pymongo 操作集锦

# 导入模块

import pymongo

# 建立MongoClient连接，需先启动已经安装的mongodb服务

client = MongoClient('localhost', 27017)

# 或者 client = MongoClient('mongodb://localhost:27017')

# 进入数据库

db = client.test_database

# 或者 db = client['test_database']

# 进入集合

collection = db.test_collection

# 或者collection = db['test_collection']

# 插入文档，MongoDB中的数据使用的是类似Json风格的文档

import datetime

post = {"author":"Mike", "text":"My first blog post", "tags":["mongodb", "python", "pymongo"], "date": datetime.datetime.utcnow()}

posts = db.posts

post_id = posts.insert_one(post).inserted_id

post_id

# 查找一条数据

posts.find_one()

posts.find_one({"author":"Mike"})

posts.find_one({"author":"Eliot"})

# 通过ObjectID查找

posts.find_one({"_id":post_id})

# 不要转化ObjectID的类型为String

post_id_as_str = str(post_id)

posts.find_one({"_id":post_id_as_str})    # No result

from bson.objectid import ObjectID

def get(post_id):

    document = client.db.collection.find_one({"_id":ObjectId(post_id)})

# 多条插入

new_posts = = [{"author": "Mike","text": "Another post!","tags": ["bulk", "insert"],"date": datetime.datetime(2009, 11, 12, 11, 14)},

            {"author": "Eliot","title": "MongoDB is fun","text": "and pretty easy too!","date": datetime.datetime(2009, 11, 10, 10, 45)}]

result = posts.insert_many(new_posts)

result.inserted_ids

# 查找多条数据

for post in posts.find():

    print(post)

# 约束条件查找

for post in posts.find({"author":"Mike"})

    print(post)

# 获取集合的数据条数

posts.count()

posts.find({"author":"Mike"}).count()

# 范围查找

d = datetime.datetime(2010, 10, 10, 10)

for post in posts.find({"date":{"$lt":d}}).sort("author"):

    print(post)

# 建立索引

from pymongo import ASCENDING, DESCENDING

posts.create_index([("date", DESCENDING), ("author", ASCENDING)])

posts.find({"date": {"$lt": d}}).sort("author").explain()["cursor"]

# 连接聚集

account = db.Account    # 或者    account = db["Account"]

# 查看全部聚集名称

db.collection_names(）

# 查看聚集的一条记录

db.Account.find_one()

db.Account.find_one({"UserName":"keyword"})

# 查看聚集的字段

db.Account.find_one({},{"UserName":1,"Email":1})

db.Account.find_one({},{"UserName":1,"Email":1,"_id":0})

# 查看聚集的多条记录

for item in db.Account.find():

    print(item)

for item in db.Account.find({"UserName":"libing"}):

    print(item["UserName"])

# 查看聚集的记录统计

db.Account.find().count()

db.Account.find({"UserName":"keyword"}).count()

# 聚集查询结果排序

db.Account.find().sort("UserName")     # 默认为升序

db.Account.find().sort("UserName",pymongo.DESCENDING)    # 降序

db.Account.find().sort([("UserName",pymongo.ASCENDING),("Email",pymongo.DESCENDING)])    # 多结果排序

# 添加记录

db.Account.insert({"AccountID":21,"UserName":"libing"})

# 修改记录

db.Account.update({"UserName":"libing"},{"$set":{"Email":"libing@126.com","Password":"123"}})

# 删除记录

db.Account.remove()     # 全部删除

db.Test.remove({"UserName":"keyword"})