MHA集群的搭建

最新推荐文章于 2024-03-29 16:53:44 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-03-29 16:53:44 发布

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分类专栏： cluster 数据库

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/tomcat_lsh/article/details/105113550

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部署MHA高可用集群

步骤一：环境准备

配置SSH免密登录
安装依赖包
配置mysql一主多从结构

准备5台虚拟机，角色划分如下
在这里插入图片描述 ip规划
配置ssh免密登录使51,52,53能够免密登录到彼此。配置管理主机57免密登录到51,52,53
步骤二：安装依赖包
1）配置数据库服务器192.168.4.51

[root@host51 ~]# yum -y install perl-* //安装系统自带的perl软件包
[root@host51 ~]# cd mha-soft-student
[root@host51 ~]# yum –y install perl-* //安装共享的perl软件包

2）配置数据库服务器192.168.4.52

[root@host52 ~]# yum  -y  install   perl-*  //安装系统自带的perl软件包
[root@host52 ~]#  cd  mha-soft-student      
[root@host52 ~]#  yum  –y  install  perl-*  //安装共享的perl软件包

3）配置数据库服务器192.168.4.53

[root@host53 ~]# yum -y install perl-* //安装系统自带的perl软件包
[root@host53 ~]# cd mha-soft-student
[root@host53 ~]# yum –y install perl-* //安装共享的perl软件包

4）配置管理服务器192.168.4.57

[root@mgm57 ~]# yum -y install perl-* //安装系统自带的perl软件包
[root@mgm57 ~]# cd mha-soft-student
[root@mgm57 ~]# yum –y install perl-* //安装共享的perl软件包

步骤三：配置MySql一主多从结构
1）配置主服务器192.168.4.51

[root@host51 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
log-bin=master51 //日志名
server_id=51 //指定server_id
:wq
[root@host51 ~]# systemctl  restart  mysqld
[root@host51 ~]# mysql  -uroot  -p123qqq…A
    mysql> grant  replication slave  on  *.*  to repluser@"%"  identified by “123qqq…A"; //添加从服务器同步数据连接用户
mysql> show master status; //查看日志信息
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+-----------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File            | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+-----------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| master51.000001 |     441 |              |                  |                   |
+-----------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
[root@host51 ~]#

2）配置从服务器192.168.4.52

[root@host52 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
server_id=52 //指定server_id
:wq
[root@host52 ~]# systemctl restart mysqld //重启数据库服务
[root@host52 ~]# mysql -uroot –p123qqq…A //数据库管理员登录
mysql> change master to //指定主服务器信息
master_host="192.168.4.51", //IP地址
master_user="repluser", //授权用户
master_password="123qqq...A", //授权用户密码
master_log_file="master51.000001", //binlog日志
master_log_pos=441; //偏移量
mysql> start slave; //启动slave进程
mysql> exit ; //断开连接
[root@host52 ~]# mysql -uroot –p123qqq…A –e “show slave status\G” | grep 192.168.4.51
Master_Host: 192.168.4.51 //主服务器Ip地址
[root@host52 ~]# mysql -uroot –p123qqq…A –e “show slave status\G” | grep –i yes
Slave_IO_Running: Yes //I0线程正常
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes //SQL线程正常

3）配置从服务器192.168.4.53

[root@host53 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
server_id=53 //指定server_id
:wq
[root@host53 ~]# systemctl restart mysqld //重启数据库服务
[root@host53 ~]# mysql -uroot –p123qqq…A //数据库管理员登录
mysql> change master to //指定主服务器信息
master_host="192.168.4.51", //IP地址
master_user="repluser", //授权用户
master_password="123qqq...A", //授权用户密码
master_log_file="master51.000001", //binlog日志
master_log_pos=441; //偏移量
mysql> start slave; //启动slave进程
mysql> exit ; //断开连接
[root@host53 ~]# mysql -uroot –p123qqq…A –e “show slave status\G” | grep 192.168.4.51
Master_Host: 192.168.4.51 //主服务器Ip地址
[root@host53 ~]# mysql -uroot –p123qqq…A –e “show slave status\G” | grep –i yes
Slave_IO_Running: Yes //I0线程正常
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes //SQL线程正常

