看完Google的文档,我终于自己写出了一个简单的ContentProvider,并且写了另一个工程去使用它,现总结如下:
一、创建一个ContentProvider必备:
1. Set up a system for storing the data,就是想好你用什么方式存储数据,你可以用任何你喜欢的方式存储,文件存储或SQLite数据库
2. Extend the ContentProvider class to provide access to the data.
3. Declare the content provider in the manifest file for your application (AndroidManifest.xml).就是写上类似这样的东西:
<provider android:name="LilyProvider" android:authorities="com.ianc.lilyprovider" />
二、写一个类继承自ContentProvider,并且使用一个继承自SQLiteOpenHelper的类去管理database以及table的创建。
三、将override所有的unimplemented方法,即:
query()
insert()
update()
delete()
getType()
onCreate()
四、需要写一个供使用者使用的类,这个类中必须公布给使用者用的CONTENT_URI,以及各个表的column名,并且最好用注释写好每个column的类型,以方便Provider的用户使用。例如我就写了一个类:
public class LilyUser {
public static class User{
public static final Uri CONTENT_URI = Uri.parse("content://com.ianc.lilyprovider/" + "customer");
}
public static class UserColumns implements BaseColumns{
public static String NAME = "name";
public static String PASSWORD = "password";
}
}这里面我就将整个类看成是一个database,然后里面User算成是一张表(其实表名是customer,这里名字还是没有命名好,应该一致的),而UserColumn则是这张表的所有column。这样的结构比较清晰易读。
五、在创建table的时候_ID很重要,文档中很明确说明了这一点:
1.Be sure to include an integer column named "_id" (with the constant _ID) for the IDs of the records.
2.假如设置了INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT这个属性,那么不论数据库的数据是否被删除过,系统的id将一直增长,而假如不加AUTOINCREMENT这个属性,那么删除掉一条数据后空出的id,将在下一次新增数据时使用,例如有数据1,2,3条,现在删去第2条,再插入一条,那么新增的这一条id是2,假如设置了AUTOINCREMENT,那么则是4。
六、最后我想到一个方式如何在使用ContentProvider 的query时候去实现多表查询了,我想只要自己定义好uri的格式,然后在Provider的query里面去解析传来的uri,只要满足特定条件,就代表是多表查询就ok,这个方法我会下次试试。
我写了两个工程一个是LilyProvider,这个就是我写的ContentProvider了,另一个是TestLilyProvider,就是使用我写的这个provider啦。
附上主要的代码:
LilyUser.java:供Provider的使用者使用的类
view plaincopy to clipboardprint?
1. package com.ianc.lilyprovider;
2. import android.net.Uri;
3. import android.provider.BaseColumns;
4. public class LilyUser {
5.
6. public static class User{
7. public static final Uri CONTENT_URI = Uri.parse("content://com.ianc.lilyprovider/" + "customer");
8. }
9. public static class UserColumns implements BaseColumns{
10. public static String NAME = "name";
11. public static String PASSWORD = "password";
12. }
13. }
LilyProvider.java:一个简单粗暴的ContentProvider
view plaincopy to clipboardprint?
1. package com.ianc.lilyprovider;
2. import android.content.ContentProvider;
3. import android.content.ContentValues;
4. import android.content.Context;
5. import android.content.UriMatcher;
6. import android.database.Cursor;
7. import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
8. import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper;
9. import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.CursorFactory;
10. import android.net.Uri;
11. import android.util.Log;
12. public class LilyProvider extends ContentProvider {
13. final String TABLE_NAME = "customer";
14. private static final String DATABASE_NAME = "lily.db";
15. private String AUTHORITY = "com.ianc.lilyprovider";
16. private static final int DATABASE_VERSION = 1;
17. DatabaseHelper mDbHelper;
18. static UriMatcher sUriMatcher;
19. static{
20. // sUriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY, path, code)
21. }
22. class DatabaseHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {
23. public DatabaseHelper(Context context) {
24. super(context, DATABASE_NAME, null, DATABASE_VERSION);
25. }
26. @Override
27. public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
28. Log.i("lily","LilyProvider-->DatabaseHelper-->onCreate");
29. db.execSQL("Create table " + TABLE_NAME + "( " +
30. LilyUser.UserColumns._ID+ " INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, " +
31. LilyUser.UserColumns._COUNT + " INTEGER,"+
32. LilyUser.UserColumns.NAME + " TEXT," +
33. LilyUser.UserColumns.PASSWORD +" TEXT" +
34. ");");
35. }
36. @Override
37. public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
38. Log.i("lily","LilyProvider-->DatabaseHelper-->onUpgrade");
39. db.execSQL("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS "+TABLE_NAME+";");
40. onCreate(db);
41. }
42.
