java Rsa加密解密 RsaUtils.java 工具类的使用

torpidcat

已于 2023-01-06 15:48:05 修改

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分类专栏： JAVA 文章标签： java 加密

于 2023-01-06 15:27:12 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/torpidcat/article/details/128569694

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该文章提供了一个Java实现的RSA加密解密工具类RsaUtils，包括生成公钥私钥、公钥加密和私钥解密的方法。通过调用generateKeyPair()可生成并打印公钥私钥，然后可以使用这些固定的密钥进行数据的加解密操作。

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一、工具类及生成秘钥

工具类 RsaUtils.java

package com.ruoyi.common.utils.sign;

import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import java.security.*;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;

/**
 * RSA加密解密
 *
 * @author ruoyi
 **/
public class RsaUtils {
    // Rsa 私钥 ：秘钥长度位数 、格式
    public static String privateKey= "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";
    //公钥
    public static String publicKey = "MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQC9ikaajH5Xrsi+SdjVcBSm1FfQGX+QsXnotFcTJTUm+qpj0XbFRpQCwQioltu8SB12xKKo85iO6SLhBoDZG4Ds+O9Hz5Rasg80rF1uuhaluicS15M6UklMumdL+dkN0SzoOOyRhh5ChJO1UiyrdmSSp52aqsx4kBKRFg/nJ/BgbwIDAQAB";

    /**
     * 私钥解密
     *
     * @param privateKeyString 私钥
     * @param text 待解密的文本
     * @return 解密后的文本
     */
    public static String decryptByPrivateKey(String text) throws Exception
    {
        return decryptByPrivateKey(privateKey, text);
    }

    /**
     * 公钥解密
     *
     * @param publicKeyString 公钥
     * @param text 待解密的信息
     * @return 解密后的文本
     */
    public static String decryptByPublicKey(String publicKeyString, String text) throws Exception
    {
        X509EncodedKeySpec x509EncodedKeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(Base64.decodeBase64(publicKeyString));
        KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");
        PublicKey publicKey = keyFactory.generatePublic(x509EncodedKeySpec);
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
        byte[] result = cipher.doFinal(Base64.decodeBase64(text));
        return new String(result);
    }

    /**
     * 私钥加密
     *
     * @param privateKeyString 私钥
     * @param text 待加密的信息
     * @return 加密后的文本
     */
    public static String encryptByPrivateKey(String privateKeyString, String text) throws Exception
    {
        PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8EncodedKeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(Base64.decodeBase64(privateKeyString));
        KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");
        PrivateKey privateKey = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8EncodedKeySpec);
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
        byte[] result = cipher.doFinal(text.getBytes());
        return Base64.encodeBase64String(result);
    }

    /**
     * 私钥解密
     *
     * @param privateKeyString 私钥
     * @param text 待解密文本
     * @return 解密后的文本
     */
    public static String decryptByPrivateKey(String privateKeyString, String text) throws Exception
    {
        PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8EncodedKeySpec5 = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(Base64.decodeBase64(privateKeyString));
        KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");
        PrivateKey privateKey = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8EncodedKeySpec5);
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
        byte[] result = cipher.doFinal(Base64.decodeBase64(text));
        return new String(result);
    }

    /**
     * 公钥加密
     *
     * @param publicKeyString 公钥
     * @param text 待加密的文本
     * @return 加密后的文本
     */
    public static String encryptByPublicKey(String publicKeyString, String text) throws Exception
    {
        X509EncodedKeySpec x509EncodedKeySpec2 = new X509EncodedKeySpec(Base64.decodeBase64(publicKeyString));
        KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");
        PublicKey publicKey = keyFactory.generatePublic(x509EncodedKeySpec2);
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
        byte[] result = cipher.doFinal(text.getBytes());
        return Base64.encodeBase64String(result);
    }

    /**
     * 构建RSA密钥对
     *
     * @return 生成后的公私钥信息
     */
    public static RsaKeyPair generateKeyPair() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException
    {
        KeyPairGenerator keyPairGenerator = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");
        keyPairGenerator.initialize(1024);
        KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGenerator.generateKeyPair();
        RSAPublicKey rsaPublicKey = (RSAPublicKey) keyPair.getPublic();
        RSAPrivateKey rsaPrivateKey = (RSAPrivateKey) keyPair.getPrivate();
        String publicKeyString = Base64.encodeBase64String(rsaPublicKey.getEncoded());
        String privateKeyString = Base64.encodeBase64String(rsaPrivateKey.getEncoded());
        return new RsaKeyPair(publicKeyString, privateKeyString);
    }

    /**
     * RSA密钥对对象
     */
    public static class RsaKeyPair
    {
        private final String publicKey;
        private final String privateKey;

        public RsaKeyPair(String publicKey, String privateKey)
        {
            this.publicKey = publicKey;
            this.privateKey = privateKey;
        }

        public String getPublicKey()
        {
            return publicKey;
        }

        public String getPrivateKey()
        {
            return privateKey;
        }
    }


