阿里云java后台环境搭建笔记

系统：centos7.2

本文主要有以下四个部分组成：
1、centos7.2 jdk安装;
2、centos7.2安装Tomcat9.0；
3、centos7 安装mariadb；
4、java web项目的部署；

centos7.2 jdk安装

1、安装JDK

上传新的jdk-8u111-linux-x64.rpm软件到/usr/local/执行以下操作：
[root@zck local]# rpm -ivh jdk-8u111-linux-x64.rpm
JDK默认安装在/usr/java中。

2、验证安装

执行以下操作，查看信息是否正常：
[root@localhost ~]# java
[root@localhost ~]# javac
[root@localhost ~]# java -version
java version "1.8.0_111"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_111-b14)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.111-b14, mixed mode)

3、配置环境变量

修改系统环境变量文件
vi + /etc/profile

向文件里面追加以下内容：
JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_111
JRE_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_111/jre
PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin
CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE_HOME/lib
export JAVA_HOME JRE_HOME PATH CLASSPATH

使修改生效
[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile   //使修改立即生效

4、查看系统环境状态
[root@localhost ~]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin:/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_111/bin:/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_111/jre/bin

centos7.2安装Tomcat9.0

1、下载：apache-tomcat-9.0.0.M11.tar.gz

网址：http://tomcat.apache.org/download-90.cgi

2、安装tomcat

将apache-tomcat-9.0.0.M11.tar.gz文件上传到/usr/local中执行以下操作：
[root@iZwz9bvemtte4yl4836a58Z local]# cd /usr/local  
[root@iZwz9bvemtte4yl4836a58Z local]# tar -zxv -f apache-tomcat-9.0.0.M11.tar.gz // 解压压缩包  
[root@iZwz9bvemtte4yl4836a58Z local]# rm -rf apache-tomcat-9.0.0.M11.tar.gz // 删除压缩包  
[root@iZwz9bvemtte4yl4836a58Z local]# mv apache-tomcat-7.0.29 tomcat  

3、启动Tomcat

[root@iZwz9bvemtte4yl4836a58Z ~]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_111/jre
Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.

4、防火墙开放8080端口
增加8080端口到防火墙配置中，执行以下操作：

[root@iZwz9bvemtte4yl4836a58Z ~]# vi + /etc/sysconfig/iptables

增加以下代码：

    -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 8080 -j ACCEPT  

5、重启防火墙

[root@iZwz9bvemtte4yl4836a58Z ~]# service iptables retart

6、检验Tomcat安装运行

通过以下地址查看tomcat是否运行正常：
http://120.75.121.75:8080/
看到tomcat系统界面，说明安装成功！

7、停止Tomcat

[root@iZwz9bvemtte4yl4836a58Z~]#/usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh   
//停止tomcat  

centos7 安装mariadb

1、安装MariaDB

安装命令：

    yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server

首先启动MariaDB：

    systemctl start mariadb

设置开机启动：

    systemctl enable mariadb

MariaDB的相关简单配置

    mysql_secure_installation

    首先是设置密码，会提示先输入密码

        Enter current password for root (enter for none):<–初次运行直接回车

    设置密码

        Set root password? [Y/n] <– 是否设置root用户密码，输入y并回车或直接回车
        New password: <– 设置root用户的密码
        Re-enter new password: <– 再输入一次你设置的密码

    其他配置

        Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] <– 是否删除匿名用户，回车

        Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] <–是否禁止root远程登录,回车,

        Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] <– 是否删除test数据库，回车

        Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] <– 是否重新加载权限表，回车

        初始化MariaDB完成，接下来测试登录

        mysql -uroot -ppassword

完成。

2、配置MariaDB的字符集

执行vi /etc/my.cnf,在[mysqld]标签下添加

    init_connect='SET collation_connection = utf8_unicode_ci' 
    init_connect='SET NAMES utf8' 
    character-set-server=utf8 
    collation-server=utf8_unicode_ci 
    skip-character-set-client-handshake