43. }
44. @Override
45. public int delete(Uri arg0, String arg1, String[] arg2) {
46. Log.i("lily","LilyProvider-->delete");
47. SQLiteDatabase db = mDbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
48. int rownum = db.delete(TABLE_NAME, arg1, arg2);
49. return rownum;
50. }
51. @Override
52. public String getType(Uri uri) {
53. Log.i("lily","LilyProvider-->getType");
54. return null;
55. }
56. @Override
57. public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues values) {
58. Log.i("lily","LilyProvider-->insert");
59. SQLiteDatabase db = mDbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
60. db.insert(TABLE_NAME, null, values);
61. return null;
62. }
63. @Override
64. public boolean onCreate() {
65. Log.i("lily","LilyProvider-->onCreate");
66. mDbHelper = new DatabaseHelper(this.getContext());
67. return false;
68. }
69. @Override
70. public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection,
71. String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder) {
72. Log.i("lily","LilyProvider-->query");
73. SQLiteDatabase db = mDbHelper.getReadableDatabase();
74. Cursor c = db.query(TABLE_NAME, projection, selection, selectionArgs, null, null, sortOrder);
75. return c;
76. }
77. @Override
78. public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String selection,
79. String[] selectionArgs) {
80. Log.i("lily","LilyProvider-->update");
81. SQLiteDatabase db = mDbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
82. int rownum = db.update(TABLE_NAME, values, selection, selectionArgs);
83. return rownum;
84. }
85. }
TestLilyProvider.java:例举一个简单的使用方法
view plaincopy to clipboardprint?
1. package com.ianc.testlilyprovider;
2. import com.ianc.lilyprovider.LilyUser;
3. import android.app.Activity;
4. import android.content.ContentUris;
5. import android.content.ContentValues;
6. import android.database.Cursor;
7. import android.net.Uri;
8. import android.os.Bundle;
9. import android.util.Log;
10. import android.view.View;
11. import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
12. import android.widget.Button;
13. public class TestLilyProvider extends Activity implements OnClickListener {
14. Button mQueryBtn;
15. Button mInsertBtn;
16. Button mUpdateBtn;
17. Button mDeleteBtn;
18. /** Called when the activity is first created. */
19. @Override
20. public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
21. super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
22. setContentView(R.layout.main);
23. mQueryBtn = (Button)findViewById(R.id.query);
24. mInsertBtn = (Button)findViewById(R.id.insert);
25. mUpdateBtn = (Button)findViewById(R.id.update);
26. mDeleteBtn = (Button)findViewById(R.id.delete);
27.
28. mQueryBtn.setOnClickListener(this);
29. mInsertBtn.setOnClickListener(this);
30. mUpdateBtn.setOnClickListener(this);
31. mDeleteBtn.setOnClickListener(this);
32. }
33. @Override
34. public void onClick(View v) {
35. if (v == mQueryBtn){
36. query();
37. }
38. else if (v == mInsertBtn){
39. insert();
40. }
41. else if (v == mUpdateBtn){
42. update();
43. }
44. else if (v == mDeleteBtn){
45. delete();
46. }
47.