步骤三：部署MHA集群
一：配置管理节点
1）安装软件

[root@mgm57 ~]# cd mha-soft-student/
[root@mgm57 mha-soft-student]#
[root@mgm57 mha-soft-student]# rpm -ivh  mha4mysql-node-0.56-0.el6.noarch.rpm//安装mha-node软件包
准备中...                          ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
   1:mha4mysql-node-0.56-0.el6        ################################# [100%]
[root@mgm57 mha-soft-student]#
[root@mgm57 mha-soft-student]# rpm -qa | grep  mha //查看是否安装成功
mha4mysql-node-0.56-0.el6.noarch
[root@mgm57 mha-soft-student]# tar -zxvf mha4mysql-manager-0.56.tar.gz //解压mha-manager软件包
mha4mysql-manager-0.56/
mha4mysql-manager-0.56/debian/
mha4mysql-manager-0.56/debian/control
mha4mysql-manager-0.56/debian/copyright
……
……

[root@mgm57 mha-soft-student]# ls  
app1.cnf            mha4mysql-manager-0.56        
mha4mysql-node-0.56-0.el6.noarch.rpm
master_ip_failover  mha4mysql-manager-0.56.tar.gz
[root@mgm57 mha-soft-student]# cd mha4mysql-manager-0.56  //进入源码目录
[root@mgm57 mha4mysql-manager-0.56]# ls //查看文件列表
AUTHORS  COPYING  inc  Makefile.PL  META.yml  rpm      t
bin      debian   lib  MANIFEST     README    samples  tests

[root@mgm57 mha4mysql-manager-0.56]# perl Makefile.PL //配置
*** Module::AutoInstall version 1.03
*** Checking for Perl dependencies...
[Core Features]
- DBI                   ...loaded. (1.627)
- DBD::mysql            ...loaded. (4.023)
- Time::HiRes           ...loaded. (1.9725)
- Config::Tiny          ...loaded. (2.14)
- Log::Dispatch         ...loaded. (2.41)
- Parallel::ForkManager ...loaded. (1.18)
- MHA::NodeConst        ...loaded. (0.56)
*** Module::AutoInstall configuration finished.
Checking if your kit is complete...
Looks good
Writing Makefile for mha4mysql::manager
Writing MYMETA.yml and MYMETA.json
[root@mgm57 mha4mysql-manager-0.56]#  make //编译
[root@mgm57 mha4mysql-manager-0.56]#  make install //安装
[root@mgm57 mha4mysql-manager-0.56]# ls /root/perl5/bin  //查看安装的命令
masterha_check_repl    masterha_conf_host       masterha_master_switch
masterha_check_ssh     masterha_manager         masterha_secondary_check
masterha_check_status  masterha_master_monitor  masterha_stop

2）编辑主配置文件

[root@mgm57 ~ ]#  mkdir  /etc/mha  //创建工作目录
[root@mgm57 ~ ]#  cp mha4mysql-manager-0.56/sample/conf/app1.cnf /etc/mha/ //拷贝模板文件
[root@mgm57 ~ ]#  vim /etc/mha/app1.cnf   //编辑主配置文件
     [server default]     //管理服务默认配置
                manager_workdir=/etc/mha    //工作目录
                manager_log=/etc/mha/manager.log   //日志文件
                master_ip_failover_script=/etc/mha/master_ip_failover //故障切换脚本
                 ssh_user=root  //访问ssh服务用户
                 ssh_port=22    //ssh服务端口
                 repl_user=repluser           //主服务器数据同步授权用户
                 repl_password=123qqq…A    //密码
                 user=root                   //监控用户
                 password=123qqq…A               //密码
        [server1]   //指定第1台数据库服务器
hostname=192.168.4.51    //服务器ip地址
port=3306                //服务端口
candidate_master=1               //竞选主服务器
[server2]  //指定第2台数据库服务器
hostname=192.168.4.52
port=3306
candidate_master=1  
            
