CRC16常见的标准有以下几种,被用在各个规范中,其算法原理基本一致,就是在数据的输入和输出有所差异,下边把这些标准的差异列出,并给出C语言的算法实现。
CRC16_CCITT:多项式x16+x12+x5+1(0x1021),初始值0x0000,低位在前,高位在后,结果与0x0000异或
CRC16_CCITT_FALSE:多项式x16+x12+x5+1(0x1021),初始值0xFFFF,低位在后,高位在前,结果与0x0000异或
CRC16_XMODEM:多项式x16+x12+x5+1(0x1021),初始值0x0000,低位在后,高位在前,结果与0x0000异或
CRC16_X25:多项式x16+x12+x5+1(0x1021),初始值0x0000,低位在前,高位在后,结果与0xFFFF异或
CRC16_MODBUS:多项式x16+x15+x2+1(0x8005),初始值0xFFFF,低位在前,高位在后,结果与0x0000异或
CRC16_IBM:多项式x16+x15+x2+1(0x8005),初始值0x0000,低位在前,高位在后,结果与0x0000异或
CRC16_MAXIM:多项式x16+x15+x2+1(0x8005),初始值0x0000,低位在前,高位在后,结果与0xFFFF异或
CRC16_USB:多项式x16+x15+x2+1(0x8005),初始值0xFFFF,低位在前,高位在后,结果与0xFFFF异或
模式 | 多项式 | 初始值 | 数据位序 | 结果处理 |
CRC16_CCITT | x16+x12+x5+1(0x1021) | 0x0000 | 低位在前,高位在后 | 与0x0000异或 |
CRC16_CCITT_FALSE | x16+x12+x5+1(0x1021) | 0xFFFF | 低位在后,高位在前 | 与0x0000异或 |
CRC16_XMODEM | x16+x12+x5+1(0x1021) | 0x0000 | 低位在后,高位在前 | 与0x0000异或 |
CRC16_X25 | x16+x12+x5+1(0x1021) | 0x0000 | 低位在后,高位在前 | 与0xFFFF异或 |
CRC16_ MODBUS | x16+x15+x2+1(0x8005) | 0xFFFF | 低位在前,高位在后 | 与0x0000异或 |
CRC16_ IBM | x16+x15+x2+1(0x8005) | 0x0000 | 低位在前,高位在后 | 与0x0000异或 |
CRC16_ MAXIM | x16+x15+x2+1(0x8005) | 0x0000 | 低位在前,高位在后 | 与0xFFFF异或 |
CRC16_ USB | x16+x15+x2+1(0x8005) | 0xFFFF | 低位在前,高位在后 | 与0xFFFF异或 |
多项式产生:
如x16+x12+x5+1
x16表示第16位为1,x5表示第5位为1
(1 << 16) | (1 << 12) | (1 << 5) | (1) = 0x11021
但是CRC16只取低16位,写成16进制数就是 0x1021
CRC16的算法原理:
1.根据CRC16的标准选择初值CRCIn的值。
2.将数据的第一个字节与CRCIn高8位异或。
3.判断最高位,若该位为 0 左移一位,若为 1 左移一位再与多项式Hex码异或。
4.重复3直至8位全部移位计算结束。
5.重复将所有输入数据操作完成以上步骤,所得16位数即16位CRC校验码。
根据算法原理与标准要求就能简单的写出具体程序:
-
unsigned short CRC16_CCITT(unsigned char *puchMsg, unsigned int usDataLen)
-
{
-
unsigned short wCRCin = 0x0000;
-
unsigned short wCPoly = 0x1021;
-
unsigned char wChar = 0;
-
while (usDataLen--)
-
{
-
wChar = *(puchMsg++);
-
InvertUint8(&wChar,&wChar);
-
wCRCin ^= (wChar << 8);
-
for(int i = 0;i < 8;i++)
-
{
-
if(wCRCin & 0x8000)
-
wCRCin = (wCRCin << 1) ^ wCPoly;
-
else
-
wCRCin = wCRCin << 1;
-
}
-
}
-
InvertUint16(&wCRCin,&wCRCin);
-
return (wCRCin) ;
-
}
-
unsigned short CRC16_CCITT_FALSE(unsigned char *puchMsg, unsigned int usDataLen)
-
{
-
unsigned short wCRCin = 0xFFFF;
-
unsigned short wCPoly = 0x1021;
-
unsigned char wChar = 0;
-
while (usDataLen--)
-
{
-
wChar = *(puchMsg++);
-
wCRCin ^= (wChar << 8);
-
for(int i = 0;i < 8;i++)
-
{
-
if(wCRCin & 0x8000)
-
wCRCin = (wCRCin << 1) ^ wCPoly;
-
else
-
wCRCin = wCRCin << 1;
-
}
-
}
-
return (wCRCin) ;
-
}
-
unsigned short CRC16_XMODEM(unsigned char *puchMsg, unsigned int usDataLen)
-
{
-
unsigned short wCRCin = 0x0000;
-
unsigned short wCPoly = 0x1021;
-
unsigned char wChar = 0;
-
while (usDataLen--)
-
{
-
wChar = *(puchMsg++);
-
wCRCin ^= (wChar << 8);
-
for(int i = 0;i < 8;i++)
-
{
-
if(wCRCin & 0x8000)
-
wCRCin = (wCRCin << 1) ^ wCPoly;
-
else
-
wCRCin = wCRCin << 1;
-
}
-
}
-
return (wCRCin) ;