48. }
49. private void query() {
50. String[] projection = {LilyUser.UserColumns._ID, LilyUser.UserColumns.NAME, LilyUser.UserColumns.PASSWORD};
51. String selection = null;
52. String [] selectionArgs = {"lily"};
53. String sortOrder = null;
54.
55. Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(LilyUser.User.CONTENT_URI, projection, LilyUser.UserColumns.NAME +" = ?", selectionArgs, sortOrder);
56. if (cursor.moveToFirst()){
57. Log.i("lily","*********************************************");
58. String id;
59. String name;
60. String password;
61. do{
62. id = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(LilyUser.UserColumns._ID));
63. Log.i("lily","id = "+id);
64.
65. name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(LilyUser.UserColumns.NAME));
66. Log.i("lily","name = "+name);
67.
68. password = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(LilyUser.UserColumns.PASSWORD));
69. Log.i("lily","password = "+password);
70.
71. Log.i("lily","*********************************************");
72. }while(cursor.moveToNext());
73. }
74. else{
75. Log.i("lily","no result");
76. }
77. cursor.close();
78. }
79.
80. private void insert() {
81. ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
82. values.put(LilyUser.UserColumns.NAME, "lily");
83. values.put(LilyUser.UserColumns.PASSWORD, "19870528");
84. getContentResolver().insert(LilyUser.User.CONTENT_URI, values);
85. }
86.
87. private void update() {
88. ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
89. values.put(LilyUser.UserColumns.NAME, "lily");
90. values.put(LilyUser.UserColumns.PASSWORD, "ljy19870528");
91. String[] selectionArgs = {"lily"};
92. int num = getContentResolver().update(LilyUser.User.CONTENT_URI, values, LilyUser.UserColumns.NAME +" = ?", selectionArgs);
93. Log.i("lily",num + " rows be updated");
94. }
95.
96. private void delete() {
97. String[] selectionArgs = {"lily"};
98. int num = getContentResolver().delete(LilyUser.User.CONTENT_URI, LilyUser.UserColumns.NAME +" = ?", selectionArgs);
99. Log.i("lily",num+" rows be deleted");
100.
101. }
102. }
一、创建一个ContentProvider必备:
1. Set up a system for storing the data,就是想好你用什么方式存储数据,你可以用任何你喜欢的方式存储,文件存储或SQLite数据库
2. Extend the ContentProvider class to provide access to the data.
3. Declare the content provider in the manifest file for your application (AndroidManifest.xml).就是写上类似这样的东西:
<provider android:name="LilyProvider" android:authorities="com.ianc.lilyprovider" />
二、写一个类继承自ContentProvider,并且使用一个继承自SQLiteOpenHelper的类去管理database以及table的创建。
三、将override所有的unimplemented方法,即:
query()
insert()
update()
delete()
getType()
onCreate()
四、需要写一个供使用者使用的类,这个类中必须公布给使用者用的CONTENT_URI,以及各个表的column名,并且最好用注释写好每个column的类型,以方便Provider的用户使用。例如我就写了一个类:
public class LilyUser {
public static class User{
public static final Uri CONTENT_URI = Uri.parse("content://com.ianc.lilyprovider/" + "customer");
}
public static class UserColumns implements BaseColumns{
public static String NAME = "name";
public static String PASSWORD = "password";
}
}这里面我就将整个类看成是一个database,然后里面User算成是一张表(其实表名是customer,这里名字还是没有命名好,应该一致的),而UserColumn则是这张表的所有column。这样的结构比较清晰易读。
五、在创建table的时候_ID很重要,文档中很明确说明了这一点:
1.Be sure to include an integer column named "_id" (with the constant _ID) for the IDs of the records.
