Nginx网站服务与六种实验

编译安装Nginx服务及升级

1.关闭防火墙和安全措施，将软件包下载到opt目录中

[root@localhost opt]# systemctl stop firewalld.service 

[root@localhost opt]# setenforce 0

2. 安装Nginx所需要的依赖包

[root@localhost opt]# yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ make

 3.创建Nginx程序用户

[root@localhost opt]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx

4.解包并且安装所需要的模块

[root@localhost opt]# tar zxvf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz -C /opt/
[root@localhost opt]# cd nginx-1.12.2
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# ./configure \
> --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
> --user=nginx \
> --group=nginx \
> --with-http_stub_status_module

5.编译安装

[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# make -j4 && make install

现有nginx版本号

6.升级nginx版本，解包并编辑模块

[root@localhost opt]# tar -zxvf nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz
[root@localhost opt]# tar -zxvf nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz
[root@localhost nginx-1.22.0]# yum -y install pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel

[root@localhost nginx-1.22.0]# ./configure \
> --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
> --user=nginx \
> --group=nginx \
> --with-http_stub_status_module \
> --with-http_ssl_module

[root@localhost nginx-1.22.0]# make

7.备份文件

[root@localhost nginx-1.22.0]# mv /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx_old
[root@localhost nginx-1.22.0]# cp objs/nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

8.升级完成，查看版本

9.添加 Nginx 系统服务

[root@localhost system]# cd /etc/init.d/
[root@localhost init.d]# vim nginx    #创建一个新的文件


#!/bin/bash
#chkconfig: 35 99 20    
#description:Nginx Service Control Script 
COM="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
PID="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
case "$1" in
start)
  $COM
;;

stop)
  kill -s QUIT $(cat $PID)
;;

restart)
  $0 stop
  $0 start
;;

reload)
  kill -s HUP $(cat $PID)
;;

*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|reload}"
exit 1

esac
exit 0

10.配置nginx主配置文件

[root@localhost init.d]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 


#user  nginx;             #指定运行用户
worker_processes  4;      #指定服务器内核书

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    use epoll;             #指定使用epoll模型
    worker_connections  1024;
}

11.查看nginx服务运行状态

Nginx的六个实验

1.访问状态统计配置

1.1备份配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf
[root@localhost conf]# cp nginx.conf nginx.conf.bak

1.2修改nginx配置文件

[root@localhost conf]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

 server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  www.kcg.com;

        charset utf-8;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm index.php;
        }
        location /status{
                  stub_status on;
                  access_log off;
        }

1.3 重启服务并查看nginx是否成功启动

[root@localhost conf]# systemctl restart nginx

[root@localhost conf]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

1.4 开启网页查看实验是否成功

 2.基于授权的访问控制

2.1生成用户密码认证文件

[root@localhost conf]# yum install -y httpd-tools
[root@localhost conf]# htpasswd -c /usr/local/nginx/passwd.db tsuki
[root@localhost conf]# chown nginx /usr/local/nginx/passwd.db
[root@localhost conf]# chmod 400 /usr/local/nginx/passwd.db

2.2修改nginx配置文件

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  www.kcg.com;

        charset utf-8;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm index.php;
            auth_basic "secret";
            auth_basic_user_file /usr/local/nginx/passwd.db;
        }
        location /status{
                  stub_status on;
                  access_log off;
        }

2.3 重启服务并查看nginx是否成功启动

[root@localhost conf]# systemctl restart nginx

[root@localhost conf]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

2.4开启网页查看实验是否成功

 3.基于客户端的访问控制

3.1修改配置文件

[root@localhost conf]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf


 location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm index.php;
            deny 192.168.116.10;
            allow all;

        }

3.2重启服务并查看nginx是否成功启动

[root@localhost conf]# systemctl restart nginx

[root@localhost conf]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

3.3查看实验是否成功

使用被禁止的192.168.116.10查看网页

使用本机ip查看网页

4.基于域名的 Nginx 虚拟主机

4.1为虚拟主机提供域名解析

[root@localhost conf]# echo "192.168.116.13 www.kgc.com www.benet.com" >> /etc/hosts

4.2为虚拟主机准备网页文档

[root@localhost nginx]# mkdir -p /usr/local/nginx/html/benet
[root@localhost html]# mkdir -p /usr/local/nginx/html/kgc
[root@localhost html]# echo "<h1>www.kgc.com</h1>" > /usr/local/nginx/html/kgc/index.html
[root@localhost html]# echo "<h1>www.kgc.com</h1>" > /usr/local/nginx/html/benet/index.html

4.3修改nginx配置文件

[root@localhost conf]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

 server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  www.kcg.com;
        charset utf-8;
        access_log logs/www.kgc.access.log;
        location / {
            root  /usr/local/nginx/html/kgc;
            index  index.html index.htm index.php;

        }
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

4.4重启服务并查看nginx是否成功启动

[root@localhost conf]# systemctl restart nginx

[root@localhost conf]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

 4.5使用域名查看实验是否成功

 5.基于IP 的 Nginx 虚拟主机

5.1修改配置文件

[root@localhost conf]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf


server {
        listen       192.168.116.13:80;
        server_name  www.kcg.com;
        charset utf-8;
        access_log logs/www.kgc.access.log;
        location / {
            root  /usr/local/nginx/html/kgc;
            index  index.html index.htm index.php;

        }
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

5.2重启服务并查看nginx是否成功启动

[root@localhost conf]# systemctl restart nginx

[root@localhost conf]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

 5.3使用ip地址访问，查看实验是否成功

 

 6.基于端口的 Nginx 虚拟主机

6.1修改配置文件

[root@localhost conf]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf


server {
        listen       192.168.116.13:8080;
        server_name  www.kcg.com;
        charset utf-8;
        access_log logs/www.kgc.access.log;
        location / {
            root  /usr/local/nginx/html/kgc;
            index  index.html index.htm index.php;

        }
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

6.2重启服务并查看nginx是否成功启动

[root@localhost conf]# systemctl restart nginx

[root@localhost conf]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

6.3使用端口访问，查看实验是否成功