FFmpeg 常用命令

FFmpeg 常用命令

查看

ffmpeg -h   // 帮助
ffmpeg -version // 版本信息
ffmepg -devices // 查看可用设备
ffmpeg -i input.mp4 // 查看视频信息

00:00:46.61 视频时长
3949kb/s 码率
h264:视频编码格式
avc1:苹果公司开发的复合h264规范的格式
yuv420p:视频颜色编码方式
960x400:分辨率
SAR 1:1 :图像采集时，采集的宽高点阵的点数比值
DAR:图像宽高比
PAR:像素的长宽比
23.98 fps: 帧率
23.98 tbr: 帧率
24k tbn: 文件层的时间精度1S=24k,一秒增加24k
47.95 tbc:视频层的时间精度1S=47.95,一秒增加47.95
aac:音频编码格式
mp4a:
stereo:立体声
fltp:音频帧格式

视频转码

ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vcodec h264 -s 352*278 -an -f m4v test.264
ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vcodec h264 -bf 0 -g 25 -s 352*278 -an -f m4v test.264
// -vf B帧数目控制， -g 关键帧间隔控制， -s 分辨率控制

音视频封装

ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -i input.aac -vcodec copy -acodec copy output.mp4

提取音频视频流

ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -acodec copy -vn output.aac // 提取音频流，-acodec 设定音频编解码器，-vn 不处理视频
ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -acodec aac -vn output.aac // 提取音频流
ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vcodec copy -an output.mp4 // 提取视频流 -vcodec 设定视频编解码器 -an 不处理音频

添加字幕

ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf subtitles=text.srt output.mp4

视频剪切

ffmpeg -ss 00:00:15 -t 00:00:05 -i input.mp4 -vcodec copy -acodec copy output.mp4
// -ss表示开始切割的时间，-t表示要切多少。上面就是从15秒开始，切5秒钟出来

码率控制

ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -b:v 2000k output.mp4
ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -b:v 2000k -bufsize 2000 output.mp4 // -bufsize 缓冲区
ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -b:v 2000k -bufsize 2000k -maxrate 2500k -minrate 1500k output.mp4 // 最大最小域值

编码格式转换

ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vcodec h264 output.mp4
ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -c:v libx265 output.mpt // 添加了外部的x265

只提取视频ES数据

ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vcodec copy -an -f m4v output.h264

改变视频宽高

ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf scale=960:540 output.mp4
ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf scale=960:-1 output.mp4 // 保持宽高比,注意宽要能被2出尽，不然报错

增加水印

ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -i logo.png -filter_complex overlay output.mp4
ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -i logo.png -filter_complex overlay=W-w output.mp4 // 右上角
ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -i logo.png -filter_complex overlay=0:H-h output.mp4 // 左下角
ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -i logo.png -filter_complex overlay=W-w:H-h output.mp4 // 右下角

去除水印

ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf delogo=1:1:144:144:1 output.mp4 // -vf delogo=x:y:w:h[:show], x:y离左上角坐标,设0报错，w:h logo宽高，show设置一个绿色的矩形，默认0

截取视频图像*

ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -r 1 -q:v 2 -f image2 pic-%03d.jpeg // -r 每一秒几帧，-q:v 存储jpeg的图像质量，一般2是高质量
ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -ss 00:00:20 -t 10 -r 1 -q:v 2 -f image2 pic-%03d.jpeg

序列帧与视频的相互转换

ffmpeg -i 001.mp3 -i example.%d.jpg -s 1024x768 -vcodec mpeg4 rebuild.mp4 // 把图片序列帧和音频文件利用mpeg4编码方式合成视频文件darkdoor.avi
ffmpeg -i input.mp4 example.%d.jpg // 把视频文件导出成序列帧

Help

Getting help: 帮助
    -h      -- print basic options
    -h long -- print more options
    -h full -- print all options (including all format and codec specific options, very long)
    -h type=name -- print all options for the named decoder/encoder/demuxer/muxer/filter/bsf
    See man ffmpeg for detailed description of the options.