-
}
-
unsigned short CRC16_X25(unsigned char *puchMsg, unsigned int usDataLen)
-
{
-
unsigned short wCRCin = 0xFFFF;
-
unsigned short wCPoly = 0x1021;
-
unsigned char wChar = 0;
-
while (usDataLen--)
-
{
-
wChar = *(puchMsg++);
-
InvertUint8(&wChar,&wChar);
-
wCRCin ^= (wChar << 8);
-
for(int i = 0;i < 8;i++)
-
{
-
if(wCRCin & 0x8000)
-
wCRCin = (wCRCin << 1) ^ wCPoly;
-
else
-
wCRCin = wCRCin << 1;
-
}
-
}
-
InvertUint16(&wCRCin,&wCRCin);
-
return (wCRCin^0xFFFF) ;
-
}
-
unsigned short CRC16_MODBUS(unsigned char *puchMsg, unsigned int usDataLen)
-
{
-
unsigned short wCRCin = 0xFFFF;
-
unsigned short wCPoly = 0x8005;
-
unsigned char wChar = 0;
-
while (usDataLen--)
-
{
-
wChar = *(puchMsg++);
-
InvertUint8(&wChar,&wChar);
-
wCRCin ^= (wChar << 8);
-
for(int i = 0;i < 8;i++)
-
{
-
if(wCRCin & 0x8000)
-
wCRCin = (wCRCin << 1) ^ wCPoly;
-
else
-
wCRCin = wCRCin << 1;
-
}
-
}
-
InvertUint16(&wCRCin,&wCRCin);
-
return (wCRCin) ;
-
}
-
unsigned short CRC16_IBM(unsigned char *puchMsg, unsigned int usDataLen)
-
{
-
unsigned short wCRCin = 0x0000;
-
unsigned short wCPoly = 0x8005;
-
unsigned char wChar = 0;
-
while (usDataLen--)
-
{
-
wChar = *(puchMsg++);
-
InvertUint8(&wChar,&wChar);
-
wCRCin ^= (wChar << 8);
-
for(int i = 0;i < 8;i++)
-
{
-
if(wCRCin & 0x8000)
-
wCRCin = (wCRCin << 1) ^ wCPoly;
-
else
-
wCRCin = wCRCin << 1;
-
}
-
}
-
InvertUint16(&wCRCin,&wCRCin);
-
return (wCRCin) ;
-
}
-
unsigned short CRC16_MAXIM(unsigned char *puchMsg, unsigned int usDataLen)
-
{
-
unsigned short wCRCin = 0x0000;
-
unsigned short wCPoly = 0x8005;
-
unsigned char wChar = 0;
-
while (usDataLen--)
-
{
-
wChar = *(puchMsg++);
-
InvertUint8(&wChar,&wChar);
-
wCRCin ^= (wChar << 8);
-
for(int i = 0;i < 8;i++)
-
{
-
if(wCRCin & 0x8000)
-
wCRCin = (wCRCin << 1) ^ wCPoly;
-
else
-
wCRCin = wCRCin << 1;
-
}
-
}
-
InvertUint16(&wCRCin,&wCRCin);
-
return (wCRCin^0xFFFF) ;
-
}
-
unsigned short CRC16_USB(unsigned char *puchMsg, unsigned int usDataLen)
-
{
-
unsigned short wCRCin = 0xFFFF;
-
unsigned short wCPoly = 0x8005;
-
unsigned char wChar = 0;
-
while (usDataLen--)
-
{
-
wChar = *(puchMsg++);
-
InvertUint8(&wChar,&wChar);
-
wCRCin ^= (wChar << 8);
-
for(int i = 0;i < 8;i++)
-
{
-
if(wCRCin & 0x8000)
-
wCRCin = (wCRCin << 1) ^ wCPoly;
-
else
-
wCRCin = wCRCin << 1;
-
}
-
}
-
InvertUint16(&wCRCin,&wCRCin);
-
return (wCRCin^0xFFFF) ;
-
}
-
void InvertUint8(unsigned char *dBuf,unsigned char *srcBuf)
-
{
-
int i;
-
unsigned char tmp[4];
-
tmp[0] = 0;
-
for(i=0;i< 8;i++)
-
{
-
if(srcBuf[0]& (1 << i))
-
tmp[0]|=1<<(7-i);
-
}
-
dBuf[0] = tmp[0];
-
}
-
void InvertUint16(unsigned short *dBuf,unsigned short *srcBuf)
-
{
-
int i;
-
unsigned short tmp[4];
-
tmp[0] = 0;
-
for(i=0;i< 16;i++)
-
{
-
if(srcBuf[0]& (1 << i))
-
tmp[0]|=1<<(15 - i);
-
}
-
dBuf[0] = tmp[0];
-
}
具体验证请使用这个工具,内含CRC所有算法的计算