C#无焦点获取扫码枪输入

单位因某些原因得搞个电子发票的自助打印程序，本着兴趣爱好，自己搞了一个。后来发现扫码到textbox经常有丢焦点或其他问题。改成了通过键盘钩子无焦点获取扫码枪输入。

通过调用windows函数SetWindowsHookEx 注册全局钩子获取键盘输入。
能识别英文大小写、数字和汉字。这部分是搬运的代码

public class BardCodeHooK
    {
        public delegate void BardCodeDeletegate(BarCodes barCode);
        public event BardCodeDeletegate BarCodeEvent;

        //定义成静态，这样不会抛出回收异常
        private static HookProc hookproc;


        public struct BarCodes
        {
            public int VirtKey;//虚拟吗
            public int ScanCode;//扫描码
            public string KeyName;//键名
            public uint Ascll;//Ascll
            public char Chr;//字符

            public string BarCode;//条码信息 保存最终的条码
            public bool IsValid;//条码是否有效
            public DateTime Time;//扫描时间,
        }

        private struct EventMsg
        {
            public int message;
            public int paramL;
            public int paramH;
            public int Time;
            public int hwnd;
        }

        [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)]
        private static extern int SetWindowsHookEx(int idHook, HookProc lpfn, IntPtr hInstance, int threadId);

        [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)]
        private static extern bool UnhookWindowsHookEx(int idHook);

        [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)]
        private static extern int CallNextHookEx(int idHook, int nCode, Int32 wParam, IntPtr lParam);

        [DllImport("user32", EntryPoint = "GetKeyNameText")]
        private static extern int GetKeyNameText(int IParam, StringBuilder lpBuffer, int nSize);

        [DllImport("user32", EntryPoint = "GetKeyboardState")]
        private static extern int GetKeyboardState(byte[] pbKeyState);

        [DllImport("user32", EntryPoint = "ToAscii")]
        private static extern bool ToAscii(int VirtualKey, int ScanCode, byte[] lpKeySate, ref uint lpChar, int uFlags);

        [DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
        public static extern IntPtr GetModuleHandle(string name);


        delegate int HookProc(int nCode, Int32 wParam, IntPtr lParam);
        BarCodes barCode = new BarCodes();
        int hKeyboardHook = 0;
        string strBarCode = "";

        private int KeyboardHookProc(int nCode, Int32 wParam, IntPtr lParam)
        {
            if (nCode == 0)
            {
                EventMsg msg = (EventMsg)Marshal.PtrToStructure(lParam, typeof(EventMsg));
                if (wParam == 0x100)//WM_KEYDOWN=0x100
                {
                    barCode.VirtKey = msg.message & 0xff;//虚拟吗
                    barCode.ScanCode = msg.paramL & 0xff;//扫描码
                    StringBuilder strKeyName = new StringBuilder(225);
                    if (GetKeyNameText(barCode.ScanCode * 65536, strKeyName, 255) > 0)
                    {
                        barCode.KeyName = strKeyName.ToString().Trim(new char[] { ' ', '\0' });
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        barCode.KeyName = "";
                    }
                    byte[] kbArray = new byte[256];
                    uint uKey = 0;
                    GetKeyboardState(kbArray);


                    if (ToAscii(barCode.VirtKey, barCode.ScanCode, kbArray, ref uKey, 0))
                    {
                        barCode.Ascll = uKey;
                        barCode.Chr = Convert.ToChar(uKey);
                    }

                    TimeSpan ts = DateTime.Now.Subtract(barCode.Time);

                    if (ts.TotalMilliseconds > 50)
                    {//时间戳，大于50 毫秒表示手动输入
                        strBarCode = barCode.Chr.ToString();
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        if ((msg.message & 0xff) == 13 && strBarCode.Length > 7)
                        {//回车
                            barCode.BarCode = strBarCode;
                            barCode.IsValid = true;
                        }
                        strBarCode += barCode.Chr.ToString();
                    }
                    barCode.Time = DateTime.Now;
                    if (BarCodeEvent != null)
                        BarCodeEvent(barCode);//触发事件
                    barCode.IsValid = false;
                }
            }
            return CallNextHookEx(hKeyboardHook, nCode, wParam, lParam);
        }