Print help / information / capabilities:
-L                  show license 
-h topic            show help
-? topic            show help
-help topic         show help
--help topic        show help
-version            show version
-buildconf          show build configuration
-formats            show available formats
-muxers             show available muxers
-demuxers           show available demuxers
-devices            show available devices
-codecs             show available codecs
-decoders           show available decoders
-encoders           show available encoders
-bsfs               show available bit stream filters
-protocols          show available protocols
-filters            show available filters
-pix_fmts           show available pixel formats
-layouts            show standard channel layouts
-sample_fmts        show available audio sample formats
-colors             show available color names
-sources device     list sources of the input device
-sinks device       list sinks of the output device
-hwaccels           show available HW acceleration methods

Global options (affect whole program instead of just one file:
-loglevel loglevel  set logging level
-v loglevel         set logging level
-report             generate a report
-max_alloc bytes    set maximum size of a single allocated block
-y                  overwrite output files
-n                  never overwrite output files
-ignore_unknown     Ignore unknown stream types
-filter_threads     number of non-complex filter threads
-filter_complex_threads  number of threads for -filter_complex
-stats              print progress report during encoding
-max_error_rate maximum error rate  ratio of errors (0.0: no errors, 1.0: 100% errors) above which ffmpeg returns an error instead of success.
-bits_per_raw_sample number  set the number of bits per raw sample
-vol volume         change audio volume (256=normal)

Per-file main options:
-f fmt              force format
-c codec            codec name
-codec codec        codec name
-pre preset         preset name
-map_metadata outfile[,metadata]:infile[,metadata]  set metadata information of outfile from infile
-t duration         record or transcode "duration" seconds of audio/video
-to time_stop       record or transcode stop time
-fs limit_size      set the limit file size in bytes
-ss time_off        set the start time offset
-sseof time_off     set the start time offset relative to EOF
-seek_timestamp     enable/disable seeking by timestamp with -ss
-timestamp time     set the recording timestamp ('now' to set the current time)
-metadata string=string  add metadata
-program title=string:st=number...  add program with specified streams
-target type        specify target file type ("vcd", "svcd", "dvd", "dv" or "dv50" with optional prefixes "pal-", "ntsc-" or "film-")
-apad               audio pad
-frames number      set the number of frames to output
-filter filter_graph  set stream filtergraph
-filter_script filename  read stream filtergraph description from a file
-reinit_filter      reinit filtergraph on input parameter changes
-discard            discard
-disposition        disposition

Video options:
-vframes number     set the number of video frames to output
-r rate             set frame rate (Hz value, fraction or abbreviation)
-s size             set frame size (WxH or abbreviation)
-aspect aspect      set aspect ratio (4:3, 16:9 or 1.3333, 1.7777)
-bits_per_raw_sample number  set the number of bits per raw sample
-vn                 disable video
-vcodec codec       force video codec ('copy' to copy stream)
-timecode hh:mm:ss[:;.]ff  set initial TimeCode value.
-pass n             select the pass number (1 to 3)
-vf filter_graph    set video filters
-ab bitrate         audio bitrate (please use -b:a)
-b bitrate          video bitrate (please use -b:v)
-dn                 disable data

Audio options:
-aframes number     set the number of audio frames to output
-aq quality         set audio quality (codec-specific)
-ar rate            set audio sampling rate (in Hz)
-ac channels        set number of audio channels
-an                 disable audio
-acodec codec       force audio codec ('copy' to copy stream)
-vol volume         change audio volume (256=normal)
-af filter_graph    set audio filters

Subtitle options:
-s size             set frame size (WxH or abbreviation)
-sn                 disable subtitle
-scodec codec       force subtitle codec ('copy' to copy stream)
-stag fourcc/tag    force subtitle tag/fourcc
-fix_sub_duration   fix subtitles duration
-canvas_size size   set canvas size (WxH or abbreviation)
-spre preset        set the subtitle options to the indicated preset