[server3]  //指定第3台数据库服务器
hostname=192.168.4.53
port=3306
candidate_master=1
:wq

3）创建故障切换脚本

    [root@mgm57 ~]# cp mha-soft-student/master_ip_failover /etc/mha/
    [root@mgm57 ~]# vim +35 /etc/mha/master_ip_failover
    my $vip = '192.168.4.100/24';  # Virtual IP  //定义VIP地址
    my $key = "1"; //定义变量$key
    my $ssh_start_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig eth0:$key $vip"; //部署vip地址命令
    my $ssh_stop_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig eth0:$key down"; //释放vip地址命令
    :wq
    [root@mgm57 ~]# chmod +x  /etc/mha/master_ip_failover //给脚本加执行权限

4）在当前主服务器部署vip地址

    [root@host51 ~]# ifconfig  eth0:1  //部署之前查看 
    eth0:1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
            ether 52:54:00:d8:10:d7  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
    [root@host51 ~]# ifconfig  eth0:1  192.168.4.100  //部署vip地址
    [root@host51 ~]# ifconfig  eth0:1 //部署后查看
    eth0:1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
            inet 192.168.4.100  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.4.255
            ether 52:54:00:d8:10:d7  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)

二：配置数据节点
1）在所有数据库服务器上，安装mha-node软件包

    ]# cd /root/mha-soft-student/
    ]#  rpm -ivh mha4mysql-node-0.56-0.el6.noarch.rpm
    准备中...                          ################################# [100%]
    正在升级/安装...
       1:mha4mysql-node-0.56-0.el6        ################################# [100%]

2）在所有数据服务器上添加监控用户
可以只在host51主机执行授权命令，host52和host53 会自动同步授权

    ]# mysql –uroot –p密码
    mysql> grant all on  *.*  to root@"%" identified by "123qqq...A";
    mysql> exit;

3）在2台从服务器上添加，数据同步连接用户

在从服务器host52添加用户

    [root@host52]# mysql –uroot –p密码
    mysql> grant replication slave on  *.*  to repluser@"%" identified by "123qqq...A";
    mysql> exit;

在从服务器host53添加用户

    [root@host53]# mysql –uroot –p密码
    mysql> grant replication slave on  *.*  to repluser@"%" identified by "123qqq...A";
    mysql> exit;

4）修改数据库服务运行参数

修改主服务器host51

    [root@host51 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
    [mysqld]
    plugin-load="rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so" //加载模块
    rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled=1  //启用master模块
    rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled=1     //启用slave模块
    relay_log_purge=0   //禁止自动删除中继日志文件
    :wq
    [root@host51 ~]#  systemctl  restart  mysqld  //重启服务

修改从服务器host52

    [root@host52 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
    [mysqld]
    log-bin=master52
    plugin-load="rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so" //加载模块
    rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled=1  //启用master模块
    rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled=1     //启用slave模块
    relay_log_purge=0   //禁止自动删除中继日志文件
    :wq
    [root@host52 ~]#  systemctl  restart  mysqld  //重启服务

修改从服务器host53

[root@host53 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
log-bin=master53
plugin-load="rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so" //加载模块
rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled=1 //启用master模块
rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled=1 //启用slave模块
relay_log_purge=0 //禁止自动删除中继日志文件
:wq
[root@host53 ~]# systemctl restart mysqld //重启服务

步骤三：测试配置
一：测试集群环境
1）在管理主机，测试ssh配置

 [root@mgm57 ~]# masterha_check_ssh --conf=/etc/mha/app1.cnf //执行测试命令
 Thu Jun 20 15:33:48 2019 - [warning] Global configuration file /etc/masterha_default.cnf not found. Skipping.
Thu Jun 20 15:33:48 2019 - [info] Reading application default configuration from /etc/mha/app1.cnf..
Thu Jun 20 15:33:48 2019 - [info] Reading server configuration from /etc/mha/app1.cnf..
......
Thu Jun 20 15:33:51 2019 - [info] All SSH connection tests passed successfully.//测试成功提示

