Selenium自动化测试框架第一篇

在这里给大家分享几个Selenium的自动化测试框架
Selenium自动化框架（Java）第一篇:
以excel维护测试数据，进行数据驱动测试

Common模块中主要存放基础操作方法(excel二次封装的读写方法、参数化的配置文本信息、Selenium基础操作方法)，简单演示下:
excel二次封装的读写方法

    /*
     * 写入测试用例执行结果
     */
    public void addCaseResult(String excelPath,String caseid,String result) 
            throws BiffException, IOException, RowsExceededException, WriteException{
            File file = new File(excelPath);
            if(file.exists()){
                wb = Workbook.getWorkbook(file);
                wwb = Workbook.createWorkbook(file, wb);
                sheet = wwb.getSheet("caseResult");

            }else{
                wwb = Workbook.createWorkbook(new File(excelPath));
                sheet = wwb.createSheet("caseResult", 0);
            }

            Label a1 = new Label(0,resultLineNum,caseid);
            Label a2 = new Label(1,resultLineNum,result);

            sheet.addCell(a1);
            sheet.addCell(a2);

            wwb.write();
            wwb.close();

            resultLineNum++;
    }

    /*
     * 读取excel数据
     */
    public String[][] readExcel(String testFilePath) throws BiffException, IOException, SQLException{
        File file = new File(testFilePath);
        WorkbookSettings ws = new WorkbookSettings();
        ws.setCellValidationDisabled(true);
        Workbook wwb = Workbook.getWorkbook(file,ws);
        Sheet sheet = wwb.getSheet(0);
        int rows = sheet.getRows();
        int columns = sheet.getColumns();
//      System.out.println(rows + "and" + columns);
        String[][] cases = new String[rows][columns];
         for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
             for (int j = 0; j < columns; j++) {
                 Cell cell = sheet.getCell(j, i);
                 cases[i][j] = cell.getContents();
             }
         }
         wwb.close();
         return cases;
    }

参数化的配置文本信息

    public final static String chromeDiverName = "webdriver.chrome.driver";
    public final static String chromeDiverpath = "C://Program Files (x86)//Google//Chrome//Application//chromedriver.exe";

//  为了解决多种WebDriver的问题，使用前需要调用SysMethod中的方法初始化
    public static WebDriver driver;

//  指定各种类型的账号密码
    public final static String chanDaoName = "admin";
    public final static String chanDaoPwd = "123456";

//  各用例EXCEL路径
    public final static String caseExcelPath = "src/main/resources/chanDaoCases.xls";
    public final static String loginCases = "登录";
    public final static String productAddCases = "添加产品";
    public final static String productEditCases = "编辑产品";
    public final static String productDeleteCases = "删除产品";

Selenium基础操作方法

    /*
     * 使用ChromeDriver测试
     */
    public void useChromeDriver(){
        System.setProperty(SysConfig.chromeDiverName, SysConfig.chromeDiverpath);
        SysConfig.driver = new ChromeDriver(); 
    }
    /*
     * 打开Url地址
     */
    public void openURL(String url){
        SysConfig.driver.get(url);
        SysConfig.driver.manage().window().maximize();
        SysConfig.driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS); 
        sleep(500);
    }
    /*
     * 判断页面元素是否存在
     */
    public boolean isElementPresent(By Locator){
        try{
            SysConfig.driver.findElement(Locator);
            return true;    
        }catch(NoSuchElementException e){
            return false;
        }   
    }
    /*
     * 判断是否有异常弹窗
     */
    public boolean isAlertPresent(){
        try{
            SysConfig.driver.switchTo().alert();
            return true;
        }catch(NoAlertPresentException e){
            return false;
        }
    }
    /*
     * 关闭告警及获取文本框信息
     */
    public String closeAlertAndGetAlertText(){
        boolean accept_next_alert = true;
        try{
            Alert alert = SysConfig.driver.switchTo().alert();
            String alertText = alert.getText();
            if(accept_next_alert){
                alert.accept();
            }else {
                alert.dismiss();
            }
            return alertText;
        }finally{
            accept_next_alert = true;
        }
    }
    /*
     * 获取告警信息
     */
    public String getAlertText(){
        try{
            Alert alert = SysConfig.driver.switchTo().alert(); 
            String text = alert.getText();
            return text;
        }catch(NoAlertPresentException e){
            log.error(this,e);
            return "";
        }
    }

Module模块中主要存放一个大功能模块对应的小功能组合，以禅道的登录模块举例:

/*
 * 禅道 登录测试
 *  Create By 虫下(古月随笔) 2016-03-30
 */

public class Login {
    private Log log = LogFactory.getLog(Login.class);

    private SysMethod sysMethod = new SysMethod();

    /*
     * 打开登录页面
     */
    public void openLoginPage(){
        sysMethod.openURL(SysConfig.chanDaoLoginUrl);
        //智能等待10秒，等待页面缓冲完成
        SysConfig.driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    }

