SHELL & 和exit

注意: 在一个脚本中,使用一个后台运行的命令(使用&)可能会使这个脚本挂起,直到敲回车,挂起才会被恢复.看起来只有这个命令的结果需要输出到stdout 的时候才会发
生这种现象.这会是一个很烦人的现象.

1 #!/bin/bash
2 # test.sh
3
4 ls -l &
5 echo "Done."

如果把这个后台运行命令的输出重定向到文件中或者重定向到/dev/null 中,也能解决这个问题.

4 ls -l &>/dev/null

 

#!/bin/bash

ARGS=2  # Two args to script expected.
E_BADARGS=65
E_UNREADABLE=66

if [ $# -ne "$ARGS" ]
then
  echo "Usage: `basename $0` file1 file2"
  exit $E_BADARGS
fi

if [[ ! -r "$1" || ! -r "$2" ]]
then
  echo "Both files to be compared must exist and be readable."
  exit $E_UNREADABLE
fi

cmp $1 $2 &> /dev/null  # /dev/null buries the output of the "cmp" command.
#   cmp -s $1 $2  has same result ("-s" silent flag to "cmp")
#   Thank you  Anders Gustavsson for pointing this out.
#
# Also works with 'diff', i.e.,   diff $1 $2 &> /dev/null

if [ $? -eq 0 ]         # Test exit status of "cmp" command.
then
  echo "File \"$1\" is identical to file \"$2\"."
else  
  echo "File \"$1\" differs from file

$? 是对 cmp $1 $2 &> /dev/null 是的返回值