Hibernate是一个支持对 JDBC 进行封装的ORM框架,实现了对底层数据库访问的封装。非常适合使用和开发。首先需要下载Hibernate,可以在这个网站下载最新包。http://www.hibernate.org/然后打开他的目录结构,将lib目录下的required目录下的包全部导入到工程中去,这个是hibernate运行所必须的最少的包。
然后写一个Bean,将需要储存到数据库中的变量封装成Bean。为了让Hibernate识别这个bean,需要一个配置文件,这里起名叫User.hbm.xml。先看一下User的代码和User.hbm.xml的代码
- package com.bird.domain;
- import java.util.Date;
- public class User {
- private int id;
- private String name;
- private Date birthday;
- public int getId() {
- return id;
- }
- public void setId(int id) {
- this.id = id;
- }
- public String getName() {
- return name;
- }
- public void setName(String name) {
- this.name = name;
- }
- public Date getBirthday() {
- return birthday;
- }
- public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
- this.birthday = birthday;
- }
- }
- <?xml version="1.0" ?>
- <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
- "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
- <hibernate-mapping package="com.bird.domain">
- <class name="User">
- <id name="id">
- <generator class="native"/>
- </id>
- <property name="name"/>
- <property name="birthday"/>
- </class>
- </hibernate-mapping>
然后需要一个Hibernate的配置文件,这个文件的例子可以再Hibenate解压目录的project里面的ect目录里面找到。更加
详细的配置选项和要求可以参考hibernate.properties.template这个文件.
- <?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
- <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
- "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
- "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
- <hibernate-configuration>
- <session-factory>
- <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
- <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql:///test</property>
- <property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
- <property name="hibernate.connection.password">mysql</property>
- <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
- <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
- <mapping resource="com/bird/domain/User.hbm.xml"/>
- </session-factory>
- </hibernate-configuration>
<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>这句话的意思是指定你使用的数
据库的方言.
<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>这句话的意思是自动创建或者更改数据库里面的表或
者表的内容结构
<mapping resource="com/bird/domain/User.hbm.xml"/>这句话的意思是要求装载这个类映射文件
下面就可以运行这个了,记住,别忘了导入Mysql的Connection的Jar包。
- package com.bird.hibernate.test;
- import java.util.Date;
- import org.hibernate.Session;
- import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
- import org.hibernate.Transaction;
- import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
- import com.bird.domain.User;
- public class Base {
- /**
- * @param args
- */
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- Configuration cfg = new Configuration();
- cfg.configure();
- @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
- SessionFactory sf = cfg.buildSessionFactory();
- Session session = sf.openSession();
- Transaction tran = session.beginTransaction();
- User use = new User();
- use.setBirthday(new Date());
- use.setName("bird");
- session.save(use);
- tran.commit();
- session.close();
- }
- }
注解相当于一种标记,在程序中加了注解就等于为程序打上了某种标记,没加,则等于没有某种标记,以后,java编译器,开发工具和其他程序可以用反射来了解你的类及各种元素上有无何种标记,看你有什么标记,就去干相应的事,标记可以加在包,类,字段,方法,方法的参数以及局部变量上。它位于java.lang.annotation中。
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation"),它怎么只提供属性值,而没有属性名呢?这就是value()属性的特殊用法,它可以放回任意类型;标记可以自己去添加,自定义不同的标记。
运行结果如下
- 2012-2-28 12:12:38 org.hibernate.annotations.common.Version <clinit>
- INFO: HCANN000001: Hibernate Commons Annotations {4.0.1.Final}
- 2012-2-28 12:12:38 org.hibernate.Version logVersion
- INFO: HHH000412: Hibernate Core {4.0.1.Final}
- 2012-2-28 12:12:38 org.hibernate.cfg.Environment <clinit>
- INFO: HHH000206: hibernate.properties not found
- 2012-2-28 12:12:38 org.hibernate.cfg.Environment buildBytecodeProvider
- INFO: HHH000021: Bytecode provider name : javassist
- 2012-2-28 12:12:38 org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration configure
- INFO: HHH000043: Configuring from resource: /hibernate.cfg.xml
- 2012-2-28 12:12:38 org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration getConfigurationInputStream
- INFO: HHH000040: Configuration resource: /hibernate.cfg.xml
- 2012-2-28 12:12:38 org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration addResource
- INFO: HHH000221: Reading mappings from resource: com/bird/domain/User.hbm.xml
- 2012-2-28 12:12:38 org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration doConfigure
- INFO: HHH000041: Configured SessionFactory: null
- 2012-2-28 12:12:38 org.hibernate.service.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl configure
- INFO: HHH000402: Using Hibernate built-in connection pool (not for production use!)
- 2012-2-28 12:12:38 org.hibernate.service.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl configure
- INFO: HHH000115: Hibernate connection pool size: 20
- 2012-2-28 12:12:38 org.hibernate.service.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl configure
- INFO: HHH000006: Autocommit mode: false
- 2012-2-28 12:12:38 org.hibernate.service.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl configure
- INFO: HHH000401: using driver [com.mysql.jdbc.Driver] at URL [jdbc:mysql:///test]
- 2012-2-28 12:12:38 org.hibernate.service.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl configure
- INFO: HHH000046: Connection properties: {user=root, password=****}
- 2012-2-28 12:12:39 org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect <init>
- INFO: HHH000400: Using dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
- 2012-2-28 12:12:39 org.hibernate.engine.transaction.internal.TransactionFactoryInitiator initiateService
- INFO: HHH000399: Using default transaction strategy (direct JDBC transactions)
- 2012-2-28 12:12:39 org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.ASTQueryTranslatorFactory <init>
- INFO: HHH000397: Using ASTQueryTranslatorFactory
- 2012-2-28 12:12:39 org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaUpdate execute
- INFO: HHH000228: Running hbm2ddl schema update
- 2012-2-28 12:12:39 org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaUpdate execute
- INFO: HHH000102: Fetching database metadata
- 2012-2-28 12:12:39 org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaUpdate execute
- INFO: HHH000396: Updating schema
- 2012-2-28 12:12:39 org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.TableMetadata <init>
- INFO: HHH000261: Table found: test.user
- 2012-2-28 12:12:39 org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.TableMetadata <init>
- INFO: HHH000037: Columns: [id, birthday, name]
- 2012-2-28 12:12:39 org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.TableMetadata <init>
- INFO: HHH000108: Foreign keys: []
- 2012-2-28 12:12:39 org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.TableMetadata <init>
- INFO: HHH000126: Indexes: [primary]
- 2012-2-28 12:12:39 org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaUpdate execute
- INFO: HHH000232: Schema update complete