2.假如设置了INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT这个属性,那么不论数据库的数据是否被删除过,系统的id将一直增长,而假如不加AUTOINCREMENT这个属性,那么删除掉一条数据后空出的id,将在下一次新增数据时使用,例如有数据1,2,3条,现在删去第2条,再插入一条,那么新增的这一条id是2,假如设置了AUTOINCREMENT,那么则是4。
六、最后我想到一个方式如何在使用ContentProvider 的query时候去实现多表查询了,我想只要自己定义好uri的格式,然后在Provider的query里面去解析传来的uri,只要满足特定条件,就代表是多表查询就ok,这个方法我会下次试试。
我写了两个工程一个是LilyProvider,这个就是我写的ContentProvider了,另一个是TestLilyProvider,就是使用我写的这个provider啦。
附上主要的代码:
LilyUser.java:供Provider的使用者使用的类
view plaincopy to clipboardprint?
1. package com.ianc.lilyprovider;
2. import android.net.Uri;
3. import android.provider.BaseColumns;
4. public class LilyUser {
5.
6. public static class User{
7. public static final Uri CONTENT_URI = Uri.parse("content://com.ianc.lilyprovider/" + "customer");
8. }
9. public static class UserColumns implements BaseColumns{
10. public static String NAME = "name";
11. public static String PASSWORD = "password";
12. }
13. }
LilyProvider.java:一个简单粗暴的ContentProvider
view plaincopy to clipboardprint?
1. package com.ianc.lilyprovider;
2. import android.content.ContentProvider;
3. import android.content.ContentValues;
4. import android.content.Context;
5. import android.content.UriMatcher;
6. import android.database.Cursor;
7. import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
8. import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper;
9. import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.CursorFactory;
10. import android.net.Uri;
11. import android.util.Log;
12. public class LilyProvider extends ContentProvider {
13. final String TABLE_NAME = "customer";
14. private static final String DATABASE_NAME = "lily.db";
15. private String AUTHORITY = "com.ianc.lilyprovider";
16. private static final int DATABASE_VERSION = 1;
17. DatabaseHelper mDbHelper;
18. static UriMatcher sUriMatcher;
19. static{
20. // sUriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY, path, code)
21. }
22. class DatabaseHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {
23. public DatabaseHelper(Context context) {
24. super(context, DATABASE_NAME, null, DATABASE_VERSION);
25. }
26. @Override
27. public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
28. Log.i("lily","LilyProvider-->DatabaseHelper-->onCreate");
29. db.execSQL("Create table " + TABLE_NAME + "( " +
30. LilyUser.UserColumns._ID+ " INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, " +
31. LilyUser.UserColumns._COUNT + " INTEGER,"+
32. LilyUser.UserColumns.NAME + " TEXT," +
33. LilyUser.UserColumns.PASSWORD +" TEXT" +
34. ");");
35. }
36. @Override
37. public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
38. Log.i("lily","LilyProvider-->DatabaseHelper-->onUpgrade");
39. db.execSQL("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS "+TABLE_NAME+";");
40. onCreate(db);
41. }
42.
43. }
44. @Override
45. public int delete(Uri arg0, String arg1, String[] arg2) {
46. Log.i("lily","LilyProvider-->delete");
47. SQLiteDatabase db = mDbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
48. int rownum = db.delete(TABLE_NAME, arg1, arg2);
49. return rownum;
50. }
51. @Override
52. public String getType(Uri uri) {
53. Log.i("lily","LilyProvider-->getType");
54. return null;
55. }
56. @Override
57. public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues values) {
58. Log.i("lily","LilyProvider-->insert");
59. SQLiteDatabase db = mDbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
60. db.insert(TABLE_NAME, null, values);
61. return null;
62. }
63. @Override
64. public boolean onCreate() {
65. Log.i("lily","LilyProvider-->onCreate");
66. mDbHelper = new DatabaseHelper(this.getContext());
67. return false;
68. }
69. @Override
70. public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection,
71. String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder) {
72. Log.i("lily","LilyProvider-->query");
73. SQLiteDatabase db = mDbHelper.getReadableDatabase();
74. Cursor c = db.query(TABLE_NAME, projection, selection, selectionArgs, null, null, sortOrder);
75. return c;
76. }
77. @Override
78. public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String selection,
79. String[] selectionArgs) {
80. Log.i("lily","LilyProvider-->update");
81. SQLiteDatabase db = mDbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
82. int rownum = db.update(TABLE_NAME, values, selection, selectionArgs);
83. return rownum;
84. }
85. }
TestLilyProvider.java:例举一个简单的使用方法
view plaincopy to clipboardprint?
