Vuex 是一个专为 Vue.js 应用程序开发的状态管理模式。它采用集中式存储管理应用的所有组件的状态,并以相应的规则保证状态以一种可预测的方式发生变化。
由于使用单一状态树,应用的所有状态会集中到一个比较大的对象。当应用变得非常复杂时,store 对象就有可能变得相当臃肿。为了解决以上问题,Vuex允许我们将store分割成模块(module)。每个模块拥有自己的state、mutation、action、getter、甚至是嵌套子模块——从上至下进行同样方式的分割:
import Vue from 'vue'
import Vuex from 'vuex'
import app from './modules/app'
import user from './modules/user'
import tagsView from './modules/tagsView'
import permission from './modules/permission'
import settings from './modules/settings'
import getters from './getters'
Vue.use(Vuex)
const store = new Vuex.Store({
modules: {
app,
user,
tagsView,
permission,
settings
},
getters
})
export default store
其中 getters:
const getters = {
sidebar: state => state.app.sidebar,
size: state => state.app.size,
device: state => state.app.device,
visitedViews: state => state.tagsView.visitedViews,
cachedViews: state => state.tagsView.cachedViews,
token: state => state.user.token,
avatar: state => state.user.avatar,
name: state => state.user.name,
introduction: state => state.user.introduction,
roles: state => state.user.roles,
permissions: state => state.user.permissions,
permission_routes: state => state.permission.routes,
topbarRouters:state => state.permission.topbarRouters,
defaultRoutes:state => state.permission.defaultRoutes,
sidebarRouters:state => state.permission.sidebarRouters,
}
export default getters
我们通过提交 mutation 的方式,而非直接改变 store.state.count,是因为我们想要更明确地追踪到状态的变化。app module 示例:
import Cookies from 'js-cookie'
const state = {
sidebar: {
opened: Cookies.get('sidebarStatus') ? !!+Cookies.get('sidebarStatus') : true,
withoutAnimation: false
},
device: 'desktop',
size: Cookies.get('size') || 'medium'
}
const mutations = {
TOGGLE_SIDEBAR: state => {
state.sidebar.opened = !state.sidebar.opened
state.sidebar.withoutAnimation = false
if (state.sidebar.opened) {
Cookies.set('sidebarStatus', 1)
} else {
Cookies.set('sidebarStatus', 0)
}
},
CLOSE_SIDEBAR: (state, withoutAnimation) => {
Cookies.set('sidebarStatus', 0)
state.sidebar.opened = false
state.sidebar.withoutAnimation = withoutAnimation
},
TOGGLE_DEVICE: (state, device) => {
state.device = device
},
SET_SIZE: (state, size) => {
state.size = size
Cookies.set('size', size)
}
}
const actions = {
toggleSideBar({ commit }) {
commit('TOGGLE_SIDEBAR')
},
closeSideBar({ commit }, { withoutAnimation }) {
commit('CLOSE_SIDEBAR', withoutAnimation)
},
toggleDevice({ commit }, device) {
commit('TOGGLE_DEVICE', device)
},
setSize({ commit }, size) {
commit('SET_SIZE', size)
}
}
export default {
namespaced: true,
state,
mutations,
actions
}
一般使用action来提交更改
this.$store.dispatch('app/setSize', size)
取vuex state的时候可以直接使用:
this.$store.state.permission.topbarRouters;
如果有getters的话,也可以通过getters来取:
this.$store.getters.permission_routes
使用vuex 提供的辅助函数 来取:
mapGetters 辅助函数是将 store 中的 getter 映射到局部计算属性:
当映射的计算属性的名称与 state 的子节点名称相同时,我们也可以给 mapState
传一个字符串数组;
computed: {
...mapState(["settings"]),
...mapGetters(["sidebarRouters", "sidebar"])
}
如果你想将一个 getter 属性另取一个名字,使用对象形式:
...mapGetters({
// 把 `this.doneCount` 映射为 `this.$store.getters.doneTodosCount`
doneCount: 'doneTodosCount'
})
vue-devtool :