2）在管理主机，测试主从同步

 [root@host57 ~]# masterha_check_repl --conf=/etc/mha/app1.cnf //执行测试命令
Thu Jun 20 15:37:46 2019 - [info] Reading server configuration from /etc/mha/app1.cnf..
Thu Jun 20 15:37:46 2019 - [info] MHA::MasterMonitor version 0.56.
Thu Jun 20 15:37:47 2019 - [info] GTID failover mode = 0
Thu Jun 20 15:37:47 2019 - [info] Dead Servers: //没有停止的mysql服务器
Thu Jun 20 15:37:47 2019 - [info] Alive Servers://运行mysql服务主机列表
......
MySQL Replication Health is OK.//测试成功提示信息
//全部为info为成功

3）启动管理服务

    [root@mgm57 ~]# masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha/app1.cnf  --remove_dead_master_conf \
    --ignore_last_failover //执行启动命令
    Thu Jun 20 17:05:58 2019 - [warning] Global configuration file /etc/masterha_default.cnf not found. Skipping.
    Thu Jun 20 17:05:58 2019 - [info] Reading application default configuration from /etc/mha/app1.cnf..
    Thu Jun 20 17:05:58 2019 - [info] Reading server configuration from /etc/mha/app1.cnf..

4）查看服务状态

    [root@mgm57 ~]#  masterha_check_status  --conf=/etc/mha/app1.cnf//执行命令
    app1 (pid:15806) is running(0:PING_OK), master:192.168.4.51 //服务运行，监视主服务器192.168.4.51
    [root@mgm57 ~]# ls /etc/mha/   //查看工作目录文件列表
    app1.cnf  app1.master_status.health  manager.log  master_ip_failover

二：访问集群
1）在主服务器51 添加访问数据的连接用户

    ]# mysql  -uroot -p123qqq...A
    mysql> create database db9;
    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)
    mysql> create table db9.a (id int);
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.63 sec)
    mysql> grant select,insert on db9.* to yaya55@"%" identified by "123qqq...A";
    Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.08 sec)
    mysql>exit

2）客户端50 连接vip地址访问集群

    host50~]# mysql -h192.168.4.100  -uyaya55  -p123qqq...A
    mysql> select  * from  db9.a;
    mysql> insert into db9.a values(100);
    mysql> select  * from db9.a;
    +------+
    | id   |
    +------+
    |  100 |
    +------+
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)
    mysql>exit

3）在从服务器host52 查看数据

     [root@host52 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123qqq...A -e "select  * from db9.a"
    mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
    +------+
    | id   |
    +------+
    |  100 |
    +------+

4）在从服务器host53 查看数据

    [root@host53 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123qqq...A -e "select  * from db9.a"
    mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
    +------+
    | id   |
    +------+
    |  100 |
    +------+

三：测试高可用
1）停止主服务器51的mysql服务

host51~]# systemctl  stop  mysqld

2）查看管理服务，输出的监控信息

 [root@mgm57~]#masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha/app1.cnf  --remove_dead_master_conf  --ignore_last_failover
Thu Jun 20 17:05:58 2019 - [warning] Global configuration file /etc/masterha_default.cnf not found. Skipping.
Thu Jun 20 17:05:58 2019 - [info] Reading application default configuration from /etc/mha/app1.cnf..
Thu Jun 20 17:05:58 2019 - [info] Reading server configuration from /etc/mha/app1.cnf..
......
[root@mgm57 ~]# masterha_check_status  --conf=/etc/mha/app1.cnf
app1 is stopped(2:NOT_RUNNING).  //监控到主服务器宕机 管理服务自动停止

3）客户端依然连接vip地址，可以访问到数据

    client50]# ping -c 2 192.168.4.100  //能够ping通vip地址
    PING 192.168.4.100 (192.168.4.100) 56(84) bytes of data.
    64 bytes from 192.168.4.100: icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=0.222 ms
    64 bytes from 192.168.4.100: icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=0.121 ms
    --- 192.168.4.71 ping statistics ---
    2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 999ms
    rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.121/0.171/0.222/0.052 ms
    client50]# mysql -h192.168.4.100 -uyaya55 -p123qqq...A //连接vip地址
    mysql> insert into db9.a values(200); //插入记录
    mysql> select  * from db9.a;//查询记录
    +------+
    | id   |
    +------+
    |  100 |
    |  200 |
    +------+