1. package com.ianc.testlilyprovider;
2. import com.ianc.lilyprovider.LilyUser;
3. import android.app.Activity;
4. import android.content.ContentUris;
5. import android.content.ContentValues;
6. import android.database.Cursor;
7. import android.net.Uri;
8. import android.os.Bundle;
9. import android.util.Log;
10. import android.view.View;
11. import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
12. import android.widget.Button;
13. public class TestLilyProvider extends Activity implements OnClickListener {
14. Button mQueryBtn;
15. Button mInsertBtn;
16. Button mUpdateBtn;
17. Button mDeleteBtn;
18. /** Called when the activity is first created. */
19. @Override
20. public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
21. super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
22. setContentView(R.layout.main);
23. mQueryBtn = (Button)findViewById(R.id.query);
24. mInsertBtn = (Button)findViewById(R.id.insert);
25. mUpdateBtn = (Button)findViewById(R.id.update);
26. mDeleteBtn = (Button)findViewById(R.id.delete);
27.
28. mQueryBtn.setOnClickListener(this);
29. mInsertBtn.setOnClickListener(this);
30. mUpdateBtn.setOnClickListener(this);
31. mDeleteBtn.setOnClickListener(this);
32. }
33. @Override
34. public void onClick(View v) {
35. if (v == mQueryBtn){
36. query();
37. }
38. else if (v == mInsertBtn){
39. insert();
40. }
41. else if (v == mUpdateBtn){
42. update();
43. }
44. else if (v == mDeleteBtn){
45. delete();
46. }
47.
48. }
49. private void query() {
50. String[] projection = {LilyUser.UserColumns._ID, LilyUser.UserColumns.NAME, LilyUser.UserColumns.PASSWORD};
51. String selection = null;
52. String [] selectionArgs = {"lily"};
53. String sortOrder = null;
54.
55. Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(LilyUser.User.CONTENT_URI, projection, LilyUser.UserColumns.NAME +" = ?", selectionArgs, sortOrder);
56. if (cursor.moveToFirst()){
57. Log.i("lily","*********************************************");
58. String id;
59. String name;
60. String password;
61. do{
62. id = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(LilyUser.UserColumns._ID));
63. Log.i("lily","id = "+id);
64.
65. name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(LilyUser.UserColumns.NAME));
66. Log.i("lily","name = "+name);
67.
68. password = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(LilyUser.UserColumns.PASSWORD));
69. Log.i("lily","password = "+password);
70.
71. Log.i("lily","*********************************************");
72. }while(cursor.moveToNext());
73. }
74. else{
75. Log.i("lily","no result");
76. }
77. cursor.close();
78. }
79.
80. private void insert() {
81. ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
82. values.put(LilyUser.UserColumns.NAME, "lily");
83. values.put(LilyUser.UserColumns.PASSWORD, "19870528");
84. getContentResolver().insert(LilyUser.User.CONTENT_URI, values);
85. }
86.
87. private void update() {
88. ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
89. values.put(LilyUser.UserColumns.NAME, "lily");
90. values.put(LilyUser.UserColumns.PASSWORD, "ljy19870528");
91. String[] selectionArgs = {"lily"};
92. int num = getContentResolver().update(LilyUser.User.CONTENT_URI, values, LilyUser.UserColumns.NAME +" = ?", selectionArgs);
93. Log.i("lily",num + " rows be updated");
94. }
95.
96. private void delete() {
97. String[] selectionArgs = {"lily"};
98. int num = getContentResolver().delete(LilyUser.User.CONTENT_URI, LilyUser.UserColumns.NAME +" = ?", selectionArgs);
99. Log.i("lily",num+" rows be deleted");
100.
101. }
102. }