    /*
     * 设置用户名
     */
    public void setLoginName(String loginName){
        try{
            //查找用户名编辑框中的id
            if(ElementExist(By.name("account"))){
                WebElement  ln= SysConfig.driver.findElement(By.name("account"));
                ln.sendKeys(loginName);
                log.info("设置用户名:" + loginName);
            }
            else
            {
                log.info("用户名框中没有name元素::account");
            }
        }catch(NoSuchElementException e){
            log.error(this,e);
        }
    }
    /*
     * 清除用户名
     */
    public void clearLoginName(){
        try{
            if(ElementExist(By.name("account"))){
                WebElement  ln= SysConfig.driver.findElement(By.name("account"));
                ln.clear();
                log.info("清除用户名");
            }
            else
            {
                log.info("用户名框中没有name元素::account");
            }
        }catch(NoSuchElementException e){
            log.error(this,e);
        }
    }
    /*
     * 设置密码
     */
    public void setPwd(String password){
        try{
            if(ElementExist(By.name("password"))){
                WebElement pwd = SysConfig.driver.findElement(By.name("password"));
                pwd.sendKeys(password);
                log.info("设置密码:" + password);
            }
            else
            {
                log.info("密码框中没有name元素::password");
            }
        }catch(NoSuchElementException e){
            log.error(this,e);
        }
    }
    /*
     * 清除密码
     */
    public void clearPwd(){
        try{
            if(ElementExist(By.name("password"))){
                WebElement pwd = SysConfig.driver.findElement(By.name("password"));
                pwd.clear();
                log.info("清除密码");
            }
            else
            {
                log.info("密码框中没有name元素::password");
            }
        }catch(NoSuchElementException e){
            log.error(this,e);
        }
    }
    /*
     * 点击登录按钮
     */
    public void clickLoginBtn(){
        try{
            WebElement btn = SysConfig.driver.findElement(By.id("submit"));
            btn.click();
            log.info("按下登录按钮");
        }catch(NoSuchElementException e){
            log.error(this,e);
        }
    }
}

Module.result模块主要针对大功能块的执行结果进行判断，同样以禅道登录模块举例

/*
 *  Create By 虫下(古月随笔) 2016-03-30
 */
public class LoginResult {
    /*
     * 跳转首页URL判断
     */
    public String loginUrlResult(){
        String urlWanted = SysConfig.chanDaoHomePage;
        String res = "";
        String url = SysConfig.driver.getCurrentUrl();
        if(!urlWanted.equalsIgnoreCase(url))
            res = "登录失败,期望URL：" + urlWanted + "实际：" + url;
        return res;
    }
    /*
     * 错误消息判断
     */

    public String errMsgResult(String errorMessageWanted,String errorMessage){
        String res = "";
        if(!errorMessage.contains(errorMessageWanted))
            res = "提示信息与预期不符,期望：" + errorMessageWanted + "。实际：" + errorMessage;
        return res;
    }

}

cases模块主要是再次封装子功能模块，按照测试用例编写方式组合成一个完整的测试用例，同样以禅道登录举例

Java代码实现:

/*
 * Create By 虫下(古月随笔) 2016-03-30
 */

public class LoginCases {
    //初始化登录模块
    private Login login = new Login();
    //初始化登录判断模块
    private LoginResult loginRes = new LoginResult();
    //初始化基础方法
    private SysMethod sysMethod = new SysMethod();
    private Log log = LogFactory.getLog(LoginCases.class);
    private Excel excel = new Excel();
    //获取excel用例路径
    private String casePath = SysConfig.caseExcelPath;
    private String loginCasePath = SysConfig.loginCases;

    /*
     * 打开登录页面
     */
    public void openLoginPage(){
        sysMethod.openURL(SysConfig.chanDaoLoginUrl);
        //智能等待10秒，等待页面缓冲完成
        SysConfig.driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    }

    /*
     * 登录操作
     */
    public void login(String loginName,String pwd){
        try{
            openLoginPage();
            login.clearLoginName();
            login.setLoginName(loginName);
            login.clearPwd();
            login.setPwd(pwd);
            login.clickLoginBtn();
            sysMethod.sleep(1000);
            if(sysMethod.isAlertPresent()){
                String alertText = sysMethod.closeAlertAndGetAlertText();
                System.out.println("弹出的告警信息为" + alertText);
            }
            else {
                System.out.println("无告警弹窗！！");
            }
        }catch(Exception e){
            log.error(this, e);
        }
    }
}

Run模块主要是调用Case模块中的对应方法

/*
 * 运行
 * Create By 虫下(古月随笔) 2016-03-30
 */
public class Run {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        Log log = LogFactory.getLog(Run.class);
        SysMethod sysMethod = new SysMethod();
        sysMethod.useChromeDriver();
        LoginCases loginCases = new LoginCases();
        loginCases.runLoginCases();
        log.info("用例执行完毕");     
        }
}

最后建议，使用Java建项目工程的时候采用Maven项目工程，维护Jar相当方便