在WIN10中部署Docker

环境准备

开启Hyper-V

• 以管理员身份开启PowerShell，并运行如下命令开启Hyper-V

Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName Microsoft-Hyper-V -All 

下载DOCKER DESKTOP

• Docker Desktop 官方下载地址：

https://hub.docker.com/editions/community/docker-ce-desktop-windows

• 双击下载的 Docker for Windows Installer 安装文件，一路 Next，点击 Finish 完成安装。

注意：如果无法启动Docker，请安装WSL2：https://czf-net.xyz/res/wsl.msi

替换DOCKER ENGINE源

• 对应设置中输入以下内容

"https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn" 

检查DOCKER正常运行情况

• 开启命令行，输入以下内容

docker run hello-world 

限制WSL2内存使用

• 按下 Windows + R 键，输入 %UserProfile% 并运行进入用户文件夹

• 新建 .wslconfig 文件并输入如下内容:

[wsl2] memory=2GB #根据个人电脑配置 
swap=0 
localhostForwarding=true 

• 启动cmd命令提示符，输入 wsl --shutdown 来关闭当前的子系统

• 再次输入bash启动，此时内存已经降低

创建DOCKER镜像

编写DOCKERFILE

• 新建 Dockerfile 文件

FROM ubuntu:18.04

RUN cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bck 

RUN echo "" > /etc/apt/sources.list 

RUN echo "deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list 
RUN echo "deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list 
RUN echo "deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list 
RUN echo "deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list 
RUN echo "deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list 
RUN echo "deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list RUN echo "deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list 
RUN echo "deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list 
RUN echo "deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list 
RUN echo "deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse" >> /etc/apt/sources.list 

RUN apt-get update 
RUN apt-get install make 

ARG USER_NAME 
ARG USER_ID 

RUN useradd --shell /bin/bash -u $USER_ID -c -o -m $USER_NAME 
RUN usermod -a -G root $USER_NAME 

#ENV 设置环境变量
#ENV  http_proxy http://xxx:8080
#ENV  https_proxy http://xxx:8080
#ENV ftp_proxy http://xxx:8080
#COPY 宿主机文件路径 镜像文件路径

构建镜像

• 输入以下内容

docker build --build-arg USER_NAME=$(whoami) --build-arg USER_ID=$(id -u) -t imageName:$(whoami) .

–build-arg 为Dockerfile中对应的传入参数

• 查看镜像

docker images

创建容器

• 输入以下内容

docker run -v $(pwd):/mnt -itd --name containName_$(whoami) imageName:$(whoami) /bin/bash 

-v 为挂载共享数据卷的路径
注意：$(pwd) 需要输入绝对路径

• 查看正在运行的容器

docker ps

以用户登录容器

docker exec -it --user $(whoami) imageName_$(whoami) /bin/bash 

镜像维护

更新镜像

• 通过容器更新镜像

docker ps

docker stop containerName

docker commit -a "$(whoami)" -m "env updated" containerName  images:tag_$(date +%d%m)

导出镜像

• 保存包

docker save -o imageName.tar.gz imageName:tag_$(date +%d%m)

导入镜像

• 从包中导入

docker import imageName.tar.gz imageName:release_$(date +%d%m)

• 查看镜像

docker images

在LInux环境中上述操作通用

apt-get update
apt-get install docker