4）查看vip地址
在host52主机查看到vip地址，说明host52 主机被选举为主服务器

     [root@host52 ~]# ifconfig  eth0:1
    eth0:1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
            inet 192.168.4.100  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.4.255
            ether 52:54:00:f5:c4:6a  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)

在host53主机未查看到vip地址，说明host53主机是当前host52的从服务器

     [root@host53 ~]# ifconfig  eth0:1 //未查到vip地址
    eth0:1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
            ether 52:54:00:28:22:2e  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
    [root@host53 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123qqq...A -e "show slave status\G" | grep -i 192
    mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
                      Master_Host: 192.168.4.52  //主服务器Ip地址
    [root@host53 ~]#
    [root@host53 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123qqq...A -e "show slave status\G" | grep -i yes
    mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
                 Slave_IO_Running: Yes  //IO线程正常
                Slave_SQL_Running: Yes  //SQL线程正常
     [root@host53 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123qqq...A -e "select  * from db9.a" //自动同步数据
    mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
    +------+
    | id   |
    +------+
    |  100 |
    |  200 |
    +------+

四：修复故障服务器
1）配置数据库服务器
启动host51主机的数据库服务

host51~]# systemctl  start  mysqld

与主服务器数据一致

[root@host52 ~]#  mysqldump -uroot -p123qqq...A  --master-data  db9 > db9.sql //在主服务器host52 做完全备份
mysqldump: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@host52 ~]#
[root@host52 ~]# scp db9.sql  root@192.168.4.51:/root/  //拷贝备份文件给host51主机
db9.sql  100% 1918     3.1MB/s   00:00
[root@host52 ~]#
host51 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123qqq...A db9 < /root/db9.sql//host51 主机使用备份文件恢复数据
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

指定主服务器信息

 [root@host51 ~]# grep master52 /root/db9.sql  //查看日志名及偏移量
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE='master52.000001', MASTER_LOG_POS=895;
[root@host51 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123qqq...A
mysql>change master to master_host="192.168.4.52",master_user="repluser",master_password="123qqq...A",master_log_file="master52.000001",master_log_pos=895;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.14 sec)

启动slave进程

mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Mysql> exit ;

查看状态信息

 [root@host51 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123qqq...A -e "show slave status\G" |grep 192.168.4.52
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
                  Master_Host: 192.168.4.52 //主服务器ip地址
[root@host51 ~]#
[root@host51 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123qqq...A -e "show slave status\G" |grep -i yes
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes //IO线程状态正常
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes //SQL线程状态正常
[root@host51 ~]#

2）配置管理服务器
修改配置文件，添加数据库服务器host51

]# vim /etc/mha/app1.cnf
 [server1 ]
hostname=192.168.4.51
port=3306
candidate_master=1
:wq

测试集群环境

[root@mgm57 ~]# masterha_check_ssh --conf=/etc/mha/app1.cnf //测试SSH
Thu Jun 20 15:33:48 2019 - [warning] Global configuration file /etc/masterha_default.cnf not found. Skipping.
Thu Jun 20 15:33:48 2019 - [info] Reading application default configuration from /etc/mha/app1.cnf..
Thu Jun 20 15:33:48 2019 - [info] Reading server configuration from /etc/mha/app1.cnf..
......
Thu Jun 20 15:37:52 2019 - [info] Got exit code 0 (Not master dead).
MySQL Replication Health is OK. //成功

重启管理服务

]# masterha_stop  --conf=/etc/mha/app1.cnf //停止管理服务
Stopped app1 successfully.
]# masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha/app1.cnf  --remove_dead_master_conf \
--ignore_last_failover //启动管理服务
Thu Jun 20 17:05:58 2019 - [warning] Global configuration file /etc/masterha_default.cnf not found. Skipping.
Thu Jun 20 17:05:58 2019 - [info] Reading application default configuration from /etc/mha/app1.cnf..
Thu Jun 20 17:05:58 2019 - [info] Reading server configuration from /etc/mha/app1.cnf..

查看状态

mgm57 ~]# masterha_check_status  --conf=/etc/mha/app1.cnf
app1 (pid:15806) is running(0:PING_OK), master:192.168.4.52 //服务运行，监视服务器52
[root@mgm57 ~]#

linux_lsh

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