目录
0.码仙励志
不要让未来的你,讨厌现在的自己,困惑谁都有,但成功只配得上勇敢的行动派
1.验证码有啥用
在我们注册时,如果没有验证码的话,我们可以使用URLConnection来写一段代码发出注册请求。甚至可以使用while(true)来注册!那么服务器就废了!
验证码可以去识别发出请求的是人还是程序!当然,如果聪明的程序可以去分析验证码图片!但分析图片也不是一件容易的事,因为一般验证码图片都会带有干扰线,人都看不清,那么程序一定分析不出来。
2.VerifyCode 生成验证码图片
这个类可以生成验证码图片
package com.maxian.servlet;
import java.awt.BasicStroke;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
public class VerifyCode {
private int w = 70;
private int h = 35;
private Random r = new Random();
// {"宋体", "华文楷体", "黑体", "华文新魏", "华文隶书", "微软雅黑", "楷体_GB2312"}
private String[] fontNames = {"宋体", "华文楷体", "黑体", "微软雅黑", "楷体_GB2312"};
// 可选字符
private String codes = "23456789abcdefghjkmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHJKMNPQRSTUVWXYZ";
// 背景色
private Color bgColor = new Color(255, 255, 255);
// 验证码上的文本
private String text ;
// 生成随机的颜色
private Color randomColor () {
int red = r.nextInt(150);
int green = r.nextInt(150);
int blue = r.nextInt(150);
return new Color(red, green, blue);
}
// 生成随机的字体
private Font randomFont () {
int index = r.nextInt(fontNames.length);
String fontName = fontNames[index];//生成随机的字体名称
int style = r.nextInt(4);//生成随机的样式, 0(无样式), 1(粗体), 2(斜体), 3(粗体+斜体)
int size = r.nextInt(5) + 24; //生成随机字号, 24 ~ 28
return new Font(fontName, style, size);
}
// 画干扰线
private void drawLine (BufferedImage image) {
int num = 3;//一共画3条
Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)image.getGraphics();
for(int i = 0; i < num; i++) {//生成两个点的坐标,即4个值
int x1 = r.nextInt(w);
int y1 = r.nextInt(h);
int x2 = r.nextInt(w);
int y2 = r.nextInt(h);
g2.setStroke(new BasicStroke(1.5F));
g2.setColor(Color.BLUE); //干扰线是蓝色
g2.drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2);//画线
}
}
// 随机生成一个字符
private char randomChar () {
int index = r.nextInt(codes.length());
return codes.charAt(index);
}
// 创建BufferedImage
private BufferedImage createImage () {
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)image.getGraphics();
g2.setColor(this.bgColor);
g2.fillRect(0, 0, w, h);
return image;
}
// 调用这个方法得到验证码
public BufferedImage getImage () {
BufferedImage image = createImage();//创建图片缓冲区
Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)image.getGraphics();//得到绘制环境
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();//用来装载生成的验证码文本
// 向图片中画4个字符
for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {//循环四次,每次生成一个字符
String s = randomChar() + "";//随机生成一个字母
sb.append(s); //把字母添加到sb中
float x = i * 1.0F * w / 4; //设置当前字符的x轴坐标
g2.setFont(randomFont()); //设置随机字体
g2.setColor(randomColor()); //设置随机颜色
g2.drawString(s, x, h-5); //画图
}
this.text = sb.toString(); //把生成的字符串赋给了this.text
drawLine(image); //添加干扰线
return image;
}
// 返回验证码图片上的文本
public String getText () {
return text;
}
// 保存图片到指定的输出流
public static void output (BufferedImage image, OutputStream out)
throws IOException {
ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", out);
}
}
2.VerifyCodeServlet 响应到各户端
用来把验证码响应到各户端和保存验证码的内容
package com.maxian.servlet;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class VerifyCodeServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
//创建验证码类
VerifyCode vc = new VerifyCode();
// 获取随机图片
BufferedImage image = vc.getImage();
//保存图片上的文本到session域中
request.getSession().setAttribute("vCode", vc.getText());
//把图片响应给客户端
VerifyCode.output(image, response.getOutputStream());
}
}
3.RegistServlet 判断验证码
判断用户输入的验证码是否正确
package com.maxian.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class RegistServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
//设置编码
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
//获取用户输入的用户名和验证码
String username = request.getParameter("username");
String vCode = request.getParameter("code");
//获取用户输入的用户名和验证码
String sessionVerifyCode = (String)request.getSession().getAttribute("vCode");
//判断用户输入的用户名和验证码和用户输入的用户名和验证码是否一致
if(vCode.equalsIgnoreCase(sessionVerifyCode)) {
response.getWriter().print(username + ", 恭喜!注册成功!");
} else {
response.getWriter().print("验证码错误!");
}
}
}
4.zhuce.jsp 注册页面
用户注册的页面
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>用户组册</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
function _change() {
var imgEle = document.getElementById("vCode");
imgEle.src = "/Test01_5/VerifyCodeServlet?" + new Date().getTime();
}
</script>
<form action="/Test01_5/RegistServlet" method="post">
用户名:<input type="text" name="username"/><br/>
验证码:<input type="text" name="code" size="3"/>
<img id="vCode" src="/Test01_5/VerifyCodeServlet"/>
<a href="javascript:_change()">看不清,换一张</a>
<br/>
<input type="submit" value="注册"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
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