执行vi /etc/my.cnf.d/client.cnf,在[client]中添加

    default-character-set=utf8

执行vi /etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf，在[mysql]中添加

    default-character-set=utf8

全部配置完成，重启mariadb

    systemctl restart mariadb

查看是否配置成功：如下

    [root@iZwz9bvemtte4yl4836a58Z ~]# mysql -uroot -p
    Enter password: 
    Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
    Your MariaDB connection id is 3
    Server version: 5.5.50-MariaDB MariaDB Server

    Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

    Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

    MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
    +--------------------+
    | Database           |
    +--------------------+
    | information_schema |
    | mysql              |
    | performance_schema |
    +--------------------+
    3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

    MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like "%character%";
    +--------------------------+----------------------------+
    | Variable_name            | Value                      |
    +--------------------------+----------------------------+
    | character_set_client     | utf8                       |
    | character_set_connection | utf8                       |
    | character_set_database   | utf8                       |
    | character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
    | character_set_results    | utf8                       |
    | character_set_server     | utf8                       |
    | character_set_system     | utf8                       |
    | character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
    +--------------------------+----------------------------+
    8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

    MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like "%collation%";
    +----------------------+-----------------+
    | Variable_name        | Value           |
    +----------------------+-----------------+
    | collation_connection | utf8_unicode_ci |
    | collation_database   | utf8_unicode_ci |
    | collation_server     | utf8_unicode_ci |
    +----------------------+-----------------+
    3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

    MariaDB [(none)]> 

3、添加用户，设置权限

注释：mysql的操作中，分号不能忘了。

[root@iZwz9bvemtte4yl4836a58Z ~]# mysql -uroot -p

创建用户命令

    mysql>create user username@localhost identified by 'password';

直接创建用户并授权的命令

    mysql>grant all on *.* to username@localhost indentified by 'password';

授予外网登陆权限 

    mysql>grant all privileges on *.* to username@'%' identified by 'password';

授予权限并且可以授权

    mysql>grant all privileges on *.* to username@'hostname' identified by 'password' with grant option;

刷新系统权限表
    mysql>flush privileges;

详细如下：
    [root@iZwz9bvemtte4yl4836a58Z ~]# mysql -u root -p
    Enter password: 
    Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
    Your MariaDB connection id is 4
    Server version: 5.5.50-MariaDB MariaDB Server

    Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

    Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

    MariaDB [(none)]> use mysql
    Reading table information for completion of table and column names
    You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

    Database changed
    MariaDB [mysql]> create user un@localhost identified by 'password';
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

    MariaDB [(none)]> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
    +------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
    | user | host      | password                                  |
    +------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
    | root | localhost | *1314DBFF97A917A817B1C56321B088B291664619 |
    | root | 127.0.0.1 | *1314DBFF97A917A817B1C56321B088B291664619 |
    | root | ::1       | *1314DBFF97A917A817B1C56321B088B291664619 |
    | un   | %         | *484EE53A91F439428F0030CE471E3C00303E754D |
    +------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
    4 rows in set (0.00 sec)



注释：其中只授予部分权限把 其中 all privileges或者all改为select,insert,update,delete,create,drop,index,alter,grant,references,reload,shutdown,process,file其中一部分。

4、补充

创建用户并设置密码
    mysql> insert into mysql.user(Host,User,Password) values("localhost","admin",password("admin"));
    mysql>flush privileges;

创建数据库并授权
    create database mydb;
    //授权admin用户拥有mydb数据库的所有权限。
    >grant all privileges on mydb.* to admin@localhost identified by 'admin';
    mysql>flush privileges;

删除数据库和用户
    mysql>DELETE FROM user WHERE User="admin" and Host="localhost";
    mysql>flush privileges;
    mysql>drop database mydb;

修改密码
    mysql>update mysql.user set password=password('新密码') where User="admin" and Host="localhost";

java web项目的部署

1、获取war包；

2、将xftp上传到tomcat/webapps目录下；

3、重启tomcat;

This is not the end but a beginning，come on！