        //安装钩子
        public bool Start()
        {
            if (hKeyboardHook == 0)
            {
                hookproc = new HookProc(KeyboardHookProc);

                //GetModuleHandle 函数 替代 Marshal.GetHINSTANCE
                //防止在 framework4.0中 注册钩子不成功
                IntPtr modulePtr = GetModuleHandle(Process.GetCurrentProcess().MainModule.ModuleName);

                //WH_KEYBOARD_LL=13
                //全局钩子 WH_KEYBOARD_LL
                // hKeyboardHook = SetWindowsHookEx(13, hookproc, Marshal.GetHINSTANCE(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetModules()[0]), 0);

                hKeyboardHook = SetWindowsHookEx(13, hookproc, modulePtr, 0);
            }
            return (hKeyboardHook != 0);
        }

        //卸载钩子
        public bool Stop()
        {
            if (hKeyboardHook != 0)
            {
                return UnhookWindowsHookEx(hKeyboardHook);
            }
            return true;
        }


    }

参考使用c#捕获usb扫描枪扫描二维码、条形码结果（支持中文版）_c#获取usb扫码枪数据-CSDN博客

同时我发现运行一段时间后，键盘钩子会失效。后来手动修改windows注册表不行，然后用代码注册并使用invoke方法，解决了问题。程序稳定运行了几天，没有发现钩子失效的情况。

注册和调用方法

private ScanerHook listener = new ScanerHook();
private delegate void ShowInfoDelegate(ScanerHook.ScanerCodes codes);
RegistryKey hkcu = Registry.CurrentUser;
public Form1()
{
    InitializeComponent();
    initScannerHook();
}
       private void initScannerHook()
        {
            RegistryKey hkSoftWare = hkcu.OpenSubKey(@"Control Panel\Desktop", true);
            hkSoftWare.SetValue("LowLevelHooksTimeout", "5000", RegistryValueKind.DWord);
            hkcu.Close();
            hkSoftWare.Close();
            listener.ScanerEvent += new ScanerHook.ScanerDelegate(Listener_ScanerEvent);
        }
       private void Listener_ScanerEvent(ScanerHook.ScanerCodes codes)
        {

            getSaomiaoInput(codes);
        }

        private void getSaomiaoInput(ScanerHook.ScanerCodes codes)
        {
            


            try
            {
                if (this.InvokeRequired)
                {
                    this.BeginInvoke(new ShowInfoDelegate(getSaomiaoInput), new object[] { codes });
                }
                else
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("程序获取值:" + codes.Result);
                    mylog.EntryLogQueue("程序获取值:" + codes.Result);
                    string url = codes.Result;

                    if (isPrinting)
                    {
                        //DrawText("正在打印中，请稍后。");
                        return;
                    }
                    if (url.StartsWith("HTTP"))
                    {
                        url = overturnUrl(url);
                        Console.WriteLine("url转码:" + url);
                        mylog.EntryLogQueue("url转码:" + url);
                    }
                    if (!(url.StartsWith("http://xxx.xxx") || url.StartsWith("https://xxx.xxx")))
                    {
                        DrawText("请扫描正确的二维码\r\n");
                        return;
                    }
                    if (url.Length<60)
                    {
                        DrawText("请扫描正确的二维码.\r\n");
                        return;
                    }
                    if (QrLists.Contains(url))
                    {
                        DrawText("请勿重复扫码\r\n");

                        return;
                    }
                    if (!GetInvoiceFlag(url))
                    {
                        DrawText("该发票已打印或不存在，\r\n请到人工窗口咨询。\r\n");

                        return;
                    }
                    QrLists.Enqueue(url);
                }
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                mylog.EntryLogQueue("getSaomiaoInput:" + e.ToString());
            }
        }
        private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

            listener.Start();
        }
        private void Form1_FormClosing(object sender, FormClosingEventArgs e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("卸载钩子:" + listener.Stop().ToString());
        }