exception {
		//request域=> map (struts2并不推荐使用原生request域)
		//不推荐
		Map<String, Object> requestScope = (Map<String, Object>) ActionContext.getContext().get("request");
		//推荐
		ActionContext.getContext().put("name", "requestTom");
		//session域 => map
		Map<String, Object> sessionScope = ActionContext.getContext().getSession();
		sessionScope.put("name", "sessionTom");
		//application域=>map
		Map<String, Object> applicationScope = ActionContext.getContext().getApplication();
		applicationScope.put("name", "applicationTom");
		
		return SUCCESS;
	}
}

6.3 通过ServletActionContext

//如何在action中获得原生ServletAPI
public class Demo6Action extends ActionSupport {
	//并不推荐
	public String execute() throws Exception {
		//原生request
		HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
		//原生session
		HttpSession session = request.getSession();
		//原生response
		HttpServletResponse response = ServletActionContext.getResponse();
		//原生servletContext
		ServletContext servletContext = ServletActionContext.getServletContext();
		return SUCCESS;
	}
}

6.4 通过实现接口方式

//如何在action中获得原生ServletAPI
public class Demo7Action extends ActionSupport implements ServletRequestAware {
	private HttpServletRequest request;
	public String execute() throws Exception { 
		System.out.println("原生request:"+request);
		return SUCCESS;
	}
	@Override
	public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
		this.request = request;
	}
}

七、Struts获得参数的方式

7.1 action的生命周期

每次请求到来时，都会创建一个新的Action实例
Action是线程安全的，可以使用成员变量接收参数

7.2 通过属性驱动获得参数

//struts2如何获得参数
//每次请求Action时都会创建新的Action实例对象
public class Demo8Action extends ActionSupport  {
	public Demo8Action() {
		super();
		System.out.println("demo8Action被创建了!");
	}
	//准备与参数键名称相同的属性
	private String name;
	//自动类型转换 只能转换8大基本数据类型以及对应包装类
	private Integer age;
	//支持特定类型字符串转换为Date ,例如 yyyy-MM-dd
	private Date   birthday;
	public String execute() throws Exception { 		
		System.out.println("name参数值:"+name+",age参数值:"+age+",生日:"+birthday);		
		return SUCCESS;
	}

	<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/Demo8Action">
		用户名:<input type="text" name="name" /><br>
		年龄:<input type="text" name="age" /><br>
		生日:<input type="text" name="birthday" /><br>
		<input type="submit" value="提交" />
	</form>

7.3 通过对象驱动获取参数

//struts2如何获得参数-方式2
public class Demo9Action extends ActionSupport  {
	//准备user对象
	private User user;
	public String execute() throws Exception { 	
		System.out.println(user);
		return SUCCESS;
	}
	public User getUser() {
		return user;
	}
	public void setUser(User user) {
		this.user = user;
	}
}

	<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/Demo9Action">
		用户名:<input type="text" name="user.name" /><br>
		年龄:<input type="text" name="user.age" /><br>
		生日:<input type="text" name="user.birthday" /><br>
		<input type="submit" value="提交" />
	</form>

7.4 通过模型驱动获得参数

//struts2如何获得参数-方式2
public class Demo10Action extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven<User> {
	//准备user 成员变量
	private User user =new User();
	public String execute() throws Exception { 
		System.out.println(user);
		return SUCCESS;
	}
	@Override
	public User getModel() {
		return user;
	}
}

	<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/Demo10Action">
		用户名:<input type="text" name="name" /><br>
		年龄:<input type="text" name="age" /><br>
		生日:<input type="text" name="birthday" /><br>
		<input type="submit" value="提交" />
	</form>

八、Struts集合类型的参数封装

8.1 list类型参数封装

//struts2 封装集合类型参数
public class Demo11Action extends ActionSupport  {
	//list
	private List<String> list;
	public String execute() throws Exception { 
		System.out.println("list:"+list);
		return SUCCESS;
	}
	public List<String> getList() {
		return list;
	}
	public void setList(List<String> list) {
		this.list = list;
	}
}

	<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/Demo11Action" method="post" >
		list:<input type="text" name="list" /><br>
		list:<input type="text" name="list[3]" /><br>
		<input type="submit" value="提交" />
	</form>

8.2 map类型参数封装

//struts2 封装集合类型参数
public class Demo11Action extends ActionSupport  {
	//Map
	private Map<String,String> map;
	public String execute() throws Exception { 
		System.out.println("map:"+map);
		return SUCCESS;
	}
	public Map<String, String> getMap() {
		return map;
	}
	public void setMap(Map<String, String> map) {
		this.map = map;
	}
}

	<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/Demo11Action" method="post" >
		map:<input type="text" name="map['canshu']" /><br>
		<input type="submit" value="提交" />
	</form>