    /**
     * 只需调用一次 生成/打印新的公钥私钥  并测试是否可用
     * 控制台打印结果，解密成功 则将打印的公钥私钥重新赋值给工具类的 privateKey 、 publicKey
     * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException
     */
    public static void printNewPubKeypriKey() {
        //调用 RsaUtils.generateKeyPair() 生成RSA公钥秘钥
        String tmpPriKey = "";//私钥
        String tmpPubKey = "";//公钥
        try{
            RsaUtils.RsaKeyPair rsaKeyPair = RsaUtils.generateKeyPair();
            tmpPriKey = rsaKeyPair.getPrivateKey();
            tmpPubKey = rsaKeyPair.getPublicKey();
            System.out.println("私钥：" + tmpPriKey);
            System.out.println("公钥：" + tmpPubKey);
        }catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException exception){
            System.out.println("生成秘钥公钥失败");
        }
        //公钥加密、私钥解密
        try {
            String txt = "123456789,13000000001,oUpF8uMuAJO_M2pxb1Q9zNjWeS6oob1Q9zNjWeS6oQ9zNjW,1672914158,1672914158,啊";//注意需要加密的原文长度不要太长 过长的字符串会导致加解密失败
            System.out.println("加密前原文：" + txt);//加密后文本
            String rsaText = RsaUtils.encryptByPublicKey(tmpPubKey, txt);//公钥加密 ！！！
            System.out.println("密文：" + rsaText);//加密后文本
            System.out.println("解密后原文：" + RsaUtils.decryptByPrivateKey(tmpPriKey, rsaText));//私钥解密 ！！！
        }catch (BadPaddingException e){
            System.out.println(e.getStackTrace());
            System.out.println("加解密失败");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 使用固定的 privateKey 、 publicKey 进行加解密测试
     * 注意 需要加密的原文长度不要太长 过长的字符串会导致加解密失败
     */
    public static void tryEncryptAndDecrypt(){
        //公钥加密、私钥解密
        try {
            String txt = "123456789,13000000001,oUpF8uMuAJO_M2pxb1Q9zNjWeS6oob1Q9zNjWeS6oQ9zNjW,1672914158,1672914158,啊";//注意需要加密的原文长度不要太长 过长的字符串会导致加解密失败
            System.out.println("加密前原文：" + txt);//加密后文本
            String rsaText = RsaUtils.encryptByPublicKey(RsaUtils.publicKey, txt);//RsaUtils.publicKey 公钥加密 ！！！
            System.out.println("密文：" + rsaText);//加密后文本
            System.out.println("解密后原文：" + RsaUtils.decryptByPrivateKey(RsaUtils.privateKey, rsaText));//RsaUtils.privateKey 私钥解密 ！！！
        }catch (BadPaddingException e){
            System.out.println(e.getStackTrace());
            System.out.println("加解密失败");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
}

1. 一次性调用 RsaUtils工具类中的方法随机生成私钥公钥(保存打印的公钥私钥放入工具类中，后续使用固定的公钥私钥进行数据加解密)

         //调用 RsaUtils.generateKeyPair() 生成RSA公钥秘钥
         String tmpPriKey = "";//私钥
         String tmpPubKey = "";//公钥
         try{
             RsaUtils.RsaKeyPair rsaKeyPair = RsaUtils.generateKeyPair();
             tmpPriKey = rsaKeyPair.getPrivateKey();
             tmpPubKey = rsaKeyPair.getPublicKey();
             System.out.println("私钥：" + tmpPriKey);
             System.out.println("公钥：" + tmpPubKey);
         }catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException exception){
             System.out.println("生成秘钥公钥失败");
         }
         //公钥加密、私钥解密
         try {
             String txt = "123456789,13000000001,oUpF8uMuAJO_M2pxb1Q9zNjWeS6oob1Q9zNjWeS6oQ9zNjW,1672914158,1672914158";
             System.out.println("加密前原文：" + txt);//加密后文本
             String rsaText = RsaUtils.encryptByPublicKey(tmpPubKey, txt);//公钥加密 ！！！
             System.out.println("密文：" + rsaText);//加密后文本
             System.out.println("解密后原文：" + RsaUtils.decryptByPrivateKey(tmpPriKey, rsaText));//私钥解密 ！！！
         }catch (BadPaddingException e){
             System.out.println(e.getStackTrace());
             System.out.println("加解密失败");
         } catch (Exception e) {
             throw new RuntimeException(e);
         }

2. 使用RsaUtils的常量私钥公钥加解密

将生成的公钥私钥放到RsaUtils工具类中

以后所有的加解密都使用工具类的公钥私钥进行加解密

//公钥加密、私钥解密
         try {
             String txt = "123456789,13000000001,oUpF8uMuAJO_M2pxb1Q9zNjWeS6oob1Q9zNjWeS6oQ9zNjW,1672914158,1672914158";
             System.out.println("加密前原文：" + txt);//加密后文本
             String rsaText = RsaUtils.encryptByPublicKey(RsaUtils.publicKey, txt);//RsaUtils.publicKey 公钥加密 ！！！
             System.out.println("密文：" + rsaText);//加密后文本
             System.out.println("解密后原文：" + RsaUtils.decryptByPrivateKey(RsaUtils.privateKey, rsaText));//RsaUtils.privateKey 私钥解密 ！！！
         }catch (BadPaddingException e){
             System.out.println(e.getStackTrace());
             System.out.println("加解密失败");
         } catch (Exception e) {
             throw new RuntimeException(e);
         }